Qin Shi Huang s War to Destroy the Six Kingdoms, how were the Six Kingdoms destroyed?

Historically, Qin Shi Huang's unification of the Six Kingdoms was outwitted, not heroic.

Qin Shi Huang already had the ambition to unify the six kingdoms before the Qin state. Therefore, at the beginning of the Qin State, a series of reforms and developments were carried out.

The first is economic development. In times of war, the economic base determines the outcome of the battle. Obviously, the ruling class such as Qin Shi Huang was also aware of this.

Therefore, the first thing to be initiated was economic reform and development. The most famous is the Shang Dynasty Reform Law, which was mainly aimed at the development and reuse of land ownership and use rights, as well as the rectification of social atmosphere. The tax revenues of the state were expanded through the development of the land.

Only with the increase in the country's income can the best equipment needed for the war be developed, and it will be possible to win the war. <>

At the beginning of the Qin state, it not only developed the economy, but also reformed the political aspect, breaking the previous high-income expenses of redundant officials and soldiers. Therefore, it touched on the interests of the ruling class of feudal society, which also led to the tragic end of Shang Ying. However, what Shang Ying brought to Qin was the necessary prerequisite and economic foundation for the unification of the six kingdoms.

His contribution is indelible in history.

The unification of the six countries by Qin was and mostly relied on strategy. Qin Shi Huang used mutual suspicion and distrust among the six kingdoms to create a rift in which they no longer trusted each other. Even if Qin came to attack one of them, the neighboring countries would no longer help him.

In addition, the two countries killed each other because of the growing suspicions, and in the end, both countries were seriously damaged, allowing the Qin State to reap the benefits of the fisherman.

Therefore, the Qin State not only had strong strength as a support for the war, but also had an extraordinary strategy to unify the turbulent pattern of the Qin State, which was not outstanding among the Six Kingdoms at that time, and finally unified the Six Kingdoms.

<>1. First of all, it was because of the solid foundation laid by the Shang Dynasty Reform of the Qin State that Qin Shi Huang was able to unify the Six Kingdoms: the Shang Dynasty Reform Law laid a solid foundation for the Qin State. Under the impetus of a series of policies such as the implementation of the county system, private ownership of land, and the granting of land for military merits, the old system of the Qin State was abolished and a new system was established, which enabled the country's economy to develop and its national strength to become stronger and stronger, laying a solid foundation for Qin Shi Huang's unification of the six countries.

It can be said that it is precisely because of the solid foundation laid by Shang Ying's reform of the law that Qin Shi Huang was able to unify the six countries.

2. Then it was because of Qin's implementation of the strategy of "distant friendship and close attack" that Qin Shi Huang unified the six countries: Qin State implemented the strategy of "distant friendship and close attack", under the guidance of the strategy of "distant friendship and close attack", Qin State made good friends with Qi State and Yan State, and swallowed and encroached on the surrounding countries such as South Korea and Zhao State, which not only consolidated Qin's control over the occupied land, but also made the six eastern countries have their own ghosts, distrust each other, and undermine their "alliance of cooperation and vertical". It can be said that it was because of Qin's strategy of long-distance friendship and close attack that Qin Shi Huang was able to unify the six countries.

3. In general, it was the right strategy that enabled Qin Shi Huang to sweep away the six eastern kingdoms and dominate the world. Although Qin Shi Huang unified the six countries because of the foundation laid by the Shang Dynasty reform and the strategy of "distant friendship and close attack" implemented by his predecessors, in essence, it was still a fierce judgment because the Qin State attached great importance to talents, like Shang Ying and Fan Ju, they were not Qin people, but they all came to Qin when their own country was not reused, and made a career. This tells us that whether it is an enterprise or a country, if it wants to prosper, it must know how to cultivate and respect talents.

