Laser nuclear fusion, the difference between laser fusion and nuclear fusion

Laser fusion is the use of lasers to irradiate nuclear fuel to cause nuclear fusion reactions. It is a powerful means of simulating the physical effects of nuclear **. Laser fusion is very similar to the hydrogen bomb in many ways, and scientists use high-power lasers to fuse fusion fuels to study some important physical problems of nuclear weapons.

When the nuclei of lighter elements such as deuterium and tritium meet, they coalesce into heavier nuclei and release a huge amount of energy called nuclear fusion. Artificially controlled continuous fusion reactions can be divided into two categories: magnetic confinement fusion and inertial confinement fusion. The latter can be divided into three categories: laser nuclear fusion, particle beam nuclear fusion, and current pulse nuclear fusion.

There are three main uses of laser nuclear fusion: one is to find an inexhaustible clean energy for mankind, the second is to develop a truly "clean" nuclear **, and the third is to partially replace nuclear tests. Therefore, laser fusion is of great significance in both civilian and military applications.

The new hydrogen bomb made from it is a "clean" nuclear **. Because it does not produce radioactive substances.

An atomic bomb is nuclear fission, and a hydrogen bomb is nuclear fusion. Generally, an atomic bomb can be triggered by ordinary explosives, and a hydrogen bomb should be triggered by an atomic bomb. Lasers are also a way to trigger nuclear fusion. The advantages and disadvantages are obvious, and you can avoid "exploding with explosion".

Laser fusion and nuclear fusion are both methods of energy conversion using nuclear energy, but there are differences between the two in terms of their implementation principles, equipment and applications.

Principle of laser fusion: Laser fusion refers to the use of high-power laser beams to heat the surface of the fuel target for a short time, so that the nucleus undergoes a fusion reaction during the collision, thereby producing high-energy charged particles and radiation. Due to the very high energy density of the laser beam, it only takes a very short time to reach the high temperature and high density conditions required for quantum effects to achieve fusion reactions.

Nuclear fusion principle: Nuclear fusion refers to the use of nuclear interactions between fuel nuclei to obtain the energy and charged particles released through the nuclear reaction within the substance. The process of nuclear fusion is to upgrade the discipline zero compression to an extremely low temperature and high density state, and then the spine is given a starting energy, and once started, a chain reaction will cause a huge nuclear conversion to release a large amount of energy.

The fuels commonly used for nuclear fusion reactions are hydrogen and tritium, which can be burned to obtain large amounts of energy and neutrons.

In summary, although laser fusion and nuclear fusion both use nuclear reactions to convert energy, the main difference is that there are different fusion methods and the environment, fuel saving and hazardous waste treatment required to produce energy.

Google World News, Aug. 17: National laboratories achieve "Wright Brothers" results in nuclear fusion research.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory announced on Tuesday a milestone in nuclear fusion research that its chief scientist called the "Wright Brothers moment."

The research was conducted at the National Ignition Facility in Livermore, California, which covers the size of three football fields. The experiment, which was conducted on August 8, was focused by a high-energy laser to elicit a temperature and pressure comparable to that of a stellar center in a hot spot about the size of a human hair, lasting about 1 billion seconds. This process is known as ignition and is a crucial step in achieving nuclear fusion.

After ignition, the process of nuclear fusion begins to heat up, producing more heat than any possible cooling, which in turn triggers further heating to achieve nuclear fusion.

For nuclear fusion to be commercially available, the fusion process needs to produce more energy than it inputs, and the Livermore lab experiment has yet to determine whether this criterion is met. Because this process is so short, it is difficult to define the exact time of the energy input during the experiment. During this experiment, the researchers observed that the heat emitted by the fusion reaction is five times that of the reactor and 70% of the energy of the irradiated laser.

The results of the experiments are still being compiled and submitted to scientific journals for publication.

Summary. Hello dear. Advances in nuclear fusion technology For the first time, a "net energy gain" has been successfully achieved in a nuclear fusion reaction, i.e., the energy produced by the fusion reaction is greater than the laser energy that prompts the reaction.

Advances in nuclear fusion technology are breakthroughs or gimmicks.

Hello pro-burner. Advances in Nuclear Fusion Technology For the first time, the "net energy gain" has been successfully demonstrated in the nuclear fusion reaction, that is, the energy generated by the fusion reaction is missing from the laser energy that prompts the reaction.

