How animals recognize colors, the three colors of animals

The vast majority of animals are colorblind, and animals that are not colorblind have different visual senses than humans, so we think that the color is different from other animals, and the dependence of animals on color is not the same, like birds, most of them need males to rely on beautiful colors to impress females, because the healthiest males will have shiny hair, but some animals rely on color to warn others, indicating that they are poisonous, like jungle arrow frogs.

Do animals recognize colors? Sun Yansheng Scientists use bees as experimental subjects to find out whether bees distinguish flowers by color. In one trial, a little honey was placed in front of a blue card, but no honey was placed in front of another red card.

After a while, the bees all flew towards the blue card, regardless of whether the card was placed on ** or whether there was honey in front of the card. This experiment proves that bees are able to recognize colors. Bees can't distinguish red, and for bees, red is just dark gray or black; Also, bees use ultraviolet light as a color, and for humans, it's just darkness.

The male bird has bright colors in its feathers, can the female see these colors? Biologists have shown in experiments with hens that they are able to distinguish between colors. However, the dog closest to a human being is "color blind".

Here, by the way, cats are also "colorblind"! Orangutans and monkeys have very good color vision. However, most mammals, including bulls, are color blind.

Mammals are color blind because most of them hunt for food at night and do not depend on color.

Most animals are busy with color, and their function depends on touch and smell, and even if they see colors, they are not the same as the colors we humans see.

"The Color of Animals" is a book published by Hunan Education Publishing House in 2012, and the author is Beth Fielding.

The first part of the Colors of Animals (the colors of animals around the world are as brilliant as a rainbow) introduces monochromatic animals, which are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and purple; The second part introduces multi-colored animals – yellow and orange, orange and red, red and blue, blue and green, black and white, and even colorful animals. Animal Colors is a great experience for animal lovers of any age, and it can grow with children. Toddlers will fall in love with these fun animals** and their bright colors.

Introduction:Colors of Animals (Rainbow of Colors for Animals Around the World)" by Beth Fielding, this book takes you on a journey to discover the colours of the animal world, where it is dazzling and joyful! Beth Fielding, before writing these animal books for children, had read stories to her children and volunteered for tens of thousands of hours in public schools, which was an amazing experience.

The Colors of Animals, the natural history, habits of animals, and animal conservation information.

The colors of animals are varied.

In the animal kingdom, there are animals that have colorful appearances, such as parrots, peacocks, chameleons, insects, and many more. However, not all animals in the animal kingdom are like this, and most of the animals above the middle size are solid in color and not "fancy", such as lions, elephants, rhinoceros, hippos, antelopes, etc. Most of the colorful animals are small and medium-sized animals.

Most large animals follow the rule of "the strong is king" when looking for mates or dominating the group, or grabbing territory and prey, that is, the larger the size, the more advantageous they can occupy in the competition of the same kind, and they rely on their body shape rather than appearance.

However, small and medium-sized animals, especially birds and insects, are smaller and more aggressive than their counterparts, and in order to attract the attention of the opposite sex, they need to be more ornate. For peacocks, for example, experiments have shown that males with more showy and dense fur are more likely to win the favor of females.

The role of animal color

For animals, color plays a key role in their survival, and their current color is the best color that has been selected over a long period of time. The primary role of animal color is camouflage, powerful predators need to sneak close to their prey without being detected, and eaters need to avoid detection by predators as much as possible.

The second is information transmission, animals do not speak like humans, they can only rely on colors, movements, smells, sounds, etc. to transmit information. The most important thing in messaging is sexual selection, as peacocks can attest, as well as warning and intimidating and attracting other species.

In addition, whether it is a large animal or a small animal, they will have a "protective color". The protective color is the appearance color attribute of the animal according to different environmental characteristics. For example, the lion's earthy yellow hair is more conducive to sneaking up on its prey, and the chameleon will also change its color according to the main color of different environments.

The normal human eye can perceive the colors of the world, recognizing red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, and purple, plus various transitional colors between them, there are about 60 kinds in total. So, what about the ability of animals to sense color?Scientists have studied this.

Studies have confirmed that most mammals are color blind. Cows, sheep, horses, dogs, cats, etc., can hardly distinguish colors, reflected in the color of their eyes, only black, white, gray 3 colors, dogs can not distinguish colors, it looks at the scenery like looking at a black and white**. In addition to their legs, dogs mainly rely on their sense of smell and hearing to hunt their prey.

