What is an abbreviated sentence and what does an abbreviated sentence mean

Only the main stem of the sentence is left, that is, the subject, the predicate, the object, the other definite, formal, and complement are not allowed.

For example: we bought a beautiful puppy in the store yesterday.

Subject: we; Predicate: buy; Object: Dog. Adverbial: Yesterday, in the store; Term: one, beautiful.

Shrink it is: we buy dogs.

1. Sanna, the fisherman's wife, sat by the fire and mended a broken sail. (Sanna mends the sail.) Sanna mends the broken sails. ）

2. That spacious new house is the teacher's office of the First Elementary School. (The house is an office.) The new house is the teacher's office. ）

3. Butterflies are flying among the flowers. (There are butterflies fluttering in the flowers.) Butterflies are flying. ）

4. Our Communist Party and the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army under the leadership of the Communist Party are the ranks of the revolution. (The Communist Party, the Eighth Route Army, and the New Fourth Army are the troops.) The Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army are the teams. ）

Answer: Sentence 1 is a conjunctive sentence, the subject is the compound phrase "Sanna, the fisherman's wife", the predicate verb is "sitting" and "complementing", and the object center is "breaking the sail". The main word should be taken when referring to the abbreviation of the phrase, and "Sanna" should be used here.

The predicate verb in the verb must all remain in the stem, and the object or object center must also remain in the stem. The phrase "by the fire" in this sentence is a complement to "sit" and should be abbreviated as usual; However, after shrinking, the trunk will not form a sentence, so it should be retained. Therefore, 1 sentence should be shortened to:

Sanna sat by the fire mending the broken sails. (The word "broken" can also be removed).

2 sentences can be abbreviated to "the house is an office" or the new house is the teacher's office", because the central phrase can be either a word or a phrase (a tightly bound phrase).

3 sentences are conjunctive sentences, the subject is "in the flowers", the predicate verb is "have" and "fly", and the central sentence is "butterfly". When conjunctive sentences are abbreviated, the conjunctive or central conjunctive language must be retained. Therefore, the 3 sentences should be condensed into :

(There are butterflies fluttering in the flowers.) (The "in" in the original sentence is an adverbial sentence, which is equivalent to "is").

The subject center of the four sentences is "the Communist Party, the Eighth Route Army, and the New Fourth Army", and the object center is "team". Therefore, it should be shortened to: "The Communist Party, the Eighth Route Army, and the New Fourth Army are the troops." ”

The original sentence of the abbreviated sentence question should choose a typical subject-predicate sentence, and those special sentence patterns such as conjunctive sentences, conjunctive sentences, "put" sentences, "be" sentences, subject-predicate sentences, subject-verb-object sentences, etc. should not be used as abbreviated sentence practice questions or exam questions. Some compilers lack grammar knowledge, so they will make up such digressions, and teachers should identify them when using them and choose them reasonably.

Excerpt from "Primary School Chinese Teacher".

A shortened sentence is to shorten a long sentence with "thick branches and leaves" into a short sentence that only leaves the "trunk", and cannot change the main meaning of the original sentence. No matter how complex a single sentence is, as long as it is compressed layer by layer, it will become simpler and simpler, and what remains in the end is the "backbone" of the sentence. In other words, the "trunk" is the remaining part after all the adjectives, adverbials, and complements have been compressed.

Abbreviation refers to taking out the main part (stem) of a sentence and not leaving some adjectives at all.

However, be careful not to change the meaning of the original sentence.

For example. The fluffy pompom flowing on the ground turned out to be a newly hatched chick.

Shrinking into a small pom-pom is a chick.

When abbreviating sentences, pay attention to three points: one is not to change the meaning of the original sentence, the second is not to change the structure of the original sentence, and the third is to remain a sentence after abbreviation.

Requirements for abbreviated sentences:

1 The main component of the abbreviated sentence must be a word or phrase.

For example: "Giant pandas greedily eat tender bamboo leaves." It should not be reduced to "pandas eating leaves", but should be reduced to "giant pandas eating bamboo leaves".

Because "giant panda" and "bamboo leaf" are complete concepts, the extensions of "panda" and "giant panda" are not consistent. "Leaf" is a morpheme and not a word here, and "bamboo leaf" is the word.

2 Reserve the necessary ingredients.

For example: "The advanced students in my class often take the initiative to help the junior students". If it is shrunk to:

Students help students" is vague and can only be condensed to "advanced students help backward students". The two additional elements of "advanced" and "backward" are retained, and the meaning is clear and clear.