1. In 230 BC, he destroyed Han and captured Han Wang'an;

2. In 229 BC, Zhao was destroyed and Zhao Wang Qian was captured;

3. In 225 BC, he destroyed Wei and captured the king of Wei;

4. In 224 BC, Chu was destroyed and the king of Chu was captured;

5. In 222 BC, Yan was destroyed and Yan Wang Xi was captured;

6. In 221 BC, Qi was destroyed and Wang Jian of Qi was captured;

In 238 B.C., Qin Wangzheng eliminated the group of Prime Minister Lü Buwei and Changxin Marquis Changyu and began to govern pro-government. Qin Wangzheng, with the assistance of Li Si, Wei Yi and others, formulated the strategy of "destroying the princes, becoming the emperor, and establishing a friendship for the world". The specific measures are:

envelop Yan Qi, stabilize Wei Chu, and eliminate Han Zhao; Distant and close attacks, break them one by one.

Destroy Korea. In 230 BC, the Qin king's political faction led an army to suddenly cross the Yellow River south and break through the Korean capital Zheng (now Xinzheng, Henan), Han Wang'an surrendered, and Korea was destroyed. The Qin State then set up Yingchuan County in Korea, and established the county in Yangzhai (now Yuzhou, Henan).

Destroy Zhao. In 229 BC, in the second year after Qin destroyed Han, the Qin army took advantage of the drought of Zhao to divide the troops into two routes, and attacked the Zhao capital Handan in the north and south.

In 228 BC, the Zhao army was broken, Handan was captured, the king of Zhao was captured, and the Zhao state was destroyed. Zhao Guogongzi Jia fled to Dai (now northeast of Wei County, Hebei), packed up the remnants and established himself as the acting king.

In 222 BC, Wang Ben, the son of Wang Qian, led an army to destroy the remnants of Yan Zhao and capture Wang Jia.

Kill the swallow. In 228 BC, after the Qin army broke through Zhao, Wang Jiantun's army was in the hometown of Zhongshan and prepared to attack Yan in the next step. In 227 BC, Prince Dan of Yan sent Jing Ke to Qin, preparing to assassinate the king of Qin in the name of the map of Xiandu Kang and the head of Fan Yuzhi, the fleeing general of Qin, in the fantasy of causing chaos in Qin to relieve the danger of being destroyed, but the conspiracy was revealed and Jing Ke was killed.

In 226 BC, the king of Qin used this as an excuse to send Wang Jian to lead his troops to attack the Yan state, and the Qin army defeated the Yan army and the Dai army who came to support in Yishui, and captured Ji, and the remnants of Yan Wangxi and Prince Dan fled to Liaodong. King Houyan killed Prince Dan and offered his head to Qin.

In 222 BC, the Qin general Wang Ben marched into Liaodong, annihilated the Yan army, captured the king of Yan, and the Yan state perished.

Destroy Wei. In 225 BC, the general of the Qin State, Wang Ben, led his troops out of the pass, captured more than a dozen cities in the north of the Chu State, and ensured the safety of the flank of the Qin army attacking Wei. Three months later, the city of Daliang was flooded, the king of Wei faked his surrender, and the state of Wei perished.

Qin established Dangjun in the Wei region.

Extinguish Chu. In 226 BC, the king of Qin sent Li Xin and Meng Tian to lead 200,000 Qin troops to attack Chu, and the Chu general Xiang Yan led the army to resist, and the Qin army captured Pingxing (now southeast of Runan County, Henan) and Bedage (now southeast of Shenqiu County, Henan) and marched to Chengyou (now east of Baofeng County, Henan), Xiang Yan counterattacked, defeated the Qin army, and Li Xin was defeated and fled.

In 225 BC, the king of Qin ordered the veteran general Wang Jian to lead an army of 600,000 to attack Chu again, and the two armies met in Chen.

In 224 BC, the Chu army challenged many times, and the Qin army did not fight, Xiang Yan had to lead his troops to return eastward, and the Qin army took advantage of the retreat of Chu to quickly attack, and defeated the Chu army in Qi, and forced to cross the Huaishui, and reached the city of Shouchun, the capital of Chu (now Shou County, Anhui).

