The structure of the four rivers returning to the church, where the water of the four waters returni

Patio building is the most common traditional architectural form in the southern region, is the main body of the internal lighting system of the building group, is the core of the drainage and ventilation organization in the traditional residential buildings in the south, and is also an important component of the traditional architectural image in southern China.

Direct lighting means that the windows are opened directly outward; Indirect lighting refers to the opening of windows facing enclosed corridors, halls and kitchens with direct lighting.

<> patio is rich in style, intricate carving, exquisite craftsmanship, from the shape of the opening, there are square, rectangular, and round; From the perspective of the space on all sides, there are walled and enclosed houses, and the width of the cloth mouth is different, forming a transitional leisure space between the main hall and the foyer.

<> ever-changing patio, composed of a wellhead, a well, and a bright hall, objectively between the main hall and the foyer, forming a transitional transparent space, which is completely different from the concealment of the inner room and the solemnity of the hall.

The bottom of the well is mostly paved with local purple or sesame granite. The well body is composed of a hall, a pavilion and a roof. The space is hedged by high and low, and the interior is mostly paved with stone slabs to suit the warm and humid climate of the south of the Yangtze River.

Traditional patio dwellings are generally mainly one-storey and two-storey, with a small number of three-storey or more three-storey dwellings, and through the organization of patios, a circular alternation of fully enclosed and open spaces at the top is formed, showing an orderly, rich and changeable space form.

The traditional residential patio embodies the importance of space in the building, and after thousands of years of baptism, the courtyard has an enlightening effect on the spatial design of modern cultural buildings, whether in terms of spatial form, or in the functions of lighting, shading, ventilation, and drainage in the building.

The individual buildings of the Sishui Guitang style house are based on the traditional "room" as the basic unit, and the number of house openings is mostly odd, generally three or five. Each room is 3 4 meters wide and has a depth of five to nine purlins, each with a depth of 1 meter. Each single building is connected by a corridor, and together with the courtyard wall, it forms a closed courtyard.

However, in order to facilitate ventilation, most of the windows are opened on the courtyard wall, and the front and rear windows of the house are also opened. This kind of house that adapts to the topography, makes full use of the space, has a flexible layout, is beautiful in shape, and uses materials reasonably, showing a fresh and lively appearance.

Rainwater flows into the patio from the roofs on all sides.

On both sides of the gate are two drum stones, which are architectural decoration pieces with the characteristics of Chinese mansions, which can be used as symbols of mansion gates. In ancient times, it was the gate of the Chinese house"Either expensive or rich"The door symbol can show the identity of the owner.

Entering the house from the gate, you will see a patio, the design of the four water return to the church, the water symbolizes the wealth of the four water return to the hall has the meaning of gathering wealth. There are 2 bedrooms and a living room on the first floor, and the second floor is the master bedroom and 2 secondary bedrooms.

The large aluminum windows with broken bridges not only ensure the lighting and ventilation of the interior, but also isolate the noise and ash layer from the outside.

There is also a kitchen on the first floor, a dining room is convenient for family meals, and the atrium has a large living room to pick up and entertain guests, and there is a room for the elderly on the right side, with a large window to ensure indoor lighting and ventilation.

The elderly room is also equipped with a similar induction night light and twin room design, which is convenient for the elderly to live and allow the elderly to live without affecting each other.

Highlight the temperament of the owner and the momentum of the house, achieve a two-storey height gatehouse, increase the sense of volume of the gatehouse, and make this small courtyard show the atmosphere and have the momentum of a large family.

On the second floor, several bedrooms are connected by a verandah terrace, allowing for both scenic and sheltered rain and snow weather.

Courtyard house, also known as courtyard house, is a traditional courtyard style building in China, its pattern is a courtyard with houses on all sides, and the courtyard is enclosed in the middle from all sides, so it is called courtyard house.

The quadrangle is the house in front of the triple courtyard and the gatehouse is added to close it. If it is in the shape of a "mouth", it is called a courtyard; The "day" shaped one is called the Erjin courtyard; The "目" shaped one is called the three-entry courtyard.

Generally speaking, in the courtyard, the first entry is the gate house, the second entry is the hall, the third entry or the back entry is the private room or boudoir, which is the activity space of women or dependents, and ordinary people are not allowed to enter at will. The deeper the courtyard, the less you can peep into it.

Courtyard houses have a history of at least 3,000 years and are of many types throughout China, with the Beijing courtyard house being a typical example. Courtyard houses are usually inhabited by large families, providing a more private courtyard space from the outside world, and their architecture and layout reflect the traditional Chinese idea of hierarchy and the five elements of yin and yang.

In modern times, with the change of family structure and social concepts, the livability of traditional courtyard houses has been challenged. In the process of urban planning, traditional courtyard houses also face the contradiction of protection and development, some of which are listed as cultural relics protection units, while others are also demolished.

Sishui Guitang means that Jiangyou dwellings and Jiangnan dwellings have a unique Fuyin plane layout.

Sishui Guitang's architectural style concept is based on the scientific idea of the unity of nature and man in Zhejiang culture, with compact layout and small courtyard area to adapt to the characteristics of high local population density and less farmland.

The door of the residence is mostly open on the central axis, the main house facing is the hall, and the back yard is often built with two floors. The small courtyard enclosed by quadrangle houses is commonly known as a patio, which is only used for lighting and drainage. Because the rainwater on the inner slope of the roof flows into the patio from all sides, it means that the water accompanies the heart of heaven, and it is called the key to the hall of the four waters.

Features:

The main house of the first courtyard of this kind of residence is often a hall, the courtyard is slightly open, the hall is more open, and the patio is connected with the inside and outside. Generally, the north and south facing south are the main house, which is the residence of the elders, and the east and west sides are often equipped with side rooms, which are the houses of sons and daughters-in-law, and the houses on the south side are gatehouses. The main houses on the north side are mostly buildings, and the patios are deeper but smaller.

The roof is paved with small green tiles, and the horse's head wall. The interior is mostly paved with stone slabs to suit the warm and humid climate of the south of the Yangtze River. Jiangnan water town houses are often built near the water, with the front door leading to the alley, the back door facing the water, and each family has its own wharf for washing, drawing water and getting on and off the boat.

Four rivers return to the church, especially in the southern Anhui region, the slope of the roof of the dwelling is oblique to the courtyard, in the rainy season, the rainwater drips from the eaves to the ground, forming a pattern of confluence surrounding, the wealth of the four directions is like the water in the sky, a steady stream flows into the courtyard wall, it is not only a place of storage, but also a symbol of wealth, implying that the water gathers the heart of heaven and gathers the harmony, so it is called "the four waters return to the hall".

Jiangnan houses are an important part of traditional Chinese residential architecture, Jiangsu and Zhejiang water towns pay attention to the front street and back river, but whether it is the Han nationality in the south or the north, the common feature of its traditional houses is to sit in the north and face south, pay attention to the internal lighting; Wooden beams are used to bear loads, and bricks, stones, and earth are used to build parapets; Centered on the hall house, it is known for its carved beams and decorative roofs and cornices.

The general layout of Jiangnan dwellings is roughly the same as that of the courtyard houses in the north, except that the general layout is compact, and the courtyard covers a small area, so as to adapt to the characteristics of the local population density and the requirement to occupy less farmland.

This is different from the positive understanding, the courtyard is a square house with almost the top of the east, west, north and south directions, but the water returns to the hall, and the water returns to one place from all directions.

There are four words for the four waters.

There are three words for the courtyard.

The identification is different, although they are all hung up with a four-stage interconnection, and the middle is different.