How does a stethoscope listen to the lungs? The role of the stethoscope

Auscultation of the lungs, mainly to listen to the sound of the lungs, if there is a murmur, it may be lung inflammation.

Inaudible. The main function of the stethoscope is to hear whether there is pneumonia, but the accuracy of the stethoscope is not too high, and it can roughly judge whether there is pneumonia. If pneumonia is to be confirmed, a chest x-ray and routine blood tests are done.

If the stethoscope is not good at judging the type of disease, then it is necessary to go to the hospital for a chest x-ray. If you have pneumonia**, you also need to use antibiotics and drugs to suppress cough and reduce phlegm, so that you can control the condition, and pay attention to keeping warm and avoiding cold.

Precautions for using a stethoscope.

When used, the auscultation head diaphragm must remain intact and must not be loosened.

When not in use, the stethoscope should be placed in a dry and ventilated room, and it is strictly forbidden to contact acid, alkali or corrosive materials, so as not to corrode the equipment and shorten the service life.

The ear part of the stethoscope must be frequently wiped and disinfected with alcohol to prevent contamination.

1. Diagnose and monitor the patient's respiratory tract, and follow the spine and anterior ring system (internal medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics, animal hospitals at all levels), which can be used to listen to the breath sounds of the lungs and identify intrapulmonary lesions.

2. Cardiovascular, it can be used to listen to heart rate, heart sounds, vascular bruits, etc. Blood pressure is also measured with a stethoscope. Sakura Kiyoshi.

3. It can also be used to auscultate fetal heart sounds.

4. The stethoscope is the most commonly used diagnostic tool for internal and external gynecologists and pediatricians, and it is the symbol of the physician, and modern medicine began with the invention of the stethoscope. Since the stethoscope was used in clinical practice on March 8, 1817, the shape and sound transmission method have been continuously improved and crack-resistant, but its basic structure has not changed much, mainly composed of a pickup part (chest piece), a conduction part (hose) and a listening part (ear piece).

(1) Breath sounds, you should be familiar with the characteristics of the three breath sounds. During auscultation, pay attention to the nature of the voice and the intensity of the voice, the pitch and the length of the phase during the inspiratory period.

Bronchial breath sounds are similar to those produced by raising the tip of the tongue and opening the mouth to exhale air"Hah" ("ha") tone. It is characterized by a longer expiratory phase than the inspiratory phase, a stronger tone, and a higher pitch. It is normally audible in the larynx, suprasternal fossa, back 6 and 7 cervical vertebrae, and near the 1st and 2nd thoracic vertebrae.

Alveolar breath sounds: similar to those produced when the upper teeth bite the lower lip and inhale'husband" ("fu-fu"The sound is soft, like the sound of a breeze. It is characterized by a sound that is longer than exhalation, strong and high-pitched, and short, weak and low-pitched during expiratory periods, which can be heard in both normal lung fields.

Bronchoalveolar breath sounds: characterised by inspiratory sounds that resemble alveolar breath sounds, but are higher pitched and louder. Expiratory sounds resemble those of bronchial breathing, but are weaker in intensity.

The pitch is slightly lower. The sounds of inhalation and exhalation are almost equal in time, degree and pitch. Normally, this sound can be heard in the 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces on both sides of the sternum, at the level of the 3rd and 4th thoracic vertebrae in the interscapular region, and in the anterior and posterior parts of the lung apex.

2) Rales: dry rales. Wet rales.

3) Voice resonance, ask the patient to resonate**"yi"Long sounds, while auscultating in symmetrical parts of the chest, can normally hear soft, indistinct sounds, syllables are indistinguishable.

4) Pleural friction rub: When the pleura is inflamed, the surface of the pleura is rough, which is similar to the sound heard by covering the ears with one hand and rubbing the hands with the fingertips. It is most common on both axillary sides.

Dizzy, I'm afraid this question was raised by people in our industry... Everyone's diagnostics ???