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Guan Yu (?.)220) The original word Changsheng, later changed to the word Yunchang, Hedong Xie (now Yuncheng, Shanxi) people. A famous general in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, he began to follow Liu Bei when he gathered troops in the township, and was one of Liu Bei's most trusted generals.
After the death of Guan Yu, his image was gradually deified by later generations, and has always been the object of folk sacrifice, and he is respected as "Guan Gong"; In the Qing Dynasty, he was enshrined as "the Emperor of Loyalty, Righteousness, Martial Spirit, Benevolence, Courage and Might", and was worshiped as the "Martial Saint", and was as famous as Confucius. The long history ** "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" also has many descriptions of Guan Yu's deeds, in "Romance" Guan Yu is described as the head of the "Five Tiger Generals", and Mao Zonggang called it the "righteousness" in the "Romance" Three Uniques". In addition, in ancient times, there was a place name Guan Yu, but its exact location is unknown.
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Guan Yu (?.)The word Changsheng, later changed to the word Yunchang, Hedong Xie (now Yuncheng, Shanxi) people. A member of the Shu Han general, the stories about him are:
Taoyuan righteousness, Cao Cao's appreciation, beheading Yan Liang and Wen Chou, walking alone for thousands of miles, passing five levels and killing six generals, interpreting Cao Cao, commanding Jingzhou, going to the meeting with a single knife, flooding the Seventh Army, scraping bones to cure poison, carelessly losing Jingzhou, and defeating Maicheng.
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Taoyuan righteousness, Cao Cao's appreciation, beheading Yan Liang and Wen Chou, walking alone for thousands of miles, passing five levels and killing six generals, interpreting Cao Cao, commanding Jingzhou, going to the meeting with a single knife, flooding the Seventh Army, scraping bones to cure poison, carelessly losing Jingzhou, and defeating Maicheng.
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Guan Yu met the Eastern Han Dynasty in Zhuo County (now Zhuozhou, Hebei) and mobilized powerful landlords from all over the country to organize armed forces and jointly suppress the Yellow Turban Uprising. Here he got acquainted with Liu Bei (Liu Bei claimed to be a descendant of Liu Sheng, King Jing of Zhongshan, the son of Emperor Jing of the Western Han Dynasty) and Zhang Fei, who were gathering troops in the local area. According to later legends, Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei once married in Taoyuan.
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" "Romance" out of their oath: "Although they have different surnames, they are brothers, and they work together to help the needy; Report to the country, go down to An Lishu, do not seek to be born on the same day and month of the same year, but only wish to die on the same day and month of the same year. Although this is a family saying, it has a huge impact because it conforms to the mentality of the middle and lower class people in the era of frequent turmoil.
In later generations, many peasant uprisings followed the form of righteousness to consolidate the ranks and strengthen unity. The three organized an armed force and took part in the attack on the ranks of the peasant insurgents. Guan Yu also began his career as a horseman.
From the first year of Zhongping (184) until his death, Guan Yu always followed Liu Bei loyally, "following his circumstance, not avoiding difficulties and dangers" ("Three Kingdoms, Shushu, Guan Yu Biography"). Thousands of miles to ride alone, pass five passes and kill six generals, carelessly lose Jingzhou, Taoyuan three knots, defeat Maicheng, three British battles against Lu Bu.
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Thousands of miles to ride alone, pass five passes and kill six generals, carelessly lose Jingzhou, Taoyuan three knots, defeat Maicheng, three British battles against Lu Bu.
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The Romance of the Three Kingdoms knows the story of Guan Yu Luo Guanzhong knows.
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Defeated Maicheng, defended Jingzhou, passed five levels and killed 6 generals.
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1. Kill the bullies.
When Guan Yu was nineteen years old, Xiong Xiang, the son of Xiong Hu, the Taishou Xiong Hu of Puzhou, colluded with the county commander Miao Xin in order to forcibly occupy Zhang Jichang's daughter Luanjiao, and did evil. When Guan Yu heard the news, he went to the court to help defend himself, and in a fit of anger, he killed Xiong Xiang, burned down the government office, smashed the prison door, rescued Luan Jiao, and fled to the Temple of Our Lady.
Xiong Hu chased after him, and Guan Yu set fire to the Temple of Our Lady. Kill Xiong Hu and flee to Fan Yang for refuge. Later, he went to Zhuo County, Hebei Province, and married Liu Bei and Zhang Fei in Taoyuan.
2. Taoyuan three knots.
Guan Yu killed the bully Xiong Hu father and son, and escaped from the rivers and lakes for five or six years. One day, Guan Yu recruited volunteers in the Zhuojun ** Imperial Court and got acquainted with Liu Bei and Zhang Fei. Once the three met, they had similar interests.
The next day, in the flowery peach orchard in Zhang Fei's hometown, he paid tribute to heaven and earth and became brothers with different surnames: Guan Yu worshiped Xuande as his brother and Zhang Fei as his younger brother. Vow not to live together, but to die together. Since then, the three of them have worked together to create a magnificent cause of three parts of the world.
3. Warm wine to cut Huaxiong.
In the Battle of Bishui Pass, Huaxiong defeated Sun Jian and killed two generals in a row, and the coalition forces did not dare to fight. Guan Yu asked for battle: "If you don't kill Hua Xiong, I am willing to cut off my head." Cao Cao said, "The general drank this cup of hot wine and went to kill the enemy."
Guan Yu said: Wait until you kill Hua Xiong and come back to drink" Yan Bi went with a knife. The drums outside the tent were loud, the shouts were loud, Cao wanted to send someone to investigate, and suddenly the bell rang, and the horse arrived at the Chinese army, and Yun Chang took Hua Xiong's head and threw it to the ground. At this time, the wine in the glass is still hot!
