Ask for a song, Zi said, learn and learn at the beginning of 40

Confucius said, "Isn't it also nice to learn knowledge and then review it at a certain time?" Isn't it also a happy thing to have like-minded people come from afar tomorrow spring?

This quote comes from the Analects.

Original text: Zi said: "Learn and learn from time to time, don't you also say it?" Have friends come from afar, are you happy? People don't know and are not ashamed, and they are not gentlemen? ”

Translation: Confucius said:"Isn't it also enjoyable to review what you've learned after studying? Isn't it nice to have like-minded people from afar? Others don't understand me, but I'm not angry, isn't it also a morally cultivated person? "

The meaning of Analects 12 is as follows:

1. Confucius said: "Isn't it pleasant to learn knowledge and then review it on time?" Isn't it very happy to have like-minded people from afar? People don't understand me, but I'm not angry, isn't I a talented person? ”

2. Zeng Zi said: "I conduct self-examination many times a day: Have I done my best to plan things for others? Are you honest and trustworthy in your dealings with friends? Has the knowledge imparted by the teacher been reviewed? ”

3. Confucius said: "At the age of fifteen, I began to aspire to do learning, at the age of thirty I could do things independently, at the age of forty I could not be confused by external things, at the age of fifty I could know what things could not be controlled by man, at the age of sixty I could listen to different opinions, and at the age of seventy I could do things as I wanted, and I would not exceed the rules." ”

4. Confucius said: "By reviewing the knowledge you have learned, you can gain new understanding and experience, and then you can rely on this to become a teacher (of others)." ”

5. Confucius said: "If you only study but do not hide your meditation and think, you will feel confused and at a loss; If you only dream but do not study, you will be mentally damaged. ”

6. Confucius said: "What a virtuous person, Yan Hui! A bowl of rice, a scoop of water, living in a simple alley, no one else can bear this kind of poverty and hardship, but Yan Hui does not change his pleasure (if he loves to learn, he learns). What a virtuous person, Yan Hui! ”

7. Confucius said: "Those who know learning are not as good as those who love to learn; People who love to learn are not as good as people who take pleasure in learning. ”

8. Confucius said: "Eat coarse grains, drink cold water, and bend your grandson to sleep with your arms and pillows, and the fun is also in this." Wealth and status gained by improper means are like clouds in the sky to me. ”

9. Confucius said: "In the ranks of many people, there must be someone who can be my teacher." I choose his strengths to learn from him, find his shortcomings (if I have them) and correct them. ”

10. Confucius said on the riverbank: "The passing time flows like a river, day and night." ”

11. Confucius said: "The commander of the army can be changed, but the ambition of the common people cannot be changed." ”

12. Zixia said: "If you are well-read and study extensively, and you can stick to your ambitions, ask questions earnestly, and think more about current things, benevolence is among them." ”

Introduction to Confucius

Confucius (551-479 BC), a native of Lu in the late Spring and Autumn Period. He was a great thinker, politician and educator in China in the late Spring and Autumn Period, and the founder of Confucianism. He educates students with the teaching philosophy of "the doctrine of benevolence", "teaching students according to their aptitude" and "teaching without class".

He was later honored as a "saint".

Kong Qiu is the second in line, a Han Chinese, and a native of Lu Guoyi (zōu yì) during the Spring and Autumn Period. Confucius is one of the world's most famous cultural figures. compiled the first part of our country with high credibility and more moral aristocracy; Confucius and Lao Tzu belong to the former.

Confucius was a great politician, thinker, educator, founder of Confucianism, and a world-famous literary celebrity in ancient China. Together with Mencius, he was called "Confucius and Mencius", Confucius was revered as the "most holy" and Mencius was the "sub-sage".

Zi said: "Learn and learn from time to time, don't you also say it!" It is a pleasure to have friends from afar! People don't know it, and they don't know it, and they don't know it! ”

This is the first chapter of the opening chapter, which is the expression and portrayal of Confucius's positive outlook on life. First of all, we must understand the phrase "learn and learn". To learn is to study, to learn, to receive education.

The purpose of learning is varied, some people want to master a skill and make a living; Some people are trying to improve their cultural literacy and improve their own level. The main thing that Confucius learned was to be a person (self-cultivation), but also to do things and to learn. He never forgot to be a moral man, and at the same time strive to realize his political ideals; Academically, we should do some sorting and deletion work for past literature authors.

From the age of fifteen, Confucius established the ambition to learn and the purpose of life.

Learning and learning from time to time" means learning more and adopting a positive attitude of "learning from time to time, learning from nowhere and learning from nothing, and learning without anything". In this way, we can learn at any time, anywhere, and in everything, and we can get inspiration and lessons from it, so that we can make progress every day, and our hearts are full of the joy of grasping the truth.

"The Analects of Learning": Zi said: "When you learn it, don't you also say it? Have friends come from afar, are you happy? People don't know and are not ashamed, and they are not gentlemen? ”

Zhu Xi, a famous scholar of the Song Dynasty, spoke highly of this chapter, saying that it was "the door to the Tao and the foundation of virtue". These three sentences in this chapter are very familiar. The explanation has always been:

After learning, I often review and practice, and I am not happy, etc. Three sentences, one sentence with one meaning, and there is no coherence between the preceding and following sentences. However, some people believe that this interpretation does not conform to the original meaning, pointing out that "learning" here does not refer to learning, but to doctrine or proposition; "Shi" cannot be understood as often, but the meaning of the times or society, and "Xi" is not to review, but to use, and by extension, to adopt.

Moreover, these three sentences are not isolated, but coherent. The meaning of these three sentences is: If one's own doctrine is adopted by society, it will be very happy; Taking a step back, I would be happy if it had not been adopted by society, but many of my friends had agreed with my doctrine and came to me to discuss the problem. Taking a step back, even if society doesn't adopt it, people don't understand me, and I don't resent it, isn't it a gentleman to do so?

In addition, in the explanation of the sentence "people don't know, but they are not ashamed", some people think that there is no object behind "people don't know", so what do people don't know? At that time, because Confucius had a specific environment for speaking, he did not need to say what he knew, and others could understand it, but it left a mystery for future generations. Some people say that this sentence is the continuation of the previous sentence, and a friend from afar asks me for advice, and I tell him that he still does not understand, but I do not resent it.

In this way, "people don't know" means "people don't know what I'm talking about." Such an explanation seems far-fetched.

In short, this chapter proposes to take learning as a pleasure and to be ignorant and not ashamed, reflecting Confucius's proposition of never tirelessly learning, tirelessly teaching, paying attention to self-cultivation, and being strict with himself.