The principle of hydrogen fuel vehicles, what is the working principle of hydrogen powered vehicles?

It is known that hydrogen molecules combine with oxygen molecules through combustion to produce heat energy and water. Hydrogen fuel cells generate electricity by combining liquid hydrogen with oxygen in the air, and hydrogen fuel cells can generate electricity to propel cars, provide electricity for home or industry, or as batteries for mobile phones. The principle is simple to say, but if you analyze it in detail, you will find that the process of refining hydrogen fuel is very complex and the energy consumption is very high.

Hydrogen internal combustion vehicles are different from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Hydrogen combustion engines are a slightly modified version of conventional gasoline combustion engines. Hydrogen internal combustion burns hydrogen directly and is not emitted using other fuels or producing water vapor.

The problem with these cars is that they run out of hydrogen fuel very quickly. Cylinders filled with hydrogen can only travel for miles and quickly run out of energy.

On the other hand, various methods are being studied to reduce the amount of space consumed, such as with liquid hydrogen or hydrides. In 1807, Isaacderivas built the first hydrogen internal combustion vehicle. Unfortunately, the design was not successful.

BMW's hydrogen internal combustion vehicles have more power and are faster than hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. BMW's hydrogen car set the record for the highest speed of a hydrogen car at 300 kilometers per hour. Mastercard is already developing a hydrogen-burning rotary engine.

The rotor engine rotates repeatedly, so hydrogen burns from the opening in different parts of the engine, reducing the problem of the abrupt hydrogen fuel piston engine. In 1990, Japan's Musashi Institute of Technology exhibited a hydrogen-fired car using a liquid hydrogen storage tank at the 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conference. It is converted from a Nissan car and uses a liquid hydrogen tank with a volume of 100L and a total weight of 60kg, which can travel at 100km h and exhaust without CO2.

A Chinese-developed urban energy-efficient bus that uses a mixture of hydrogen and gasoline was tested. Other major automakers, such as General Motors and Daimlerchrysler, have invested in slower, weaker, but more efficient hydrogen fuel cells.

An experiment that allows you to understand the principle of hydrogen fuel for automobiles.

The so-called hydrogen energy.

It is not that there is a large amount of hydrogen on the earth, which can be "extracted" to be used as an energy source, but that water can be produced by photolysis to replace oil, electricity and other energy sources.

Hydrogen has many advantages as an energy source. Water can be produced by photolysis to obtain hydrogen, and the reserves of water are large and relatively low; Hydrogen fuel is burned to produce water, which is a harmless and very clean energy source. Hydrogen has less loss than electricity in storage and transportation, and the calorific value of hydrogen combustion.

High, 1 kg of hydrogen combustion produces the same amount of heat as 3 kg of gasoline or kg of coke.

However, in the application, the storage and transportation of hydrogen and the use of solar energy to split water to produce hydrogen have always been the bottlenecks restricting the development of hydrogen energy.

Let's talk about fuel cells. It is the chemical energy that is put in the fuel.

An energy conversion device that is directly converted into electrical energy, and has a positive and negative electrodes and an electrolyte in appearance.

etc., like a storage battery, but in essence it cannot "store electricity", but a small "power plant". There are also many types of fuel cells, and after years of exploration, the most promising one for use in automobiles is the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. It works by:

Hydrogen gas is sent to the negative electrode, and after the action of a catalyst (platinum), hydrogen atoms.

The two electrons are separated. These two electrons, attracted by the positive electrode, generate an electric current through an external circuit. Hydrogen ions (protons) that have lost electrons can pass through the proton exchange membrane (i.e., solid electrolyte) and recombine with oxygen atoms and electrons at the positive electrode to become water.

Since oxygen can be obtained from the air, as long as the anode is continuously supplied with ** hydrogen and the water (steam) is taken away in time, the fuel cell can continuously provide electrical energy.

At present, the utilization of hydrogen energy is mainly hydrogen fuel cells.

Its distinguishing feature from electric vehicles is that they do not have bulky battery loads and the range is not limited by electric power. Therefore, hydrogen fuel cells can be said to be an excellent driving power. Cars powered by this power are called hydrogen-powered cars with zero pollution.

Generally, hydrogen fuel cells output electrical energy to drive the operation of the car.

Now a number of automobile companies have begun to develop hydrogen fuel vehicles, because although hydrogen is relatively stable, it will react with many gases and become flammable objects, so it is very dangerous, many people are curious, how is this hydrogen fuel added to the car? Toyota in Japan has developed hydrogen fuel vehicles, and has built a hydrogen refueling station in Japan, and has also built a hydrogen refueling station in Foshan, China, hoping that more people will understand hydrogen fuel vehicles. Let's take a look at how hydrogen refueling stations in Tokyo refuel cars.

How hydrogen-powered fuel cells work.

