Why were ancient mausoleums built so high?

1. The identity of the person buried is different:

1. "Mausoleum" refers to the tomb of the emperor.

The tombs of Chinese emperors began to be called "mausoleums", and they first appeared in Zhao, Chu, Qin and other countries after the middle of the Warring States period. "Historical Records of the Zhao Family" contains Zhao Suhou's fifteenth year of running Shouling. "Qin Shi Huang Benji".

Contained in King Huiwen of Qin.

Burial of the public mausoleum, mourning for the burial of King Wu Yongling.

King Xiaowen was buried in the Shou Mausoleum. This is the beginning of the king's tomb called "mausoleum".

2. "Tomb" refers to the grave of ordinary people other than emperors.

2. The height of the surface building.

Differences: 1. According to the regulations, the emperor's tomb can be built nine zhang high, but the emperor's tomb always exceeds this height.

Because the feudal royal power continued to increase at that time, in order to show the supremacy of the supreme ruler, his tomb not only covered a vast area, but also the height of the enclosed soil was like a mountain mausoleum, so the emperor's tomb was called "mausoleum".

2. The tomb is not a grave bag.

Simple, waterproof.

In ancient times, it was believed that the tomb was blistered.

And the best way to waterproof is to build on a high place.

Ancient Chinese emperors used to bury them.

1. The layout mode with Lingshan as the main body. Represented by the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang. Its sealed soil is covered with bucket shape, the surrounding city wall is built, the backing of Lishan Mountain, the outline is simple, the weather is majestic, creating a commemorative atmosphere. Zi's.

2. The axis layout of Shinto through the whole world. This layout emphasizes positive Shinto. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, Gaozong Qianling, with the mountain peak as the main body of the mausoleum, the front arrangement of the gate, the stone elephant, the inscription, the Huabiao and so on to form the Shinto.

In front of Shinto, a tower was built. The undulating, opening and closing space changes on the Shinto Road set off the grandeur of the mausoleum building.

3. The layout of the building group. The mausoleums of the Ming and Qing dynasties all chose a closed environment surrounded by mountains as the mausoleum area, and arranged the imperial tombs in a coordinated manner. The Shinto road is supplemented with torii gates, large red gates, stele pavilions, etc., and the architecture and environment are closely integrated to create a solemn environment.

Ancient Chinese people believed that after death, people still lived a life similar to the yang world in the underworld, and the deceased should be treated "as if they were alive", so the above-ground and underground buildings and funeral daily necessities of the mausoleum should be imitated in the world.

The emperor and the magnates felt that the death of the emperor was not trivial, and that it was necessary to be solemnly buried, and the mausoleum should be commensurate with his noble status.

Since the Qin and Han dynasties, the funeral system stipulates that the emperor, regardless of age, must start building a mausoleum one year after he ascends the throne, which is to prepare for death as soon as he becomes an emperor. At that time, the emperor divided the national endowment to him into three parts, one for the temple sacrifice, one for entertaining guests, and the remaining one for the construction of the emperor's tomb and the purchase of burial goods.

The project is huge, and it's too late to repair it after it dies.

There were many ancient dynasties in our country, and there were many emperors. There are still undiscovered emperors' tombs, and there are still many undiscovered imperial tombs, and the discovered imperial tombs have not been excavated for various reasons. The following is an overview of the imperial tombs that have not been stolen and those that have been stolen.

Which imperial tombs have not been stolen:

1, Qianling-Tang Gaozong Li Zhi and Wu Zetian's joint burial tomb. 2, Qiaoling - the tomb of Li Dan of Tang Ruizong.

3, Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum did not dare to dig, after archaeological experts many times of exploration, coupled with satellite remote sensing, the first emperor's mausoleum did have a large amount of mercury, which is similar to the historical books in the rumors that Qin Shi Huang made rivers with mercury in his own mausoleum, and made the sun and moon with gold and silver. Mercury is known to be a highly toxic liquid that can cause death and deter tomb robbers.

4, Qing Dynasty: Xiaoling (Shunzhi), Qing Fuling (Nurhachi), Qing Zhaoling (Huang Taiji), Qing Tailing (Yongzheng), Qing Changling (Jiaqing), Qing Muling (Daoguang). 5, Ming Dynasty:

Huangfeng's destruction of the Hongling Tomb in Beijing and Nanjing, these two places were defeated by the Qing Dynasty, which protected the cultural relics very well and is now basically intact.

6. The mausoleum of Zhu Yuanzhang in the Ming Dynasty has not been stolen. Historians have used high-tech means to find nothing, and they can only prove that no remnants of the tomb have been stolen. What excites archaeologists is the discovery of some human bones in the southwest corner of the mausoleum, but because of the small number, it does not look like a burial pit.

7. The imperial tombs of the Xia Dynasty have not been discovered due to their age and lack of written records. 8, the Shang Dynasty from Tang Liguo to Pangeng, a total of nineteen kings (except Tang), these imperial tombs have no historical records, so far have not been discovered. 9. The Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were a troubled era in China, and due to the short period of national rule, it has not been discovered so far.

10. Cao Cao's tomb has always been known for its seventy-two suspicious silver mounds, and many fake tombs have been built to cover up the location of his tomb, so it has not been found yet.