In 223 BC, the Qin army pursued the victory, captured the Chu capital Shouchun, captured the king of Chu, and the state of Chu was destroyed. Qin set up Jiujiang County in Chu. Xiang Yan retreated to the south of the Yangtze River in defeat and established Changping Jun as the king of Chu.

Wang Jian's army, which had destroyed the state of Chu, continued southward, built warships to cross the Yangtze River, eliminated the remnants of Xiang Yan and Changping Jun, and captured Huiji in the southern part of the state of Chu in 222 BC, capturing the descendants of the Yuan Yue royal clan scattered in the south of the Yangtze River. Qin set up Huiji County in Yuedi.

Extinguish Qi. The Qin State bought the Prime Minister of Qi with a lot of money and won the victory, so that the Qi State did not cooperate with the Qin Dynasty and did not strengthen its war preparations. Qi Wangjian listened to Hou Sheng's proposition. After the Qin State destroyed the Five Kingdoms, the King of Qi suddenly felt the threat of the Qin State and hurriedly gathered his army to the western border, preparing to resist the attack of the Qin army.

The order of Qin's annihilation of the Six Kingdoms roughly began in the order of first easy and then difficult, and first north and then south.

1. South Korea. At the end of the Warring States period, Korea was the weakest of the six powers, so Korea became the primary target of Qin to sweep away the six countries. In 230 BC, Qin Shi Huang sent Nei Shi Teng to lead an army to conquer Korea.

After the fall of Korea, Han Wangan was placed under house arrest in Chen County. In 226 BC, the old Korean aristocracy rebelled in the former capital of Sinzheng, and then the Qin State sent troops to quell it. After the rebellion was put down, in order to eliminate the disaster, Han Wang'an was put to death while under house arrest.

Second, Zhao Guo. Among the six kingdoms of Shandong, Zhao was once a powerful country rivaling Qin. However, after the Battle of Changping, Zhao's strength declined sharply.

In this regard, after the Qin State eliminated Korea, it naturally focused its attention on the Zhao State next to it. In 228 BC, Wang Jian broke the Zhao army, captured Zhao Wangqian, occupied the entire territory of Zhao, and the Zhao State was destroyed. For the last monarch of Zhao, Qin chose to exile him to Fangling, and after the king of Zhao moved to Fangling, he lived in a thatched hut in the north of the city, and soon after, Zhao Wangqian starved to death in the thatched hut.

3. Yan Guo. Like South Korea, among the six eastern countries, the strength of Yan is also relatively weak. After the destruction of the Zhao State, the Qin army was thrown into the campaign to destroy the Yan State.

In 226 BC, the Qin soldiers seized the land of Yan, and the king of Yan moved east to Liaodong. In 222 BC, King Yan was captured. Regarding the ending of Yan Wangxi, the official history said that Qin Shi Huang did not embarrass him and let him go.

However, in the history of the opposition, there is a saying that Yan Wangxi later hanged himself and died.

Fourth, the state of Wei. In the history of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Wei, like Zhao and Korea, all came from the great power of Jin. In the context of the successive destruction of Korea and Zhao, Wei is obviously also "the skin does not exist, and Mao will be attached".

In 225 BC, Qin Shi Huang sent Wang Ben, the son of the general Wang Qian, to lead an army of 100,000 to attack Wei. This time Wang Ben used the water attack, the wall of the capital of Wei was collapsed, and the Qin army attacked the beam. The king of Wei faked his surrender and was killed soon after.

5. Chu State. For the state of Chu, the place is vast and the army is abundant. Therefore, in Qin Shi Huang's war to destroy the Six Kingdoms, the state of Chu was put in a lower position.

In 224 BC, Qin Shi Huang personally asked the veteran general Wang Jian to lead an army of 600,000 to attack Chu. Wang Jian was defeated and killed Xiang Yan, the general of Chu, and occupied a large part of Chu territory. In 223 BC, the Qin army occupied Jiangnan and captured the Chu king Xiong Chengshu.