It is reported that the experimental closed width input megajoules of energy to the target, resulting in the fusion energy output of megajoules, and the energy generated is more than 50% more than the energy invested. U.S. Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm called the breakthrough a "milestone achievement" in a statement. The outcome is expected to help humanity take a key step towards achieving zero-carbon energy sources.

In 1963, the former Soviet scientist Basov first proposed to use a laser to initiate fusion, that is, the fusion fuel was first made into many target pellets with a diameter of 1mm, and then sent into the target chamber, and the ultra-high temperature generated by the laser pulse was used to make the target pellets undergo a thermonuclear fusion reaction. Although the energy released or released by each target pill is not much greater than the power of the firecrackers set off on the night of the Spring Festival, if thousands of such target pills are continuously detonated within 1s, it will add up to a lot of energy.

To achieve light nuclear fusion, the plasma must first be confined to.

Together, in addition to the magnetic restraint method mentioned earlier, there is also the inertial restraint method. Nature. With such conditions, light nuclei are able to carry out violent fusion reactions.

Laser fusion reactions also utilize the inertial confinement method. Heating fusion substances (such as lithium deuteide) with a laser

I recommend a book "Principles of Nuclear Fusion" to you, which includes the basic concept and development history of nuclear fusion, the shape of the magnetic field in the fusion device, and the basic properties of magnetic confinement plasma. The book has the answers you need!

How exactly does a fusion reaction work?

When the nucleus of an atom is fused, a portion of the mass is converted into energy and released.

Just a small amount of mass can be converted into a large amount of energy.

When two light nuclei collide, they can form a nucleus and release energy, which is a fusion reaction, and the energy released in this reaction is called fusion energy. Fusion energy is another important way to harness nuclear energy.

Laser nuclear fusion is a major frontier topic in laser applications. Using a pulsed laser to focus on a substance that can be used for nuclear fusion, if the local temperature can reach tens of millions of degrees Celsius, it will cause a nuclear reaction. Such experiments if.

Success will open up new avenues for fusion to obtain energy.

In this field, China is at the forefront of the world.

The Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has fully demonstrated the ability of lasers to initiate nuclear fusion.

In this test, the laser oscillator emits a laser pulse, which smoothly opens the "light gate" at a speed of 300,000 kilometers per second and rushes into the laser amplifier system in two ways. In less than a hundredth of a second, the laser power has skyrocketed by a factor of 100 million. Finally, two bundles of work.

The laser pulses with a rate of 1 trillion watts each arrive at the vacuum target chamber synchronously, and after the convergence of the precision optical system, the target ball with a diameter of only 10 millimeters is accurately hit, and the temperature of the target ball suddenly rises from room temperature to more than 10 million degrees Celsius within 10 billionth of a second when the high-power laser hits the target ball, and at the same time forms a centripetal pressure of more than 10 million atmospheres. At this point, the thermonuclear "fuel" in the target sphere, composed of two isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium, produces a nuclear fusion reaction and releases fusion nuclear energy.

In 1986, China built a strong laser pulse device with neodymium glass as the main working substance - "Shenguang" device, which is the largest high-power laser device in China.

Its output is divided into two channels, each of which is 1000 joules. The pulse time is 10-9 seconds, and the peak pulse power can reach 1012 watts. It has the world's advanced level.

The whole system includes 14 subsystems such as lasers, shooting ranges, laser parameter testing, energy, central control, laboratory working environment, etc., and more than 80 sets of high-precision instruments and equipment, involving laser, optics, precision machinery, optical materials, electronics and microcomputer technology, ultra-clean technology and many other technical fields. There are 15 new materials, new technologies, new structures and new methods in this device, which are the first to be adopted in China, and most of the indicators have reached the international level.

The research on laser nuclear fusion in China has developed rapidly. In 1991, the "Shenguang I" was upgraded to "Shenguang", and the extended fundamental frequency energy was 6,000 joules, and the triple frequency energy was about 30,000 joules. The design of the neodymium glass laser "Shenguang", with a triple frequency energy of 40,000 joules, has been started and is scheduled to be completed in 2004.

The development of laser nuclear fusion is a standard to measure the level of laser science and technology in a country. China's laser fusion experiment has been successful and continues to develop, with broad prospects, which shows that China has been at the forefront of the world in this field and has provided valuable experience for the world's laser nuclear fusion research and development. Chinese will use laser nuclear fusion, a high-tech means, to serve China's economic construction.