Which department should I see for Parkinson s disease and how should Parkinson s disease be diagnose

Parkinson's disease should be seen by a neurologist.

Hello, you should go to the neurology department to take a look, to consider the manifestations of Parkinson's disease, it is necessary to combine the specific symptoms and characteristics, carry out a nervous system examination, combined with the examination of the brain MRI to determine the diagnosis, so as to take measures to ensure the function of the limbs, usually to consciously carry out appropriate limb function ** exercise, which is conducive to improvement, to monitor blood pressure, blood sugar and lipids, to prevent blood viscosity from increasing. Rational use of drugs and physiotherapy to control or alleviate symptoms and prevent secondary dysfunction; Actively engage in motor function training to improve movement, balance and coordination; Actively engage in homework** and speech training to maintain or improve the ability to perform activities of daily living.

Hello, there are generally many diseases that are prone to hand tremor, such as Parkinson's, essential tremor, hyperthyroidism, cervical spine compression, cerebellar lesions, etc., and the diagnosis must be confirmed by the Department of Neurology or Functional Neurosurgery of a regular tertiary hospital.

Parkinson's disease involves many departments, and in the early stage, motor symptoms are the main symptoms, and you can see a neurologist. In patients with a course of more than five years, most of the drugs are ineffective, and neurosurgical intervention is often required. The symptoms of the middle and late stages of the disease gradually worsen, which can involve more departments, including ** department, psychological medicine department, nutrition department, and even gastroenterology, urology, respiratory medicine and other departments.

A multidisciplinary team of clinical collaboration has been established to work together to develop Parkinson's disease and related complications.

Parkinson's should not be seen in a brain department unless it is a surgical procedure. For this disease, it is recommended to use Longyuan Quver Soup**.

Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease requires typical clinical symptoms, response to levodopa medications, and necessary ancillary tests. The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease must have bradykinesia, which is the patient's reduction in the amplitude or speed of limb movement during the initiation or continuous movement of movement, at least one of the resting tremors or muscle rigidity, and the patient's drug effect on dopaergic is relatively clear and significant. Patients may present with levodopa-induced dyskinesia and ancillary tests as necessary to help distinguish Parkinson's disease from atypical parkinsonism.

Patients with Parkinson's disease may have hyposmia or loss, abnormally hyperechoic sunspots on cranial ultrasound, and cardiac metaiodobenzylguanidine-scintigraphy, which shows cardiac desympathetic innervation, and markedly reduced dopamine transporter function.

Hope it helps you, please adopt it in time, thank you.

Parkinson's diagnosis and treatment is to help us solve these problems with TCM recuperation. If you need to control it, then use Western medicine, otherwise you will use Chinese medicine to help you recover your body and fight the disease.

Traditional Chinese medicine to Parkinson's: First of all, we often say that "Parkinson's is old age and body weakness", so what is body deficiency. Traditional Chinese medicine refers to the weakness of the constitution as body deficiency, and the weakness of chronic diseases as deficiency syndrome, and divides weakness into four types: qi deficiency, blood deficiency, yin deficiency, and yang deficiency.

The five organs all have the symptoms of yin and yang deficiency and reality, and Parkinson's is mainly what Chinese medicine calls "blood deficiency and wind.""Abbreviated as "Wind Certificate".

Jishi Pingfeng Soup**": Quench the liver wind and relieve spasms, nourish the kidneys and replenish the brain and marrow, activate the meridians to make the meridians smooth, regulate the spleen so that nutrition can reach the whole body and relieve spasms. Parkinson's is different for each person, and there will be additions and subtractions according to each person's different conditions.

1. Routine laboratory examination: generally within the normal range, some individuals may have hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and abnormal changes in electrocardiogram.

2. Blood cerebrospinal fluid examination: it can reduce the detection level of dopamine and reduce the concentration of its metabolite homovanillic acid. Reduction of serotonin metabolites, reduction of hydroxyindoleacetic acid content; dopamine hydroxylase; The level of somatostatin in cerebrospinal fluid decreases significantly.

3. Molecular biology examination: high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and HVA biochemical detection can detect the decrease in cerebrospinal fluid and urine output. Genetic testing, PCR, and DNA sequence analysis can detect genetic mutations in patients with familial Parkinson's disease.