Xiong, the king of Chu, was guilty of killing the king (mourning the king), and was deposed as a concubine, and his whereabouts were unknown. Sixth, Qi State.

Finally, in the historical stage of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Qi State was a traditional power. As early as the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Huan Gong became the head of the Spring and Autumn Five Hegemons. In the Warring States Period, although the Jiang Qi State was replaced by the Tian Qi State, with the efforts of the monarchs such as King Qi Wei and King Xuan of Qi, the State of Qi once made the Qin State feel fearful.

In 221 BC, Qin destroyed the last powerful rival, the state of Qi, and Wang Jian of Qi also died in exile.

From the above, we can conclude that after the destruction of the Six Kingdoms, the fate of the kings of the Six Kingdoms was: 2 were killed, 2 were starved to death, and 2 did not know what to do.

Qin successively destroyed Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan, and Qi.

1. In 238 BC (the ninth year of the reign of King Qin), King Qin was in charge of the government, got rid of Lü, Chang and others, reused Li Si and Wei Yi, and began to unify the strategy of the Six Kingdoms.

2. In 230 BC, Qin sent Nei Shi Teng to lead his troops to attack Han and capture Han Wang Bo? Hoops?

3. In 229 BC, Qin sent the general Wang Jian to lead his troops to attack Zhao, and in 228 BC, the Qin army entered Handan, and the king of Zhao surrendered with a map, and Zhao died.

4. In 225 BC, Qin sent Wang Ben to lead his troops to attack Wei, and led river water and ditch water to irrigate Weidu Liang, and the king of Wei faked surrender and Wei died.

5. In 223 BC, Qin sent Wang Jian to lead 600,000 troops to attack the state of Chu, and the king of Chu was wounded and captured, and Chu died. As early as 227 BC, Prince Yan had sent Jing Ke to assassinate the King of Qin, but it was not successful, Qin took the opportunity to capture the Yan capital Sucheng in 226 BC, and the King of Yan moved to Liaodong, and in 222 BC, Qin attacked Liaodong, captured Yan Wangxi, and Yan died.

6. In 221 BC, Qin sent Wang Ben to lead his troops to attack Qi from north to south, captured Qi Wang Jian, and died in Qi.

1. In 230 B.C., Nei Shi Teng led his troops to destroy Korea, captured Han and returned to Wang An, and the obtained Han land was placed in Yingchuan County, and Han died.

2. In 228 BC, the Qin army invaded Handan, the capital of Zhao State, and Zhao Wangqian was forced to surrender to Qin, and Zhao Po.

3. In 227 B.C., Dan, the prince of Yan Leak and Missing Limbs, sent Jing Ke to assassinate the King of Qin in an attempt to pretend to be Bi, and the King of Qin immediately sent Wang Jian to lead his troops to attack Yan.

4. In 226 BC, Wang Jian broke through Yandu Ji, King Yan killed the prince Dan to seek peace, and Yan Po.

5. In 225 B.C., Wang Ben led an army of 600,000 to attack Wei, surrounded the Wei capital Daliang, and led the Yellow River chasm to irrigate Daliang.

6. In 224 BC, Wang Jian led an army of 100,000 to attack the state of Chu. A year later, the Chu army was demoralized and short of food and grass, so it withdrew from the front. Wang Jian took the opportunity to pursue, eliminated the main force of the Chu army, occupied the Chu capital Shouchun, and captured the king of Chu.

Wang Jian led the army to cross the Yangtze River, pacified the south of the Yangtze River, destroyed the Yue State and placed Huiji County, and Chu died.

7. In 222 BC, Wang Ben conquered Liaodong and captured Yan Wang Xi; Then he defeated Daicheng and captured Wang Jia. Yan and Zhao were completely destroyed.

8. In 221 BC, Wang Ben led his army south to attack the Qi State, and Qi Wangjian surrendered and died.