Calcium is related to the human body, the role of calcium in the human body

Almost 99% of the calcium in the human body is concentrated in bones and teeth. The rest is distributed between the soft tissues of the tooth to varying degrees, with only calcium present in the extracellular fluid (ECF). Calcium in solid bone minerals, usually in the form of hydroxyapatite [CA10(P04)6(0H)2], this hydroxyapatite crystal is hexagonal tubular shape, and the other is amorphous calcium phosphate [Ca3(P04)2], amorphous calcium is also the precursor of apatite, these two calcium phosphates coexist in bone minerals, the former is more in mature bone, and the latter is more in newly formed bone.

Calcium in bones makes up 25 percent of lean body mass and 40 percent of ash weight. Calcium in soft tissues and body fluids exists in a free-bound form, and this part of the calcium is collectively called the miscible calcium pool. Serum calcium is relatively stable, almost all of which is present in the serum, and the normal concentration of serum calcium is .

Children are taller and often at the upper limit. Calcium in serum can be divided into two parts: diffuse calcium and non-diffuse calcium. Non-diffuse calcium refers to calcium that binds to plasma proteins (mainly albumin), which do not permeate capillary walls easily and are not physiologically active.

In diffuse calcium, one part is complex calcium combined with organic or inorganic acids, and the other part is calcium ions in a free state. Only ionized calcium works. The average ratio of the three types of calcium is protein-bound calcium46, ionized calcium, complex calcium, non-diffuse calcium and ionized calcium.

The exchange of calcium between the bloodstream and bone can be divided into bone formation and slow bone resorption, as well as a faster exchange process between calcium ions and the surface of susceptible bone crystals. Under normal conditions, less than 1 bone calcium can be freely exchanged with extracellular fluid. Most of the calcium in bones can be released at any time to regulate low blood calcium, or to maintain the body's internal environmental stability.

But its movement also requires an active resorption process.

Calcium is an indispensable element in human bones. Calcium can increase a person's bone density. Calcium deficiency can cause osteoporosis, limb weakness and muscle aches.

Our cardiomyocytes also contain calcium, which acts as an excitatory to the heart.

Calcium is an essential mineral nutrient for all cells. Modern medical research has shown that calcium nutrition is closely related to the functions of more than 10 systems in the body, such as immunity, nerves, endocrine, digestion, circulation, exercise, reproduction, etc., and calcium ions participate in the whole process of life evolution and life movement.

Research in basic medicine and clinical medicine has confirmed that calcium ions have a huge impact on life, that is to say, human health is inseparable from calcium.

The calcium content of the human body is about 1, accounting for body weight, and the number of calcium atoms is second only to the four non-metallic elements such as C, H, O, N, etc., which is the most abundant metal in the body. The average calcium content per kilogram of non-adipose tissue is about 20 25g.

More than 99 calcium in the body is distributed in bones and teeth, and the remaining less than 1 calcium is distributed in body fluids and various tissues and organs of the body, which is a participant in a variety of physiological activities. The concentration of calcium in the tissues and blood of the human body must be kept constant, not too high and not too low, otherwise it will threaten life.

Calcium plays a vital and indispensable role in the human body, and without calcium ions, it would be difficult for humans to survive.

First of all, calcium ions are involved in muscle contraction and nerve regulation, and play an important conduction role in the process of nerve expression. The absence of calcium ions means that the muscles will no longer be able to contract and nerve conduction will no longer be able to communicate.

Secondly, calcium ions are also important coagulation factors and participate in the coagulation process. If there is no calcium ion, it means that once the bleeding is difficult to stop, you may eventually die from blood loss.

Finally, calcium ions are also an important component of human bones, without calcium ions deposited on the bones, there is no bone scaffolding, and human beings cannot walk.

Calcium is the source of life of the human body, and it is the most abundant inorganic element in the human body, with a total amount of more than 1 kg, and has the reputation of "life element" of the human body.

Calcium 99 in the human body is deposited in bones and teeth, promoting their growth and development, maintaining their shape and hardness; l It is present in blood and soft tissue cells and plays a role in regulating physiological functions.

The physiological role of calcium ions determines its importance to human life activities:

Calcium is inherently important for blood clotting. When calcium is deficient, blood clotting disorders occur, and the human body will have symptoms such as bleeding gums, subcutaneous bleeding spots, irregular uterine bleeding, menorrhagia, blood in the urine, and hematemesis.

Calcium ions play an important role in the excitation of nerves and muscles and the conduction of nerve impulses. When calcium deficiency occurs, the body experiences symptoms such as nerve blockade and dystonia.

Calcium ions play an important role in cell adhesion and the maintenance of cell membrane function. The cell membrane is not only a barrier to the contents of the cell, but also a carrier for various essential nutrients and oxygen to enter the cell. Normal levels of calcium ions ensure that the cell membrane smoothly "pumps" nutrients into the cell.

Calcium ions have an activating effect on enzymatic reactions in the human body. As we all know, enzymes are the catalyst for the metabolic process of various substances in the human body, and it is an important life substance in the human body, and calcium deficiency will affect the normal physiological metabolic process.

Calcium ions play a decisive role in the secretion of human endocrine glandular hormones, and are essential for maintaining the functions of circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, nervous, endocrine, reproductive and other system organs.

In short, calcium is an indispensable trace element for the human body, it is not only the constructor of the body, but also the regulator of the body, and the source of life of our human body.

5. Normal blood calcium concentration is very important to maintain the normal function of the cardiovascular system, the contraction and relaxation of myocardium and its energy storage and utilization are inseparable from the role of calcium, when the blood calcium concentration is too low, the myocardial contractility is weakened, the mechanical contraction time of the ventricle is prolonged, and in severe cases, it can cause blood pressure to decrease, psychological failure, cardiac arrest and other phenomena. High blood calcium will cause excessive myocardial contraction, causing arrhythmia and other adverse reactions.

6. Normal blood calcium concentration is maintained. The sympathetic and parasympathetic activity of the smooth muscle of the digestive tract and various digestive glands, as well as the secretion, activation and physiological effects of enzymes involved in digestion all play an important role, such as the human body uses carbohydrates to provide energy and decompose proteins into amino acids need the participation of calcium ions, and the blood calcium concentration is too high or too low will affect the digestive function.

7. Blood coagulation is a defensive response of the human body to bleeding caused by external injury, so as not to lead to excessive bleeding, blood coagulation requires a lot of uninvolved participation, and these enzymes need calcium ions to activate in order to play a role, that is to say, the lack of calcium ions will lead to bleeding, or slow hemostasis.

Calcium ions are also important for fighting blood clotting, it can maintain the flow of blood so that the blood will not clot, so it has an anticoagulant effect and can alleviate the occurrence of blood clots.