What to know about Neptune, the knowledge of Neptune

Neptune (Latin: neptunium, symbol:

It is the far-sighted planet of the eight planets of the solar system. In order of planetary distance from the Sun, Neptune is the eighth planet, the fourth largest planet in diameter, and the third largest planet in mass.

Neptune (Latin: neptunium, symbol:

It is one of the eight planets in the solar system and the farthest planet from the sun in the known solar system. Neptune's orbital semi-major axis is an astronomical unit, its orbital period is years, its mass is Earth's mass (3rd, slightly larger than its nearest neighbor Uranus), and its radius is Earth's radius (4th).

Neptune's apparent magnitude is about equal at its highest level, which requires the help of an astronomical telescope to observe. Neptune is blue to the naked eye, and Westerners named it after Neptune, the god of the sea in Roman mythology. When Li Shanlan and others translated "Talking Heaven" in 1859, their Chinese translation was Neptune.

The chemical composition of Neptune's atmosphere is dominated by hydrogen molecules and helium. In addition, Neptune has trace amounts of methane in its atmosphere, which is one of the reasons for the planet's blue color. Neptune has a strong storm, with measured winds of up to 2,100 km h.

Neptune's cloud top temperature is -214 degrees Celsius (59 carats), which is slightly warmer than the cloud top temperature of Uranus. It is speculated that Neptune most likely has a red-hot interior, with a core temperature of about 7,000, similar to that of most known planets. Since the mass is slightly larger than that of Uranus, Neptune is slightly denser than Uranus and has a slightly smaller radius than Uranus.

Neptune was discovered on September 23, 1846, and is the only planet to be discovered using mathematical** rather than unplanned observations. Astronomers use the perturbation of Uranus' orbit to speculate about Neptune's existence and possible location. To date, only the Voyager 2 probe of the United States has ever passed by Neptune on August 25, 1989.

Neptune is the far-reaching planet of the eight planets, and Neptune is the eighth planet in order of the distance from the planet from the Sun, the fourth largest planet in diameter and the third largest planet in mass. Its brightness is only equal to , and it can only be seen in an astronomical telescope.

Neptune is smaller than Uranus in diameter and volume, but has a mass of about 17 times that of Earth, while its sister planet, Uranus, is about 14 times more massive than Earth due to its lower density.

Neptune's atmosphere is dominated by hydrogen and helium, as well as trace amounts of methane, which is one of the reasons for the planet's blue color. Neptune has the most intense storm in the solar system, with measured winds of up to 2,100 km h. The temperature at the top of Neptune's cloud is -218 (55 K) because it is farthest from the Sun and is one of the coldest regions of the solar system.

The temperature of Neptune's core is about 8000

Neptune was discovered on September 23, 1846, and is the only planet to be discovered using mathematics** rather than planned observations. Astronomers have used perturbations in Uranus' orbit to speculate on Neptune's existence and possible location, and only the U.S. Voyager 2 probe has visited Neptune on August 25, 1989.

The basic characteristics of Neptune are divided into:

1. Structural composition.

With its kilogram mass, Neptune is a medium-sized planet between the Earth and the giant planets (referring to Jupiter and Saturn): it has both 17 times the mass of the Earth and 1 18 times the mass of Jupiter.

By comparing the rotational speed and the flattening rate, it can be seen that Neptune's mass distribution is not as concentrated as that of Uranus.

2. Atmosphere.

At high altitudes, Neptune's atmosphere is 80% hydrogen, 19% helium, and trace amounts of methane are also present. The main absorption bands appear at the spectral locations of red and infrared at wavelengths above 600 nm.

3. Climate. One difference between Neptune and Uranus is the level of typical meteorological activity. In 1986, when the Voyager 2 spacecraft flew past Uranus, the planet was visually rather uneventful, and during the Voyager 2 flyby in 1989, Neptune exhibited the famous weather phenomenon.

Neptune's atmosphere has the highest wind speed in the solar system, presumably driven by heat currents within it, and its weather is characterized by extremely violent storm systems, with winds reaching supersonic speeds up to about 2100 km h.

4. Magnetosphere. It has a magnetosphere similar to that of Uranus, with its magnetic field tilting up to 47° relative to its axis of rotation and at least a radius from its core, or 13,500 km from its physical center.

4. Halo. Neptune also has rings. Only faint and vague arcs can be observed on Earth, not full auras.

But Voyager 2 images show that these arcs are made up entirely of halos of bright blocks. One of the auras appears to have a peculiar spiral structure.

Newton's law of universal gravitation. First, it must be noted that Neptune's discovery could not have been guided by Newton's law of universal gravitation. It is through the law of gravitation that the French astronomer Boure made a bold guess and verified the error of the actual orbit of Uranus and the error of the mathematically calculated orbit, believing that there is a huge planet in the outer universe of Uranus, which interferes with the orbit of Uranus with gravity and lays the groundwork for the discovery of Neptune.

Newton was a famous physicist in modern England, and many of the physical theories he proposed changed the understanding of motion in human beings. In 1687, Newton proposed the law of universal gravitation in the "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy", Newton pointed out that there is a gravitational force between any object.

Neptune is one of the eight planets in the solar system and the farthest known planet from the Sun.

Neptune's orbital semi-major axis is an astronomical unit, its orbital period is years, its mass is the mass of the Earth (3rd place, slightly larger than its close neighbor Uranus), and its radius is the radius of the Earth (4th place). Neptune is blue to the naked eye, and Westerners named it after Neptune, the god of the sea in Roman mythology.

