What does Peking Opera Zhongsheng refer to? What does Xiaosheng mean in Peking Opera?

Sheng refers to male characters, which are divided into old students, small students, and martial students. Old students generally focus on singing, and small students refer to young characters, and are subdivided into scarf students, poor students, and official students. Wusheng refers to the characters who know martial arts, and there are two types: long and short.

Wusheng can also be divided into Wu Laosheng, which refers to the older Wusheng. Wu Xiaosheng refers to young martial artists.

Peking Opera Zhongsheng refers to male characters other than clean and ugly. The name of the sheng was first seen in the Song and Yuan Southern operas, referring to the male protagonist in the play, which was equivalent to the end of the Yuan miscellaneous opera, and after the Qing Dynasty, it evolved into four branches: old students, small students, foreign students, and the end of the opera, according to the attributes of the characters they played, character traits and performance characteristics, they can be roughly divided into old students, small students, foreign students, the end, martial arts, and doll students.

Lao Sheng mainly plays the role of a middle-aged and above positive character with an upright and resolute personality, because he wears more mustaches, so he is also known as Xu Sheng, commonly known as Beard Sheng. Peking Opera Lao Shengxing is also divided into singing Lao Sheng, Lao Sheng, Lao Sheng, Wu Lao Sheng, and another line of Hongsheng, mainly playing Guan Yu, Zhao Kuangyin, etc., because of the red face, so it is also called Hongsheng.

Xiaosheng plays the role of a young male, divided into fold Zisheng (Fan Sheng), Guansheng, Poor Sheng, Pheasant Tail Sheng (Ling Zisheng), Wu Xiaosheng, etc. Externally refers to the secondary role of the student, which does not show definite character traits, but only pays equal attention to singing, reading, and doing in Chinese dramas.

At the end, it followed the name of southern opera and northern miscellaneous opera, and now most of the operas have been merged into the old shengxing. Wusheng plays a character who is good at martial arts, and is divided into two categories: long-term martial arts and short-fought martial arts. Dolls play children's roles, and there are also doll martial arts in Peking Opera.

Peking Opera Xiaosheng is a branch of Peking Opera, mainly playing young men, and is one of the important professions of Peking Opera, especially with the theme of love"Shengdan play"(i.e., the heroes and heroines are both young people), and it is one of the leading actors, and the uniqueness of Peking Opera Xiaosheng reflects the essential characteristics of Peking Opera performing arts.

1. Wen Xiaosheng is divided into the following categories: robes and ribbons, fans, lingzi, poor students, etc. The robe and belt student can also be called the yarn hat student, playing the role of a young man who is an ordinary official.

Most of these characters are literati, and after they are played, they can neither be murderous, rude, or childish, but they look quite innocent and lively, which is not good.

2, there are also Wu Xiaosheng, some Wu Xiaosheng are also played by Ling Zisheng. Wu Xiaosheng, who is purely hail, is also divided into two kinds: one is Wu Xiaosheng who wears long and leans, such as Yang Zaixing in "Xiaoshang River", etc., all belong to this kind of role.

There is also a kind of short-fought Wu Xiaosheng, who wears short clothes. Judging from the kung fu of martial arts, it is similar to Wusheng, but singing and speaking are all done in Xiaosheng's method, that is, with Xiaosheng's true and false voices. In some of the frames and shapes, there are also some differences with Wusheng.

For example, Shi Xiu in "Shixiu Exploring the Village", Li Cunxiao in "Yaguanlou", etc., all belong to this kind of role.

According to traditional habits, there are two kinds of branch methods: "sheng, dan, jing, ugly" and "sheng, dan, net, end, ugly". Each profession has a branch of hard work, each with its own basic fixed role and performance characteristics.

Among them, "Dan" is the general term for female characters, and "Sheng", "Jing", and the two lines are male characters; In the "ugly" line, except for sometimes playing both ugly and old, most of them are male characters.

Generally speaking, the makeup of "sheng" and "dan" is to apply a little fat powder to achieve the effect of beautification, and this kind of makeup is called "handsome", also called "plain face" or "cleansing". It is characterized by the "one face of a thousand people", which means that the facial makeup of all "raw" characters is roughly the same.

No matter how many characters there are, it looks like a face from the face makeup; The facial makeup of the characters in the "Dan" line is also similar no matter how many characters there are. The personalities of the characters of "Sheng" and "Dan" are mainly expressed by performances and costumes.

<>1. Last: refers to older men.

2. The last corner, a kind of traditional opera, mainly plays middle-aged and elderly male characters. This kind of last line of work was originally in the Song Dynasty miscellaneous dramas, and in the Yuan miscellaneous dramas and Ming and Qing legends, the last line of the industry was also retained.

3. The division of the Beijing matching drama industry in later generations also inherited this tradition, and was divided into sheng, dan, net, end, and ugly. With the changes of the times, the last line is gradually attributed to the Peiru source line. The end mainly plays the role of some secondary roles in the life line, such as janitors, old clerks, etc.

At the end of the performance, it is not mainly singing, but mainly rubber mold workmanship, commonly known as "Lizi Laosheng" or "Erlu Laosheng".

Chinese Peking Opera, also known as "Pi Huang", is composed of two basic tones, "Xipi" and "Erhuang", and also sings some local tunes (such as Liuzi cavity, blowing cavity, etc.) and Kunqu opera cards. It was formed in Beijing around 1840 and flourished in the 20th century.

In the thirties and forties, it was sometimes known as "national drama".

The basic knowledge of Peking Opera is as follows:

1. Peking Opera has a set of standardized artistic expressions in literature, performance, stage art and other aspects.

2. The roles of Peking Opera are divided into sheng, dan, jing, ugly, miscellaneous, martial, liu and other professions, and the singing cavity belongs to the plate variant, with the second reed and xipi as the main vocal cavity.

3. Songkai's Peking Opera accompaniment is divided into two categories: the literary field and the martial arts field, with the huqin as the main instrument and the drum board as the main instrument in the literary field.

4. In the performance, Peking Opera has the saying of "four skills and five methods", that is, "singing, reading, doing, playing (dancing)", hands, eyes, body, law, and steps".

Characteristics of Peking Opera

Peking Opera is characterized by mellow charm and intriguing, and the artistic means of creating a stage image are very rich, and the aesthetic requirements for creating a stage image of holding filial piety are also higher, and it has reached the artistic realm of "conveying the spirit with form, and having both form and spirit". The performance is required to be delicate and delicate, and it is full of plays; The singing is required to be melodious and euphemistic, and the voice is full of emotion; Martial arts is not to win with fire and bravery, but to "martial arts singing".