4. Brain CT and MRI examinations: generally there are no characteristic manifestations, and elderly patients may have different degrees of cerebral atrophy, ventricular enlargement, lacunar infarction, and individual basal ganglia calcification.

5. Functional imaging detection: PET or SPECT and specific radionuclide detection are used. For example, the relationship between dopamine metabolism and dopamine receptor density and affinity of 6(18F)-levodopa (6-FD) can be used to obtain information about related diseases, and it was found that the metabolic function of dopamine in Parkinson's brain decreased significantly, and the patient showed a lower absorption index than the normal striatum before the onset of clinical symptoms.

Parkinson's disease is more common after the age of 50 and is slightly more common in men than women. Symptoms usually begin in one upper limb and gradually extend to the ipsilateral lower limb, contralateral upper limb, and lower extremity, and are mainly manifested by resting tremor, which is usually the first symptom of the disease, mostly starting from the distal upper limb on one side, and is manifested by regular finger flexion and thumb-to-palm movements, such as pill-rubbing movements. Tremor is pronounced at rest, exacerbated by mental stress, lessened with voluntary movements, and disappeared during sleep, with mild tremors appearing only when emotional, anxious, excited, or walking.

In the later stages of the disease, the tremor becomes regular and cannot be relieved or stopped when performing voluntary movements. The second is muscle rigidity, which is characterized by increased muscle tension between the extensor muscles and flexor muscles at the same time, and the muscles of the trunk, limbs, and neck are stiff, often presenting a special posture, which is mainly manifested as head forward tilt, trunk bending, elbow flexion, wrist extension, forearm adduction, hip and knee flexion. Due to the rigidity of the arm muscles and hand muscles, the patient is unable to do fine motor movements in the upper limbs, such as difficulty in writing, and the more he writes, the smaller he writes, presenting the syndrome of microwriting.

After the disease progresses, it can also be difficult to turn the head, at which time the neck and trunk muscles are stiff, and the head and trunk must be moved in small steps in place to complete the corresponding movements. Patients with Parkinson's disease often suffer from neck pain, low back pain and limb joint pain due to severe muscle rigidity, especially in elderly patients, who are sometimes misdiagnosed as osteoarthropathy such as cervical and lumbar disc herniation or other diseases.

The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is mainly determined by clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging examinations lack specificity, resting tremor, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity and decreased voluntary movements are the four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease, among which bradykinesia is the most important. Of course, hand tremor is not necessarily Parkinson's disease, cerebellar lesions, essential tremor and parkinsonism can all occur, so it is recommended that patients go to the hospital for treatment, and then give symptomatic treatment after clarification**.

When it comes to Parkinson's disease, you may think of boxing champion Ayanshou, a great warrior who has been fighting Parkinson's disease for 32 years, and there are currently nearly three million Parkinson's patients in China, and 1 in every 100 people over 60 years old suffer from Parkinson's disease. "Faced with this problem, which is a mistake in itself, let's look at a case study first.

Medical history] Bi, male, 52 years old, lives in Luohe City, Henan Province. Came to the clinic on September 23, 2017. Bad breath, nausea, loose stools, rumbling stomach, serious memory loss, confusion, high or wild blood pressure, has suffered from ischemic cerebral infarction, hydrocephalus, hospitalized in the city hospital for a period of time, and is now taking antihypertensive drugs; 2 months ago, he began to have stiff legs, staggered walking, didn't know which foot to step on first, noodles and potatoes had a face, his hands tremored slightly, and he came to the clinic with the support of his wife, his expression was wooden, his reaction was slow, his face was white and his lips were black, his tongue was red and yellow, and his pulse was slow.

Diagnosis] dementia (senile dementia and Parkinson's disease) [syndrome] phlegm turbidity and stasis obstruct the brain. 【Treatment】Expectorant and open the body, invigorate blood and awaken the brain [Prescription] Basic prescription: add 1 part of gastrodia, 3 parts of citrus aurantium, 3 parts of bamboo ru, 1 part of licorice, 2 parts of tulip, 2 parts of calamus.

Case data: Male, 72 years old. Right-sided limb tremor with inconvenience in walking for 3 years, aggravated for 10 days.

