If you want to know the basic knowledge of relativity, you can read the book 10

Introduction to the theory of relativity is divided into a certain class.

If your learning level is a university doctorate (science and engineering level is required), you can directly buy university physics textbooks, general relativity textbooks will be put into university physical surveying and university mechanics textbooks, I recommend you to buy a book: the English translation of the classic "Fundamentals of Physics", the publisher forgot, only remember that it seems to be translated by Tsinghua University and Peking University scholars. The cover of the book has portraits of Newton and Einstein, **160 yuan RMB, Xinhua Bookstore will generally enter one or two, the book contains the basic textbook knowledge of the entire field of physics, and is suitable for people with a certain foundation to learn by themselves.

If you are a high school student, and you feel that you have a good preliminary grasp of calculus in the third year of high school, you can also take a look at "Fundamentals of Physics", if you have not mastered calculus, it is recommended that you buy "Thomas Calculus" first, **80rmb or so, Xinhua Bookstore generally enters 3 4 books, including elementary calculus and advanced calculus, and the basic knowledge needed to learn calculus is also included in it, and it will not be too difficult for high school students to master it.

It is not recommended for high school students to read the theory of relativity in the last chapter of physics in the third year of high school, because the theory of relativity in the textbook of the third year of high school is too incomplete, and it is easy for people to not understand the theory of relativity but easily feel that the theory of relativity is wrong.

If you are a junior high school student and have exceeded the course standard to a certain extent, you can take a look at "A Brief History of Time" or "The Earth in the Shell", the authors are Stephen Hawking, of course, your Chinese reading level should be high.

If you are an elementary school student, you can first. When you go to junior high school, you can learn about the theory of relativity according to the above practice.

First of all, the correctness of the theory of relativity is still controversial, and whether it is right or wrong, in-depth study of the theory of relativity is the only way to study and improve high-energy physics.

The principle of special relativity: all laws of physics (laws of mechanics, electromagnetism, and other laws of interacting dynamics) are equivalent (equal) in all inertial frames of reference, and no inertial frame has a superior position, and there is no absolutely stationary frame of reference (ether), thus negating the "ether theory" and absolute space.

The principle of invariance of the speed of light: The speed of light in a vacuum is the same for any observer.

Equivalence principle: The kinetic effects of the inertial force field and the gravitational field are locally indistinguishable.

The principle of invariance of the speed of light states that the speed of light in a vacuum is the same for any observer.

In 1972, the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Bourde, Colorado, USA, used laser interferometry to determine the speed of light without a finger and obtained c = 299,792, m s, which was 100 times more accurate than the previous measurement and quantity. The remaining uncertainties are mainly due to the uncertainty in the definition of meters.

1.College physics does not talk about the theory of relativity, if you are a student in Jiangsu, college physics in the theory of relativity and classical mechanics is what you learn in high school physics, but there is just one more integral. Therefore, you must first learn integralism, which is "Advanced Mathematics".

2。Jiangsu's words have been learned from the Lorentz transformation, which is basic and used a lot. If you are from Jiangsu and have not learned, it is your teachers who have not taught well.

3。Special relativity doesn't use a lot of mathematics, so you don't need to learn anything else, and you'll look at it when you need to use it. At least from what I understand. Ignorance in the broad sense.

4.It is also laborious to understand some of his simplest derivation processes, let alone how to understand this conclusion, so you have to be prepared for a protracted battle.

5,。To sum up, the books to read: "Advanced Mathematics" integrals, the basics of chivalrous relativity in high school physics, and the Lorentz transform formula, these basic knowledge should be proficient. If you don't understand, you can ask me again, I'm also very interested in the theory of relativity.

Look at the landlord, this means that there is no foundation, it is recommended that you start from the level of popular science. I recommend you to read "The Shape of Time: A History of Relativity".

"Let's talk about the special theory of relativity".

Author: Look up at the sky and think about the universe.

Publisher: Hunan Science and Technology Press.

I've been reading a book lately, which is more light-hearted. There are the most basic formula derivations, which are sufficient for understanding the theory of relativity.

Gamow, "From One to Infinity", Einstein, "A Brief Introduction to the Theory of Special and General Relativity".

Feynman, "Feynman Talks on Physics: The Theory of Relativity" (this book is actually taken from Feynman's lecture notes on physics, and is actually a textbook).

Also, to be honest, you have to have computational reasoning without textbooks, which is a pretty puzzling requirement. If you really want to figure out what the theory of relativity is all about, you can't learn it without honestly looking for this textbook. And if you want to look at the general idea, then the formula is actually very simple, but at the same time a lot of (whether boring or not) textual expositions and philosophical views can be said to be unavoidable.

You can read "A Brief Introduction to the Theory of Special and General Relativity", which was written by Einstein himself, and is a popular introduction to the relative recognition.

Recommend the version of Peking University Press, translated by Yang Runyin!

"Help you learn the special theory of relativity in a week."

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask.

Don't you have all of them in your high school textbooks?

The upstairs is good. Peking University publishes a simple derivation of the Lorentz transform and an electrodynamics of moving bodies. It is dedicated to the narrow theory of relativity.

High school books recommend A Brief History of Time and The Origins of Physics There is basically no mathematical derivation.

If you are good at mathematics, let's look directly at the meaning of relativity.

To put it simply, the "generalization" of general relativity is reflected in the fact that it extends "physical laws can be expressed in the same form" from the "inertial frame" described by the special theory of relativity to an "arbitrary frame of reference".

Specifically, the following:

Special Theory of Relativity].

To understand special relativity, we must first understand the two basic assumptions of special relativity:

1) The principle of relativity: all inertial frames are equivalent. The laws of physics are expressed in the same form for all inertial frames;

2) The principle of invariance of the speed of light: the speed of light in a vacuum is constant c in either direction with respect to any inertial frame, and has nothing to do with the motion of the light source.

The basic content of special relativity:

1) the Lorentz transformation of the space-time coordinates between inertial frames and their physical significance, which is a concentrated reflection of the relativistic view of space-time;

2) the covariance of physical laws, that is, physical laws can be expressed in the same form in any inertial frame;

3) The Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force equations are tabled in covariant form, so that electrodynamics becomes an obvious relativistic theory for solving the problem of the interaction between charged particles and electromagnetic fields at any velocity.

The special relativity effect is evident for "microscopic, high-speed" particles.

General relativity].

Two basic principles:

1) Equivalence principle: all physical phenomena occurring in an inertial frame under the influence of a uniform constant gravitational field can be exactly the same as those in a non-inertial frame that is not affected by the gravitational field but moves with constant acceleration; (i.e. "gravitational force" is equivalent to "inertial force").

2) The principle of relativity of general relativity: All non-inertial frames and inertial frames present with gravitational fields are equivalent for describing physical phenomena. (i.e., physical laws have the same form in any frame of reference).

General relativity is based on the special theory of relativity, which holds that gravity is caused by distortion of space-time geometry, and that it is not a force in the traditional sense, but a space-time that is bent by matter and energy in space-time.

Special relativity and the law of gravitation are both special cases of general relativity, with the former being the absence of gravity and the latter being close, gravitational, and slow.

General relativity also states that "objects move along the shortest path in the geometry of space-time".

If there is no gravitational force in space-time, it moves in a straight line; If there is gravity in space-time that causes space-time distortion, it moves along a "geodesic" (great circle).

General relativity that cannot be fully solved.