When Li Shanlan and other travelers translated "Talking Heaven" in 1859, their Chinese translation was Neptune.

Neptune was first discovered on December 28, 1612 when Galileo was depicting it, but it was not originally named the constellation, only the constellation.

1. Galileo first observed and depicted Neptune on December 28, 1612, and again on January 27, 1613, but because the observation position was close to Jupiter (in conjunction position) in the night sky, Galileo mistook Neptune for a star on both occasions.

2. Believing that it is a star, but not believing in its own ignition and prudence, is because Neptune was observed for the first time in December 1612, and Neptune was in a receding position, because the movement at the beginning of the receding motion was so small that Galileo's small telescope could not detect the change in position.

3. In 1846, Le Verrier, an astronomy teacher at the French School of Technology, independently completed the calculation of Neptune's position with his own enthusiasm without the support of his colleagues.

4. It wasn't until later, after a period of discussion, that it was finally decided to name Neptune.

Neptune Profile:

1. Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun among the eight planets in the solar system, the fourth largest in the solar system in terms of volume, but the third in terms of mass. Neptune is smaller than Uranus in diameter and volume, but larger in mass than Uranus, about 17 times that of Earth.

2. It is named after Neptune in Roman mythology, because Neptune is the king of the sea god, so it is translated as Neptune.

3. Neptune's atmosphere is dominated by hydrogen and helium, as well as trace amounts of methane, which is one of the reasons why the planet is blue.

4. Neptune has the strongest winds in the solar system, with wind speeds of up to 2100 km h. Its cloud top has a temperature of -218 (55K), making it one of the coldest regions of the solar system, while the temperature of the core is about 7000.

5. Neptune was discovered on September 23, 1846, and is the only planet discovered by chance using mathematics** rather than observation.

Categories: Science & Engineering.

Analysis: Neptune is one of the eight planets in the solar system, and is ranked as the eighth planet in order of closest to the sun. His brightness is only equal and can only be seen with a telescope.

Overview. Neptune is the eighth and last of the eight planets in the solar system. Neptune was the first planet to be discovered after celestial mechanical calculations.

Because Uranus's orbit differed from the calculations, in 1845 the Englishman John Kov Adams and the Frenchman Abn Léverier calculated the possible position of an unknown planet outside Uranus. On September 23, 1846, the director of the Berlin Observatory, Johann Geffrien Galler, discovered a new planet in this location: Neptune.

Currently, Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun in the solar dust system.

Neptune's name is Neptune, the god of the sea in Roman mythology

Shape and structure.

Neptune's blue color is due to methane in its atmosphere. Neptune's atmosphere is 85% hydrogen, 13% helium, 2% methane, and a small amount of ammonia.

Neptune may have a solid nucleus whose surface may be covered with a layer of ice. The outer atmosphere may be layered. Neptune's surface temperature is -218 degrees Celsius, and surface winds can reach speeds of up to 2,000 kilometers per hour.

Also, Neptune has a magnetic field and auroras. There is also the smoke produced by the sun's exposure to methane.

Halo. Neptune has a very weak ring. In October 1846, the British astronomer Russell claimed that he had seen the ring, but no one believed it at the time. In 1984, astronomers from the United States and France observed the ring simultaneously in one observation.

In 1989, Voyager 2 flew over Neptune to confirm the discovery. The outermost ring is called Adam, with a radius of 63,000 kilometers and is divided into three sections. Central is known as Leverrier, with a radius of 53,000 km.

The inner ring is called Galle and has a radius of 42,000 km. This ring is incomplete and uneven, for unknown reasons, and may be caused by the influence of satellites. Voyager 2 also found Neptune with two black cloud bands about 4,345 kilometers wide, and a black patch the size of Earth.

Human exploration. Voyager 2 flew past Neptune in 1989.

Revolution information Revolution radius km.

Revolution time: 164 years, 288 days and 13 hours.

The average rpm speed is in kilometers and seconds.

Number of satellites 13

Structure of matter The equator is 49,572 km in diameter.

The surface area is 9 square kilometers.

Weight kg.

Average density g cm2

Rotation time 16 hours and minutes.

Off-surface velocity in kilometers and seconds.

Surface temperature minimum average.

50 k 53 k

Atmospheric Atmospheric pressure No data available.

Hydrogen 84% and Helium 12%.

Methane 2% other gases in very small quantities.

A young astronomer named Garay used a telescope to discover an unfamiliar star at the location pointed out by Le Verrier, which was Neptune, the eighth planet in the solar system.

Neptune is smaller than Uranus in diameter but has a greater mass. Neptune is about 17 times the mass of Earth, while the twin-like Uranus is about 14 times more massive due to its lower density. Neptune is based on Neptune in Roman mythology, because Neptune is the god of the sea, so it is translated as Neptune in Chinese.

The symbol of astronomy is used in Greek mythology by Poseidon, the god of the sea.

Details:

The temperature at the top of Neptune's cloud is -218 (55 K) because of its distance from the Sun, making it one of the coldest regions of the solar system. Neptune's core is about 8,000 degrees Celsius, similar to most known planets.

Neptune may have a solid nucleus whose surface may be covered with a layer of ice. Also, Neptune has a magnetic field and auroras. There is also smog from methane exposure to the sun.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Neptune.