Involuntary tremor of the right limb began 3 years before admission, Bisheng tremor began in the right lower limb, showing rhythmic shaking, gradually involving the right upper limb, tremor appeared more than when the static laughter seeps, aggravated when nervous, and there were clumsy and slow walking, difficulty starting when walking, small steps, leaning forward, and dull facial expression. More than 10 days ago, the patient's limb tremor was worse than before, he had difficulty walking, and his limbs trembled, so he visited our hospital. No history of hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, no history of infectious diseases such as hepatitis and tuberculosis, no history of traumatic blood transfusion surgery, no history of drug and food allergies.

Examination t:,p:74 points,r:

19 minutes, bp: 140 80 mmHg. Conscious, bilateral pupils are equally large and circular, about 3 mm in diameter, and respond to light.

The bilateral nasolabial folds are said to be defeated, and the tongue is protruded in the center. The muscle tone of the limbs was increased in a lead tube, the muscle strength was grade 5, the right limb was involuntary tremor, the bilateral finger-nose test was accurate, the bilateral depth and shallow sensory examination was normal, the bilateral tendon reflexes were symmetrical, and the bilateral pathological signs were not elicited. Auxiliary examination showed no abnormalities in cranial CT.

Based on the patient's medical history, symptoms, combined with physical examination and auxiliary examinations, the patient's condition can be definitively diagnosed as Parkinson's disease.

Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease: 1. Clinical symptoms, the core symptom of Parkinson's disease is bradykinesia, that is, the patient's movement is particularly sluggish and slow, such as gait initiation or slow limb swing. 2. Tremor, which is typically characterized by resting tremor, is that it will be more obvious when quiet and will be reduced when active.

3. Abnormal posture and gait.

Of course, there are other symptoms, such as rapid eye movement sleep disturbances, loss of smell, and so on.

At the same time, laboratory tests can also be done to help confirm the diagnosis, and the current relatively accurate and objective test is that the test can detect the dopamine transporter in the brain, that is, the number of DAT is significantly reduced. However, the cost of this examination is relatively high, and many hospitals do not carry out this program, so at present, it mainly relies on clinical symptoms for diagnosis.

What tests should be done after symptoms that are suspected of Parkinson's disease? Let's take a look at some of the tests to be done to diagnose Parkinson's disease!

1. CT examination of the brain.

If you have symptoms that are suspicious of Parkinson's, you will go to the hospital for a CT scan of your brain, which can detect brain atrophy and other lesions in older people.

2. MRL examination.

This test is done to detect the physical condition of older people and is done after symptoms of Parkinson's disease are suspected.

3. Functional imaging examination.

Functional imaging is one of the most effective ways to diagnose and diagnose this disease, and it can be done to make a definitive diagnosis, but it is expensive and has not been fully used in clinical practice.

4. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid examination.

This test can detect whether the patient has a decrease in dopamine levels and a decrease in the concentration of metabolites or vanillic acid, which is of great value for the diagnosis of the condition.

5. Routine inspection.

Routine laboratory tests are a very common test that can detect high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high blood lipids, and abnormal ECG changes.

Parkinson's disease is a chronic disease, the early symptoms are not obvious, after the age to be vigilant, the elderly should regularly go to the hospital for physical examination, through the physical examination can be early detection, early diagnosis, early **. The elderly should develop good living habits and do a good job in adjusting their lives and diet, which can promote their health.

The main symptoms of Parkinson's disease are stiffness, slowness of movement, and resting tremor of the limbs, as well as a series of symptoms such as abnormal posture, forward walking, and difficulty in turning. After the diagnosis is confirmed, Medopa is given first**. Medopa's medication requirements are very standardized, and it must be taken 1 and a half hours before meals, or 2 hours after meals.

When the drug is mixed with food, it will affect its efficacy. And within 2 hours of taking Medopa, you should not drink milk, because the protein will affect the absorption of the drug. The dose of medopar is started with the smallest dose, and the patient can take 1 to 4 tablets orally 3 times a day.

The patient's symptoms do not recover significantly, which can be gradually increased to 1 2 tablets, 3 times a day. It is recommended not to increase the dose of medopar too quickly, nor to increase the dose too much. Although the patient's symptoms can be significantly improved with a larger dose, it does not take long for a certain amount of *** to occur.

The dose should be increased slowly starting with a small dose. If monotherapy** does not work well, a dopamine receptor agonist, such as pramipexole, can also be added. The treatment of Parkinson's disease should be carried out under the specific guidance of a neurologist, and do not reduce or increase the drug without authorization.