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Plant tissue culture, plant somatic cell hybridization, animal cell culture, animal cell fusion, monoclonal antibody, embryo transfer, nuclear transfer, embryo segmentation, etc.
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There are two main categories of cell engineering: plant cell engineering and animal cell engineering.
Plant cell engineering includes: plant tissue culture, plant somatic cell hybridization, animal cell engineering includes: animal cell culture, animal cell fusion, monoclonal antibody, embryo transfer, nuclear transfer, embryo segmentation, etc.
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Plant cell engineering (including tissue culture, plant somatic cell hybridization, etc.) tissue culture is the foundation.
Animal cell engineering (including animal cell culture, nuclear transplantation, animal cell fusion, monoclonal antibodies, etc.) animal cell culture is the foundation.
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Animal and plant cell culture, cell fusion technology, monoclonal antibody technology, embryo transfer, artificial seeds, etc.
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Plant tissue culture Plant somatic cell hybridization Animal cell culture Monoclonal antibody Animal somatic cell hybridization Nuclear transfer Embryo transfer.
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Textile Biomaterials and Technology, Nonwoven Materials and Engineering, Textile Materials and Textile Design, Textile Composites.
I studied textiles, and now our teachers and biology teachers have interdisciplinary exchange and cooperation projects, from textile fiber raw materials to textile finishing can be related to biology, and the prospects are very promising. The technical content of nonwovens is not high. Textile design is never the best in the textile industry, everyone can not wear the same with it, right, enterprises can not do without these design talents.
Textile composite materials I am not very optimistic, textile composite materials this fast chemical material people research more, from the laboratory we learn textile on the basis and instruments are outdated.
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Nonwoven Materials and Engineering, Textile Biomaterials and Technology, Textile Composites, Textile Materials and Textile Design.
Because the textiles in the direction of taking are almost saturated, and the prospects of industrial textiles are promising, nonwovens are widely used in the industry. In addition, textile biomaterials and textile composites are also a direction in the future, but I feel that the technology is more advanced and the research is more troublesome, and it may take a postdoctoral degree to achieve something.
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Textile Biomaterials and Technology, Nonwoven Materials and Engineering, Textile Composites, Textile Materials and Textile Design.
Biomaterials are the way forward and are very promising. Others, too, are good, but they are all related to the textile industry, which is relatively poor. Although nonwoven materials and engineering are promising, their application range is limited and needs to be expanded. If you are a graduate student, you should first spin biomaterials.
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A, to put it mildly, should be a restriction enzyme that can only recognize a specific nucleotide sequence, similar to the same mistake (an amino acid can only be transported by one T RNA, wrong).
b, it should be 4 molecules of water, because it is a DNA double strand.
c, the word "increase" is corrected to the word "change". In addition, with the exception of animal cells and mycoplasma (a type of prokaryotes), all eukaryotic prokaryotic cells have a cell wall, in which the cell wall components are: 1
Plant: pectin and cellulose (plant cell wall is fully permeable) 2 prokaryotic: peptidoglycan 3
Fungus: chitin.
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Correct: c
Cal2 chemical method prepared competent cells, which was conducive to the introduction of target genes.
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Bioengineering technology includes five major projects, namely genetic engineering (genetic engineering), cell engineering, microbial engineering (fermentation engineering), enzyme engineering (biochemical engineering) and protein engineering.
1. Cell engineering is an important aspect of bioengineering. In general, it is the application of cell biology and molecular biology theories and methods to carry out genetic manipulation at the cellular level and large-scale cell and tissue culture according to the blueprint of human design.
2. Enzyme engineering, also known as protein engineering, refers to the application technology of establishing certain reactors and reaction conditions in industry and using the catalytic effect of enzymes to catalyze chemical reactions under certain conditions. Products or services that are required by UCE humans for other purposes.
3. Protein engineering is to obtain information about the physicochemical and molecular properties of proteins through the study of protein chemistry, protein crystallography and protein kinetics. On this basis, the genes encoding the protein are purposefully designed and modified, and the genes expressing the protein are obtained using genetic engineering technology.
Because of the biological system, this biological system can be genetically modified microorganisms, genetically modified plants, genetically modified animals, or even cellular systems.