4. The Three Covenants of Earth and Mountain.
Xuzhou was defeated, and Guan Yu was trapped in Tushan. Cao Cao sent Zhang Liao to persuade Guan Yu to surrender to Cao with "three pennies": one can protect Gan, and the second lady is safe; The two can not go back to the Taoyuan covenant; The three can be useful.
Guan Yu replied: "You have 'three pence', and I have 'three covenants': first, the Han will not descend to Cao today; 2. Please give the two sisters-in-law a hand, no matter who is not allowed to enter; Third, as long as the whereabouts of the imperial uncle are known, he will resign and return to Liu. All three are indispensable.
5. Pass five levels and kill six generals.
Guan Gong said goodbye to Cao Cao, rode alone for thousands of miles, and went to find Liu Bei. Along the way, after five levels, six generals were killed. The first Guandong Lingguan was beheaded by Kong Xiu. In the second pass, Luoyang Pass, Yu Tan and Han Fu were killed.
The third pass of Bishui guard, Bian Xi, designed to murder Guan Gong in the temple in front of the pass. The monk Pujing in the temple secretly helped Guan Gong to see through Bian Xi's conspiracy. Guan Yu turned out to be Bian Xi's life, went through the fourth pass Xingyang, beheaded Wang Zhi, and crossed the fifth pass of the Yellow River and beheaded Qin Qi.
6. Scrape bones to heal wounds.
After Guan Yusheng was captured and killed by Pang De, he attacked Fancheng again, but was shot in the right arm by a poisonous cold arrow, and the divine doctor Hua Tuo came to scrape the bones with a knife for him to remove the poison, and the people outside the tent were as pale as dirt, and Guan Yu still drank and ate meat, talked and laughed and played chess, and the story of the color of bitterness.
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Cao Cao appreciated.
In the fifth year of Jian'an (200 years), Cao Cao attacked Liu Bei, Guan Yu was defeated and captured, surrendered, Cao Cao treated him with great courtesy and appointed as a partial general. Cao Cao praised Guan Yu as a person, worshiped him as a partial general, and treated him very well. Soon, he noticed that Guan Yu was uncertain and had no intention of staying for a long time.
He said to Zhang Liao, who had a very good relationship with Guan Yu: "Qing tried to ask him with affection." Zhang Liao went to ask Guan Yu, and Guan Yu sighed
I know very well that Cao Gong treats me well, but I am favored by General Liu, and I swear to die together and not betray him. I will not stay, I must serve to repay Cao Gongnai" ("Three Kingdoms, Shu Shu, Guan Zhang, Ma Huang Zhao Biography"). Zhang Liao relayed Guan Yu's words to Cao Cao, and after Cao Cao heard this, not only did he not resent Guan Yu, but thought that he was benevolent and righteous, and valued him even more.
Later, Yuan Shao sent the generals Yan Liang, Chun Yuqiong, Guo Tu and others to attack Baima, Cao Cao personally led the army to the rescue, and ordered Zhang Liao and Guan Yu to be the forwards. Guan Yu saw Yan Liang's cover, rode his horse to charge, assassinated Yan Liang in the army, and beheaded him, the generals of the Yuan army were unstoppable, the siege of the white horse was lifted, and Guan Yu was named the Marquis of Hanshou Pavilion. Although the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms" only has 19 characters for the record of "beheading Yan Liang", it is one of the clearest records in the official history of the very few texts that describe the heads-up of ancient military generals.
After Guan Yu killed Yan Liang, Cao Cao knew that he would go, so he rewarded him heavily. Guan Yu sealed all the rewards that Cao Cao had given him repeatedly, wrote a farewell letter to Cao Cao, protected Liu Bei's family, left Cao's camp, and went to Yuan Shao's army to find Liu Bei. When Cao Cao's soldiers heard this, they wanted to chase after him, but Cao Cao dissuaded him
Each of them is his master, don't chase it" ("Three Kingdoms, Shu Shu VI, Guan Yu Biography"). Folk culture calls this story "a thousand miles to ride alone".
From Guan Yu's capture to his meritorious service to Cao and his re-defection to Liu Bei, this experience has always been passed on by word of mouth. to "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", it has formed a flowery and wonderful story unit, including about three things about Guan Gongtun Tushan, Cao Cao treated Guan Yu well, a small banquet for three days, and a big banquet for five days; Cao Cao gave a robe, Guan Yu wore it at the bottom of the robe, and covered it with the old robe given by Liu Bei, not daring to forget the old with the new; Cao Cao gave a red rabbit horse, Guan Yu thanked him, thinking that he could see Liu Bei one day by taking this horse; Guan Gong beheaded Yan Liang; Guan Gong hangs the seal and seals the gold; The ancient city brothers meet, etc. In the land of China, this story is known to almost all women and children.
Righteous release of Cao Cao. After Cao Cao occupied Jiangling, his momentum was even greater, and he had the potential to engulf Liu Bei, who had "no place to stand", and eliminate Sun Quan in Jiangdong. This led to the famous Battle of Chibi in which the combined forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao. In November, the combined forces of Sun and Liu defeated Cao Cao at Chibi (now Chibi Town Scenic Area, Chibi City).
The 10,000 elite naval forces led by Guan Yu were Liu Bei's main force and played an important role in this battle. In order to highlight the characteristics of Guan Yu's "full friendship and righteousness", later generations performed the details of his interpretation of Cao Cao in Huarong Daoyi, which is still well-known.
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