Regarding the English translation of mechanical annotations, please help

A single operation step is the most basic building block of any operation. The definition of a single operation step means that when the surface has been produced under certain conditions, the operation is completed, and the cutting parameters (including cutting speed and feed) and cutting tools remain unchanged. When any of the cutting parameters are changed, it becomes another operation step.

When several surfaces of a part are produced at the same time, this becomes a combined operation step.

The reason why the operation is divided into several steps is to make complex operations easier to analyze and describe, to prevent production is more efficient, and to facilitate the calculation of operation time.

Cutting passes. When the metal to be removed is relatively large, then several cutting transfers need to be carried out. A cut pass is an operation step in which a tool cuts the surface under specific cutting parameters.

Assemble. Before the part is machined, it must have a corresponding position suitable for the cutting tool and be clamped and fixed by the tool. This process is called positioning.

Completing a single location is a single step. A step is part of the operation. Each action may have a single step or several steps.

The number of steps in the same operation should be as small as possible, not only to increase productivity, but also to reduce the occurrence of production errors when performing the steps.

Processing steps. The processing step is the basic unit in the process flow of the processing process. The so-called processing step refers to a single machining process that can be completed under the premise that the following three conditions remain the same:

The surface to be machined.

Cutting parameters (including cutting speed, depth of feed).

The type of cutting tool.

Once any of the above conditions change, the changed machining process is another machining step. If multiple surfaces of a component are machined at the same time, it is called a composite machining step.

The purpose of decomposing the machining process into processing steps is to simplify the complex machining process and make it more convenient to analyze and describe; At the same time, it is possible to organize production more efficiently and calculate man-hours.

Cutting feed. When the amount of metal that needs to be removed by cutting is large, it is generally necessary to perform multiple cutting advances. Cutting feed is a kind of machining step, which refers to the machining step completed by a single type of tool on the same surface according to the same cutting parameters.

Before the installation can be machined on the workpiece, the workpiece must be maintained in the correct position and angle relative to the cutting tool and fixed by the fixtures of the machined tool. This process is called fastening. The machining process that takes place after completing a fastening process is called a single installation.

Installation is also part of the machining process. Each machining process requires one or more installations. For a single machining process, we should reasonably arrange the number of installations to minimize them; This not only increases productivity, but also reduces production errors caused by installation.

The ratio of the length to diameter of the casing is important. Permissible Bering Sea pressure per square inch of projected area. Products with nominal bore lengths are defined as projected areas. The L and D dimensions shown in the figure.

This type of pure and simple bearing. The l-d ratio is rarely less than 1. If it's too small, lubrication becomes a real problem.

If the ratio is greater than 4, there may be alignment issues and additional lubrication issues. In general, the ratio of the most practical value of lunch and dinner between 1 and a half and 2 decreases. Many "off-the-shelf" buses hang within this range.

The size of this machine C with a discharge volume is 68mm, the size of this machine c with a discharge volume is 75mm, and the size of this machine C with a discharge volume is 86mm.

Discharge volume C size 68mm

Discharge volume C size 75mm

Discharge volume: C size 86mm