In classical Chinese, what are real words and what are virtual words

Words with actual meaning are called real words, and words without actual meaning are called virtual words.

Real words: words with practical meaning, such as nouns, verbs.

Hypothetical: Structural particles, etc.

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Analysis: Real words] Real words have real meaning, and they can act as a single component of the sentence chain, and they can generally be questioned separately.

Real words include nouns, verbs, adjectives, numerals, quantifiers, and pronouns. In classical Chinese, there are a large number of real words, and mastering a large number of real words in classical Chinese is the key to Tiwu Rugao's ability to read classical Chinese. When learning real words, we should pay special attention to its three main features in grammar:

The first is the polysemy of the word, the second is the ancient and modern changes in the meaning of the word, and the third is the active use of the part of speech.

Virtual words] Virtual words have no real meaning, and generally cannot be used as a sentence component, and cannot be asked separately. (A few adverbs such as "no", "maybe", "no", etc., can be questioned separately), and can only be combined with real words to form sentences and express various grammatical relationships. There are five types of virtual words: adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, particles, and interjections.

Although the virtual words of the literary language only account for a small part of the whole literary words, its grammatical role is very large. Many sentence patterns in classical Chinese are marked by imaginary words, such as the judgment sentence "..He who.

also", the passive sentence of the "for". Place. Hypothetical words are used very frequently in classical Chinese, and their interpretation is quite flexible.

The main commonly used imaginary words are: the, the, in, to, and, then, is, if, and, who, for, yet, is, this, si, other, he, an, who, hu, hu, how, although, although, yet, then, also. Oo, hu, ya, yan, ear, etc.

Hypothetical words: The residual spine includes pronouns, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and interjections, and there are 20 common hypothetical words. Generally refers to words that do not constitute sentence components and do not express real meaning. The main role is to combine linguistic units.

Real words: It is a kind of Chinese word class, which contains words with actual meaning, and real words can be used as sentence components alone, that is, words with lexical meaning and grammatical meaning. It generally includes nouns, verbs, adjectives, numerals, quantifiers, pronouns, distinguishing words, adverbs, special real words, onomatopoeia, and interjections.

Taking the grammatical function as the main basis, it is believed that the real words that can act as syntactic components alone and have lexical and grammatical meanings are real words; It cannot be used as a syntactic component, and it is a virtual word that has no lexical meaning but only grammatical meaning.