3 "With", "over", and "over" should be kept.

The word "着" is used after the verb to indicate that the action is in progress, such as: "the students are in class", if it is shortened to "the students are in class", it is not clear whether the class is now or in the past. The word "了" is used after a verb to indicate that the action has been completed.

For example: "Mr. Zhao gave us an unforgettable science lesson. "It should be condensed" Mr. Zhao gave a science lesson.

If it is condensed into "Teacher Zhao class." "Is it on, or is it finished? I don't know.

The word "pass" is used after the verb to indicate that the action has passed. For example: "I once visited the beautiful Guilin.

If it is shortened to "I visit Guilin." "Are you on a tour, or have you ever been on a tour? Didn't make it clear.

It can be seen that the words "on", "has", and "over" after the predicate cannot be removed.

4 Compound finger components should be retained intact.

For example: "We should keep the promises we have made in the past." It should be shortened to "We keep our promises". If it is shortened to "We keep our promises." The meaning is incomplete.

5 Phrases for direction should be removed in their entirety.

For example: "We swim in clear river water." It should be reduced to "We swim."

Can't be condensed to "we're swimming", besides, like "in......Down", "In......"" in ......Outside" in ......When the phrase indicating the direction in the sentence "中" is used as an adverbial, the word "in" cannot be retained, and should be completely removed together with the following adverbial.

6 Handling of complements.

First of all, the complement after the verb predicate should generally retain the central word; Secondly, the complement after the adjective is generally deleted. For example, "Zhang Xiaonan jumped up with joy after publishing his composition", which can be shortened to "Zhang Xiaonan is happy".

7.Do not change the tone of the sentence.

The tone of the sentence cannot be changed, such as "Does he want to sleep peacefully here for half a day?" "Should shrink to" Does he want to sleep? ”

1。The swallow rested on the pole like a musical note. Abbreviated sentence: swallow like a musical note.

2。The eyes of the crowd looked at the stands in unison. Abbreviation: Look at the stands.

3。Ms. Wang cares about students who are lagging behind in their studies. Abbreviated sentence: The teacher cares about the classmates.

4。The latter of the races was wide, and the winning athletes were so excited that they ran on the streets. Abbreviation: Athletes run.

5。The discovery of the Brahmaputra Gorge is the result of the hard work of several generations of scientists in China. Abbreviation: Discovery is the result.

6。He drank a bag of milk and ate two buns to go to school. Abbreviation: He went to school.

7。Qiu Shaoyun lay in the fire like a thousand pounds of boulders, and did not move. Abbreviated sentence: Qiu Shaoyun remained motionless.

8。"The old man thought to himself, this may be the closest thing to him" Abbreviation: the old man thought.

9。There are weeping willows on the grass on the campus, which is very shady. Abbreviated sentence: There are willows in the meadow.

10。Teachers and classmates were so excited that they burst into tears. Abbreviated sentence: Teachers and students burst into tears.

11. We are a revolutionary team. - We are a team.

12. The weather in the north is too cold. - It's cold.

13. The students in the school carefully wipe the classroom desks. - Hidden student rub.

14. He glared at her fiercely. - he glared at her.

1. The basic meaning of the original sentence should be retained, and the sentence structure should not be changed. For example, my brother's hairstyle is very beautiful.

2. Remove all the modifiers in the sentence as much as possible, and not leave a little.

For example, she was so excited that tears were about to flow out. Loud singing reverberates on the calm surface of the lake.

3. Mood words such as "on, on, over" and "ah, what, what, ah, what" in the sentence should be retained, and if they are removed, the sentence structure, tone, and emotion may be changed.

For example: 1. There are many blank tags and a roster of magazine subscribers on the table. 2. Vanka squinted at the dim idol.

Fourth, the pre-modifier of "of" is deleted. As in "Beautiful butterflies flew away." The word "beautiful" is used to modify "butterfly", so "beautiful" can be deleted. This phrase is abbreviated as "The butterfly flew away." ”

5. The restriction before "land" should be deleted. For example, "People couldn't help but cry out in surprise. "In can't help but be surprised" is used to restrict "shouting up", it is to be deleted. The phrase was abbreviated as, "People shouted." ”

6. The supplementary explanation after the word "obtained" is also deleted. For example, "Halib is so anxious that he can't do anything." The word "no way" is a supplementary explanation of the degree of "anxious", and it should also be deleted. This sentence is abbreviated as "Halib is in a hurry." ”

The abbreviation is to shorten the long sentence of "leafy" to a short sentence with only "trunk" left, and cannot change the main meaning of the original sentence, that is, to cut branches and reduce leaves. Abbreviations can be understood as summarizing the meaning of a sentence. No matter how complex a single sentence is, as long as it is compressed layer by layer, it will become simpler and simpler.

