Which type of porcelain product is better?

Five famous kiln treasures "Ru, Guan, Ge, Jun, Ding".

Pay attention to the following when buying ceramic tile products:

Inspection: Please check whether the product is in the box and address, **as well as the product name, specification, grade, quantity, trademark, production date and execution standard. Check whether there is a factory certificate, whether the product is damaged, and the quality of the product in the box is consistent with the content on the box.

In addition, if necessary, obtain an inspection report of the product. In addition, consumers can choose between free products and Chinese famous brand products, which are of better quality.

See: *** The glazed tiles should be flat, delicate, glossy glaze crystal luster, matte glaze soft and comfortable. In sufficient natural light or fluorescent lamps, tiles viewed vertically at a distance of 1 meter should not see obvious defects in the glaze.

The pattern of the color pattern of the brick should be fine and realistic, without obvious defects such as lack of color, broken lines, and dislocation. High-quality shading, logos and other clear, complete, few traces of enamel or defects on the back of ceramic products. The size deviation of a good product is small, and the product is in the vertical plane, number, to see if there is any uneven phenomenon.

Look at the degree program, but the two sides of the bricks are close together to see if there are any gaps. After the good product is deformed, the pavement brick is smooth and beautiful. Seeing the color of the product, take a few bricks and put them together, take a closer look at the sufficient light, and the overall effect of poor paving after the shade of color between the products of the product.

Listen: Gently tap the tiles and listen to their voices, the crisp and pleasant sound of the better quality product. The product has a "empty" sound when it hits due to the poor quality of the raw materials of the incorrect preparation, the firing cycle is short, and the firing temperature is low.

Ratio: To shop around, compare and intrinsic quality. The size of the tiles is the same, the weight of the large water absorption is low, and the internal quality is also very good.

Difference Between Pottery and Porcelain.

330 Pottery and porcelain are everyday items that people often come into contact with, and sometimes they look similar on the surface, but after all, they have their own characteristics and differences. Pottery is generally made of clay. The temperature at which the pottery is fired is roughly between 900 and 1050 degrees.

If the temperature is too high, the pottery will be burned out and deformed. The texture of the carcass of pottery is relatively loose and has many pores, so it has strong water absorption. The surface of general pottery is unglazed, and even if there is glaze, it is a low-temperature glaze.

The history of firing pottery in Japan is about 10,000 years. In the primitive society, the manufacture of pottery began by kneading it by hand to make a certain shape, and later developed into a clay strip of the same thickness, and then the clay strip disc was built into a certain shape, and the inside and outside were smoothed by hand. By the time of the patriarchal society, the wheel system appeared.

After entering the feudal society, the molding method was invented, that is, the clay was filled into the mold and the whole shape of the utensils was taken out. It is speculated that the most primitive method of firing was the stack firing method, in which the sun-dried clay blanks were burned in the open firewood. Six or seven thousand years ago, pottery kilns began to be used to fire pottery.

According to the color of the pottery, the cultural relics and archaeologists divide the pottery into red pottery, gray pottery, painted pottery, white pottery, painted pottery, black pottery and glazed pottery. Red pottery is the most common type of pottery in primitive societies, and its color is like red bricks. This is in the kiln, full of gas, the formation of an oxidizing atmosphere, so that the iron in the clay into trivalent iron, it will appear red.

Gray pottery refers to the gray or gray-black color of the pottery. This is in the later stage of the kiln, the fire is controlled, the reducing atmosphere is formed, due to the lack of oxygen in the kiln, the oxide of iron in the clay is converted into bivalent iron, and the pottery will be gray or black. Gray pottery is the most common and is generally coarse.

Painted pottery is the pottery before entering the kiln, painted on the pottery blank, after firing there are ochre, black, white and other colors. The human-faced fish-patterned basin at the Banpo site in Xi'an is an example. White pottery, that is, white pottery, which was only available in the late Neolithic period, is mainly due to the low iron oxide content in the clay, which excludes the interference of some pigments and makes it white.

Painted pottery is also colored, and the difference between it and painted pottery is that the pottery is colored after firing. Because the color has not been roasted, it is not firmly bonded with the green body and is easy to fall off. The Qin terracotta warriors and horses unearthed in Xi'an belong to the painted pottery.

Black pottery refers to shiny and pitch-black pottery, which is mainly seen in the matrilineal clan social stage. This is done in the later stage of roasting, so that the carbon particles in the smoke penetrate and fill the voids of the pottery, so that it can appear black. Some of the black pottery products have walls as thin as eggshells, and they are called "eggshell pottery," which is very valuable.

Glazed pottery refers to pottery with a layer of lime glaze on the surface of the pottery. The main components of the glaze are silicon oxide, alumina, calcium oxide, sodium oxide, etc., which can be prepared with lime and clay, and it is in a glassy state after melting. If some metal oxides such as copper oxide and cobalt oxide are added to the glaze, green, blue and other colors will appear after roasting.

1. Monochrome glazed porcelain: plain porcelain (including celadon, black porcelain, white porcelain, and blue and white porcelain) and color glazed porcelain.

2. Celadon: also called green porcelain, the glaze contains iron oxide, which is the earliest porcelain, and the most famous is the Longquan kiln when it developed to the Song Dynasty.

3. Black porcelain: also called Tianmu porcelain, it is fired by increasing the iron content on the basis of celadon, and the famous ones are Jianyao and Deqing kiln.

4. White porcelain: due to the low iron content and the formation of transparent glaze, the most famous are Ding kiln and Xing kiln, the emergence of white porcelain made it possible to paint on porcelain, so it laid the foundation for the development of colored porcelain.

5. Qingbai porcelain: also called shadow blue, hidden blue, reflection blue, cover blue, etc., the glaze color is between green and white, white in white, white in flashing blue, like ice jade.

6. Color glazed porcelain: refers to a glazed porcelain with color, which is fired in a closed state, and presents different colors of glaze due to the different content of iron oxide, copper oxide and other contents and different firing temperatures. Color glazed porcelain includes red glaze, sauce glaze, blue glaze, yellow glaze, green glaze, purple glaze, etc.

The difference between pottery and pure Shanshan porcelain is that the firing temperature is different, the hardness is different, the raw materials used are different, the transparency is different, and the glaze is different.

1. The firing temperature is different.

The firing temperature of pottery is generally lower than that of porcelain, with a minimum of less than 800 and a maximum of about 1100; The firing temperature of porcelain is relatively high, most of them are above 1200, and some of them even reach about 1400.

2. The degree of hardness is different.

The firing temperature of the pottery is low, the texture is not completely sintered, and there is a voice when knocking, the hardness of the carcass is not good, and the groove can also be cut with a steel knife; The porcelain firing temperature is high, the shell is basically sintered, the sound is clear when struck, and the surface of the shell is not easy to use ordinary steel knives to draw groove marks.

3. The raw materials used are different.

Pottery can be fired with general clay to make plain blanks, while porcelain requires the selection of specific materials, making blanks on the high ridge, if the firing temperature is the temperature stage required for pottery, it is pottery, for example, white pottery in ancient times was fired in this way.

4. Transparency is different.

The texture of the pottery is thin and lacks translucent and age characteristics. For example, the black pottery of the Longshan culture is as thin as an eggshell, but opaque; The carcass of porcelain, whether thin or thick, has the characteristic of being translucent.

5. The glaze is different.

There are unglazed and unglazed pottery, the glazed pottery glaze melts at a lower firing temperature, and there are two kinds of ceramic glaze, which can be fired with the carcass at a high temperature, or hung with a low-temperature glaze on a high-temperature plain firing tire, and fired at a low temperature for the second time.