In fact, the working principle of hydrogen power fuel cell is very simple, that is, the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank and oxygen produce electricity and water, and the electric energy starts the engine to generate kinetic energy, thereby driving the car.

Hydrogen energy vehiclesThe working principle is to decompose hydrogen between two electrodes to form protons, protons and oxygen react at the cathode to form water, and electrons are captured by the medium between the electrodes, forming an electric current to provide energy for the engine.

The only waste generated in this process is water, which is why hydrogen is considered the cleanest source of energy. In order to prevent the occurrence of a collision, hydrogen is stored in a "gas box" made of two layers of 2 mm thick steel plates to ensure safety.

As early as the 80s of the 20th century, the German company Mercedes-Benz developed 10 hydrogen-powered cars.

And the actual operation was carried out. Japan's latest liquid hydrogen.

For fueled cars, computer-controlled pumps and valves are used to keep the temperature of liquid hydrogen at a constant temperature until the engine is ignited, and the speed can reach 125 kilometers per hour.

Hydrogen-fueled vehicles refer to vehicles that are powered by hydrogen as the primary energy source. Generally, cars use gasoline or diesel as fuel for internal combustion engines, while hydrogen fuel vehicles use gaseous hydrogen as fuel for internal combustion engines. There are 3 ways in which hydrogen internal combustion engines can be used in automobiles.

Pure hydrogen internal combustion engines only produce NOx, but there is deflagration at medium and high loads, and the amount of NOx generated is much greater than that of gasoline engines, the engine power is limited, the hydrogen consumption is large, and the driving mileage is short, these problems need to be further studied and solved.

Hydrogen gasoline dual-fuel internal combustion engine, which can flexibly choose gasoline or hydrogen to enter the pure gasoline or pure hydrogen internal combustion engine mode according to the storage status of the fuel.

Hydrogen-gasoline dual-fuel internal combustion engine, a small amount of hydrogen can be mixed with air as a gasoline additive, and the hydrogen diffusion rate is large, which can promote the evaporation, atomization and mixing with air of gasoline; Reactive free radicals are generated during the combustion of hydrogen, which can significantly accelerate the flame propagation speed of gasoline, obtain greater thermal efficiency, and produce lower emissions.

The working principle of the engine of a car powered by hydrogen is that hydrogen decomposes between two electrodes to form protons, protons and oxygen react at the cathode to form water, and electrons are captured by the medium between the electrodes to form an electric current to provide energy for the engine. The only waste generated in this process is water, which is why hydrogen is considered the cleanest source of energy.

In order to prevent the occurrence of ** in the event of a collision, hydrogen is stored in a "gas box" made of 2 layers of 2 mm thick steel plates to ensure safety.

As early as the 80s of the 20th century, the German company Mercedes-Benz developed 10 hydrogen-powered cars and put them into practical operation. Japan's latest development of liquid hydrogen-fueled cars uses computer-controlled pumps and valves to keep the temperature of liquid hydrogen at a constant temperature before the engine is ignited, and the speed can reach 125 kilometers per hour. GM and BMW have also introduced hydrogen-powered vehicles.

BMW's hydrogen-powered vehicles are converted from its BW7 series and reach a top speed of 226 kilometers per hour and a one-time refueling range of 350 kilometers. Although the prospect of hydrogen-powered vehicles is promising, its technical conditions are high, and it will take time to truly enter the practical stage.

Opel hydrogen car.

The principle of hydrogen energy vehicles is that hydrogen fuel cells generate electricity by combining liquid hydrogen with oxygen in the air, and the hydrogen fuel cells made according to this principle can generate electricity and be used to propel cars.

Hydrogen energy vehicles are vehicles with hydrogen as the main energy as a moving car, the general internal combustion engine, usually injected with diesel or gasoline, hydrogen vehicles instead of gas hydrogen, fuel cells and electric motors will replace the general engine, the lead model is hydrogen fuel cell. Hydrogen is a slow material that can replace petroleum, and its combustion products are water and small amounts of nitrogen oxides, which cause little air pollution. Hydrogen can be produced in large quantities from the gasification of electrolysis of water and coal, and does not require major modifications to automobile engines, so hydrogen energy vehicles have broad application prospects.

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are vehicles that generate electric current from hydrogen fuel cells and rotate the electric motor to drive the car. The fuel carried by the car is not gasoline, but hydrogen from a gas tank, and the oxygen that reacts with the hydrogen comes from the air.

The principle of hydrogen fuel cells must be in the encyclopedia, and it is more detailed, so I will not repeat it here. The general car owner is usually not concerned about the principle of the battery, but the life of the battery, whether it is easy to repair and maintain, whether it is safe, the mileage of refueling hydrogen, whether the hydrogen refueling station is easy to find, the ** of hydrogen, the ** of the car, etc.

Hope, thank you.