What remains in the end is the "stem" of the sentence, which is also the subject-verb relation-object.

Abbreviated sentence "five removed".

1. Remove the words in front of the word "of". Example: The crimson sun shines brightly.

This example sentence just needs to remove "crimson" and "eye-catching". However, in some sentences, the word "of" does not appear implicit in the sentence, and we can fill it in first and then shorten the sentence.

Example: The boatman is particularly good at driving.

As long as this sentence becomes "the boatman's driving skills are particularly good", the abbreviation will be much easier.

2. Remove the words in front of the word "earth". Example: Ancient Venice falls asleep deeply.

In this sentence, while removing the word "ancient", it is also necessary to remove the "heavy ground" before the word "earth". Similarly, some of the words "earth" will also be implicit, in the same way.

For example, a clear river flows slowly into the distance.

Again, we're "slowly" after "ground" and then we're removing it.

3. Remove the words after the word "de". Example: A naughty little girl jumps for joy.

The word "jump" after the word "got" should be removed.

4. Remove the words that indicate quantity. For example, the apricot trees at both ends of the platform attract a swarm of bees.

A group of "to be removed, of course, "on both ends of the platform" to be removed.

5. Remove words that indicate the time, place, direction, method, purpose, etc., these words often have a fixed format, such as "on", "from", to", "use", etc., it is easy to find them out. Example: The red flag of victory flutters in the wind over a small school in Gao'an.

Principal Wei of Fengtian Dongguan Model School asked the students a serious question, and the abbreviation was that Principal Wei asked the question.

Abbreviation is to cut off the branches and leaves of a large tree with lush foliage, leaving only the main part of the tree, and not changing the meaning of the original sentence, simply put, it is to turn a long sentence into a short sentence and keep the original meaning unchanged. That is, to the sentence **.

Formula] "cherry blossoms" and "ground" go before, "got" to go, keep "holding" and "passing".

The role of abbreviations.

1) Abbreviated sentences can help us understand the meaning of sentences accurately.

For example, the little sparrow with yellow beak and fluffy head flaps its wings helplessly.

After the abbreviation, grasp the stem of the sentence "The little sparrow flapped its wings." I know that this sentence is written about little sparrows.

2) Abbreviated sentences can also help us judge whether a sentence is correct or not.

For example, on the eve of the "June 1st" Festival, Ning Ning was honorably awarded the title of "Three Good Students".

This sentence was abbreviated to become: "Ning Ning was awarded the title." We will find that this sentence is wrong, then Liang, and the words "rated as a title" are not properly matched.

When shrinking sentences, it is necessary to find out the subject, predicate, and object of the sentence first, and then gradually delete the modifiers in front of them until they are clean. "In ......Words such as "upper" (middle, inner, lower)" to indicate specific conditions and circumstances should be deleted.

The small and large in the abbreviated sentence should be removed. Analysis: Abbreviated sentences generally remove definite complements that indicate modifiers.

The small "after the "of", indicating that the "small" is a definite sentence and should be removed; Without adding "of", it indicates that it is the prefix of the word or that it is the same word as the part of the swift bird after it, and the year should be retained. For example, children, flowers, rivers. The same goes for "big".

He was born in a big city. ("In" as a preposition, with other words to form a prepositional structure, this prepositional structure in the sentence as an adverbial or complement, this prepositional structure should be removed.) How do you write the word "in"?

In "as a noun, as a subject or object, when the mu years old can not be removed).

Sentence Abbreviation Steps First, understand the meaning of the sentence;

second, mark the words that should be left (trunk and branches and leaves that must be retained); Third, check the good and bad of right and wrong.

For example: "This magnificent project is a great project in the history of the world." "In the history of the world" as an adverbial and deleted.

"Grandiose" is a modifier and should be deleted. "Great" is a definite word, but it is a necessary ingredient in this sentence and should be retained. So it is shortened to:

It's a great project.