4. Fermentation engineering refers to a new technology that uses modern engineering technology to produce useful products for human beings by using some specific functions of microorganisms, or directly applies microorganisms to industrial production processes. The content of fermentation engineering includes the selection of strains, the preparation of culture medium, sterilization, expansion of culture and inoculation, fermentation process and product separation and purification.
5. Genetic engineering, also known as gene splicing technology and DNA recombination technology, is based on molecular genetics and modern molecular biology and microbiology methods. Based on pre-designed in vitro blueprints, it constructs hybrid DNA molecules from different genes and then introduces them into living cells for modification. Original genetic traits, new varieties and new products were obtained.
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Bioengineering is biotechnology, including 1, genetic engineering, 2, cell engineering (including: cell culture, cell fusion, tissue culture, nuclear transplantation, organelle transplantation, etc.; 3. Microbial fermentation engineering.
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Genetic engineering, protein engineering, plant cell engineering (plant tissue culture, plant somatic cell hybridization) animal cell engineering (animal cell culture, nuclear transfer, animal cell fusion and monoclonal antibody preparation) embryo engineering: in vitro fertilization, early embryo culture, embryo transfer, embryo segmentation, stem cell culture.
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Genetic engineering, cloning technology, embryo engineering, ecological engineering.
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Assumptions and possible conclusions based on assumptions.
Derive possible biological principles based on hypotheses and possible conclusions to design experimental protocols.
Prove the hypothesis with experiments.
If the experiment fails, either because of the accuracy of the experiment or because of the wrong assumptions, new hypotheses need to be made and new protocols redesigned.
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Being able to orientally modify organisms is actually a technology.
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Overcome the obstacle of incompatibility between distant hybrids and orientally modify biological traits!
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Fast speed, early effect, and directed mutation.
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Genetic traits of targeted modified organisms.
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Sour milk is a fermented dairy product made of pure fresh milk with excellent lead and homogenized with sugar, sterilized by ultra-high temperature and fermented by lactic acid bacteria. During the fermentation process, the casein in fresh milk solidifies when exposed to acid and becomes an elastic curd, with a milky white color, fragrant smell, sweet and sour, and a unique flavor.
1: Prepare about one liter of fresh milk. A few raisins, a few jujubes, and a little sugar. Bottled yogurt with a pinch of it. (It's yogurt, not sour milk).
2: Boil fresh milk for about 5 minutes, add sugar according to personal taste. Raisins and red dates shredded and put in. Then let cool to about 30 degrees, add bottled yogurt and stir well. (The principle of boiling is sterilization, and the sealed boxed fresh milk does not need to be boiled, but it must be heated to about 30 degrees).
Three: Prepare a container that can be sealed, such as a glass basin with a lid and a large water cup. The purpose is to seal and serve conveniently when serving. A glass basin with a lid is best, and the gaps can be surrounded with a wet towel.
Four: Place the evenly stirred semi-finished product in a place with a temperature of about 30 degrees for fermentation. Chongqing has little sunlight in summer, but the outdoor temperature is high. It can also be placed in warm water, just heating it to 30 degrees every hour. (The time is about four hours).
Five: When the yogurt in the glass basin is tofu brain-shaped, it's OK. Avoid hot kefir. Place in the refrigerator to cool.
At the end of the whole journey, the most difficult thing is to control the temperature during fermentation, because the temperature determines the growth environment of lactic acid bacteria. Don't worry, most of the bacteria in the human gut are beneficial. Lactic acid bacteria are one of them.
Chongqing tastes spicy. Eating more lactic acid drinks helps the digestive system work properly. Secondly, do-it-yourself kefirt does not have various added ingredients.
In addition, if you can't finish the sour milk, you can put it in the refrigerator to keep it fresh, and don't use bottled yogurt when preparing it for the next time. This is the "yeast" that is called "yeast" when making steamed bread in the north.
Purpose of the study.
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In the Three Kingdoms, didn't Zhuge Liang say that Guan Zhang and the two of them, Zhang Fei was impatient, Guan Yu regarded the heroes of the world as grass mustard, and he died on this character.