Our human "close relative" apes live a prosaic gray life. Voles, house mice, yellow squirrels, chipmunks, squirrels, prairie dogs, etc. cannot distinguish the color of the forest bridge. Giraffes can distinguish yellow, green, and orange.

Deer have the strongest recognition of gray. Interestingly, although the zebra is colorblind, it can use color to protect itself. Zebras and other animals graze together, and the black and white stripes can attract attention, so when danger arises, all zebras will quickly flee as soon as the lead horse moves.

When the zebra runs, the shaking of the black and white stripes makes it difficult for the predator to quickly determine the distance, and the zebra can escape safely.

Bees have a visual system similar to that of humans, and their visual system is directly connected to the brain, and Lotto explains that the eye's ability to see is achieved by detecting light reflected on the retina. At the same time, neurologists emphasize that the light reflected on the eyes by objects is not permanent, but dynamic, such as the flowers seen by bees. In their research, Lotto and Willey found that bees' visual abilities were able to distinguish complex spring colors.

This has attracted the attention of scientists.

Protective color, warning color, mimicry.

Both protective colors and mimicry are similar to environmental colors and are not easy to identify, while warning colors are different from the environment and are easy to detect, and animals with warning colors are generally potential. injuriousness, according to which the warning color can be distinguished from the other two in the wheel state. The protective color is similar to the environmental color, where the "environmental color" should be the dominant color in the environment, such as green lawn in spring and summer, and white snow in winterMimicry is a resemblance to a living or non-living thing in the environment, and characteristics such as the color of this living or non-living thing do not necessarily predominate in the environment and are not the dominant color.

Moreover, the mimicry phenomenon is often related to the state of motion of the organism, which is generally similar when it is in a relatively stationary state, and is not similar once it is in motion; The protective color has nothing to do with the state of movement, the coarse grandson is like a dead leaf butterfly resting on the branch like a dead leaf, the "resting" state is like a dead leaf, once it flies up it is not like it, and we may have this experience when we catch the Kunyan tung chain worm: sometimes we see insects flying from here to another place, but immediately search in another place, but can not find it immediately.

The cells that distinguish colors are mainly cones, which have three pigments, and the different colors of red, green, and blue are the result of different combinations of three colors. Theoretically, chickens have strong color discrimination.

People can distinguish more than five colors.

1. Giraffes.

Giraffes can distinguish yellow, green, and orange.

2. Bees. Bees can distinguish between three colors: green, yellow, and blue.

3. Mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are able to distinguish between yellow, blue, and black, and have a preference for black.

4. Birds. Birds can see at least 5 spectral bands. Many birds, such as pigeons, have very different eyesight, and they can distinguish millions of different colors, and they are considered to be the best at distinguishing colors on the planet.

Color vision in which animals perceive the different animals of the world and their behavior, ecology and fundusRetinaFor humans, color vision plays an important role in the activity of understanding the world, but color vision plays an important role in non-human animals, especially those who are notPrimatesThe impact is minimal, of course, and this does not include hymenopteran insects, which are very dependent on color.

According to reliable research, most mammals.

It is color blindness, cows, sheep, horses, dogs, cats, etc. can hardly distinguish colors, the colors in their eyes are only black, white and gray, dogs cannot distinguish colors, it looks like a black and white **, except for legs, hunting dogs.

Mainly depends on smell and hearing. Our close relatives of humans live a plain gray life, voles.

House mice, yellow rats, rats, squirrels, prairie dogs, etc. cannot distinguish colors, giraffes.

It can distinguish between yellow, green and orange, with deer having the strongest ability to recognize gray.

Interestingly, the zebra is colorblind, but it can protect itself with color, zebras and other animals mix together to graze, and black and white stripes attract attention. Therefore, when danger occurs, all the zebras will quickly run away as soon as the leading horse moves. When the zebra runs, the shaking of the black and white stripes makes it difficult for the predator to quickly measure the distance, the zebra can escape safely, the bird is not.

In addition to some birds that are accustomed to nightlife, such as owls.

Many birds have a sense of color.

Because there are no cone cells in the retina, they cannot recognize color, when flying at high altitude, crows need to find a place to land, the color will help them judge the distance and shape so that they can catch insects flying in the air and land gently on the branches, the color discrimination ability of birds also helps them to find a mate, we can imagine that male birds often use gorgeous feathers to attract the opposite person, if they do not feel the color,The question of whether animals can distinguish various colors and what the visual characteristics of animals are like will be explained here today.