The working principle of the ailerons and flaps of an aircraft

Both flaps and ailerons are located on the wings of the aircraft. Two wings, each with a flap and ailerons on it. Closer to the fuselage are the flaps, and away from the fuselage are the ailerons.

The flap is a flat plate, which is usually a part of the wing, and when the aircraft takes off or lands, it bends down at an angle to increase the lift, so that the aircraft can take off or land quickly.

The ailerons are also a flat plate, which is usually a part of the wing, and when the aircraft wants to turn, the ailerons on the left and right wings bend up and down at an angle respectively, which causes the difference in lift between the two wings and pushes the plane to turn.

To put it bluntly, in a word. The flaps are tubes for aircraft take-off and landing. The ailerons are the ones that make the plane turn.

Increase lift in flight.

Flaps specifically refer to a kind of airfoil-shaped movable device on the edge of modern wings, which can be mounted on the trailing edge or leading edge of the wing, and can be deflected downward or (and) slid backwards (forward), and its basic utility is to increase lift in flight. According to the different parts of the installation and the specific role, the flap can be divided into the trailing edge flap and the leading edge flap.

In the 20s of the 20th century, the famous British designer Handley Page and the German aerodynamicist Rahman invented the slit flap. Slotted flaps are one of the most important types of flaps. It is one or several movable flaps attached to the trailing edge of the wing, which are usually integrated with the wing and are lowered when the aircraft takes off or lands.

Flap plates can increase the area of the wing, change the curvature of the wing, and create one or several gaps.

Increasing the area can improve the lift, forming a gap can make the air flow on the lower surface flow through the gap to the upper surface, so that the air velocity on the upper surface can be increased, and the laminar flow can be maintained in a large range, and the lift can also be increased, and the occurrence of stall phenomenon can be reduced.

It can also be mounted on the leading edge of the aircraft, usually in one piece. Large aircraft, especially passenger aircraft, are equipped with double-slit flaps, which can increase the lift coefficient by 85% to 95%, and the effect is very significant. When the aircraft is taking off, the flaps are offset backward and downward at a small angle, which mainly plays the role of increasing lift and can accelerate the take-off of the aircraft; When the aircraft is landing, the flaps are offset backward and downward at a larger angle, which can increase the lift and drag of the aircraft at the same time, so as to help reduce the landing speed.

The wing is one of the important parts of the aircraft and is mounted on the fuselage. Its main role is to generate lift, but it also allows for ammunition compartments and fuel tanks in the wings, and landing gear can be stored in flight. In addition, flaps to improve take-off and landing performance, ailerons for lateral maneuvering of aircraft are installed on the wings, and some are equipped with slats and other lifting devices on the leading edge of the wings.

The role of the wing is to generate lift to support the aircraft in the air. It also plays a certain stabilizing and manipulative role. There are various plane shapes of wings, and the commonly used ones are rectangular wings, trapezoidal wings, swept wings, delta wings, double delta wings, arrow-shaped wings, edge strip wings, etc.

The main component used on board to generate lift. It is generally divided into two wings, left and right, and is arranged symmetrically on both sides of the fuselage. Some parts of the wing, mainly the leading and trailing edges, can be moved.

The pilot maneuvers these parts to change the shape of the wing and control the distribution of lift or drag in the wing to increase lift or change the attitude of the aircraft. The movable wing surfaces commonly used on the wing (Fig. 1) include various leading and trailing edge lifting devices, ailerons, spoilers, speed brakes, lifting ailerons, etc. The inside of the wing is often used to place fuel.

The main landing gear of the aircraft is also often fully or partially tucked within the wing, as the thickness of the wing allows. In addition, many aircraft have either straight engines.

Attached to the wing, or hung under the wing.

The role of the wing is to generate lift to support the aircraft in the air. It also plays a certain stabilizing and manipulative role. There are various plane shapes of wings, and the commonly used ones are rectangular wings, trapezoidal wings, swept wings, delta wings, double delta wings, arrow-shaped wings, edge strip wings, etc.

Modern aircraft are generally monoplanes, but there have also been biplanes (two sets of wings overlapped above and below), triplanes, and multiplanes throughout history. According to the connection mode of the wing and the fuselage of the monoplane, it can be divided into the lower wing, the middle wing, the upper wing and the umbrella upper wing (that is, the wing is above the fuselage, and the wing and the fuselage are connected together by a set of struts).

The ailerons mainly control the () of the aircraft.

a.Prostrate the prostrate code and look up to the Wang movement.

b.Rolling motion.

c.Yaw movement.

d.Rotational motion.

The answer is b

First of all, the position of the rear part of the wing end is to give the fuselage a greater turning moment, the aileron can be shaken up and down, and the aileron must be constantly used to make large-angle turns during the flight, and the fuselage will also tilt, and after the turn, it should be turned back to the center like a car turning; The flap is at the rear of the wing by the fuselage, and can also be on the front edge of the wing windward, and can only rotate downward, and the purpose is to increase the wing area and increase lift during takeoff; The angle of rotation is generally 20°. The purpose of landing is to increase drag and shorten the running distance, and the angle of rotation is generally 35°. A slight turn of the flaps during flight can reduce the turning radius.