11, the Yuan Dynasty emperor - Genghis Khan's mausoleum is unknown, Genghis Khan died in 1227 during the expedition to Western Xia, and his whereabouts after his death have become a mystery for the ages. 12. There are not many records of the imperial tombs of the Liao-Jin Dynasty, and most of them may be in the northeast region, which has not been found so far. 13, Liu Bei's mausoleum is in the Wuhou Temple in Chengdu, which may be fake.

Stolen mausoleums :

1. The earliest mausoleum in the history of our country that recorded the stolen era was the home of the first king of the Shang Dynasty about 3600 years ago, and it was first stolen and excavated in the late Western Zhou Dynasty in 2770. 2. In 1956, the Dingling Tomb of Ming-Zhu Yijun Shenzong and Emperor Wanli was excavated by the state, which was the only excavation of the Emperor's Mausoleum since the founding of New China. 3. The ancestral tomb of the Ming Dynasty was robbed by the rebel army.

4. The Qing Dynasty emperor's tomb was stolen, and it was the most famous thief of Sun Dianying, and the tomb of Cixi was ransacked. There are also Kangxi Jingling and Guangxu's Chongling have been stolen.

Yes, they have already built their future mausoleums before they die, and then they will personally go to the acceptance, and they will choose the people they trust the most to build the mausoleum, there are no taboos, and they don't feel bad at all.

No, it was a very bad behavior for the ancient emperors to visit their tombs, and for them, such behavior would lead to a shortening of their lifespan, and they would definitely not visit them.

Yes, they need to know about the construction of their mausoleum and then make their own plans, so they will visit it in advance.

When it comes to the mausoleum of the largest emperor, I think of a lot, such as the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the Mausoleum of Genghis Khan, the Mausoleum of Qian, and many others. Then let's talk about these emperors' tombs.

The first is the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, his mausoleum is at the foot of Lishan Mountain in the east of Lintong County, built for 38 years, the project is huge, the momentum is magnificent, and it has created a precedent for extravagant burials in feudal society in history. There are also quite a few terracotta figurines around his mausoleum. These terracotta figurines have various forms, including war horses, chariots and **, etc., which are perfect masterpieces at that time, very exquisite, and at the same time have very high historical value, and have become a reason for tourists from all over the world to come to play.

The next one is the Qianling Tomb that we are familiar with, it is the world's unique imperial tomb of the two dynasties, is the emperor's tomb of a husband and wife, located in the north of Qianxian County on Liangshan, about 80 kilometers away from Xi'an City. It is the tomb of Wu Zetian, the third emperor of the Tang Dynasty and the only empress who knows how to wither. It was built in 684 A.D., and it took twenty-three years to complete the construction of this imposing mausoleum.

Next up is the Ming Tombs, which is located in a famous mausoleum area in the northwest of Beijing. The Ming Tombs are still surrounded by mountains on three sides in the Xiaopeng land, and then the three sides are the east, west and north. The mausoleum area is surrounded by mountains, the central plain, and there is a small river in front of the mausoleum, which is really a treasure of feng shui, and the scenery is beautiful.

The mausoleum system is complete, the scale is grand, and the momentum is magnificent, and it is really the imperial mausoleum complex with the most mausoleums in China.

The fourth is the mausoleum of the Xixia King in Ningxia, which is located at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Yinchuan City, Ningxia, and is one of the most complete mausoleums with the largest ground site in China. Although the appearance is ruined, the skeleton still exists, and the magnificent scale and strict layout can still show the dynastic atmosphere and style.

After is Gongxian Baling, Gongxian Sun Pai is between Zhengzhou and Luoyang in Henan, looking at Songshan Mountain in the south, bordering the Yellow River in the north, meandering and blocking, the eastern mountains are Qinglong Mountain, in ancient times, it is the auspicious place of "mountain high water comes" to build Kaidong here. After that, many emperors were buried here, so it was called "Gongxian Eight Tombs". This is also the big pillow of the Yellow River, and the foot of the Yellow River.

What an auspicious place.

Later, I finished the introduction, and I think the largest one is the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, because it has a circumference of more than 1,700 meters and is now 51 meters high, which also took the longest time to complete.

The area of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is the largest, and the influence is particularly serious, you can understand the historical development of the time, and also understand the situation of the handicraft development at that time, which is also known as the miracle of mankind, and also unearthed a lot of strange stoves and silver treasures.

It should be the imperial mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, this mausoleum has a very important stool to answer the meaning of chaos, such as the jujube companion Hui terracotta warriors and horses have attracted the attention of people all over the world, and are very famous cultural relics.

Qin Dynasty Qin Shi Huang Yingzheng Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum is the largest.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is surrounded by the Lishan Mountain with layers of mountains and lush forests in the south, and the north is bordered by the twists and turns, like a silver snake lying on the shore of Weishui. The tall mound is surrounded by towering peaks and mountains and is integrated with Lishan, with beautiful scenery and unique environment. The mausoleum is grand in scale and majestic.

The total area of the cemetery is 56.25 square kilometers. The original height of the tomb is about 100 and the line is 15 meters high, and it is still as high as 76 meters, there are two walls inside and outside the cemetery, the circumference of the inner city is 3,840 meters, and the circumference of the outer city is 6,201 meters. The inner and outer city has a city wall about nine meters high, and a magnificent underground palace has been built in the inner city, with the sun, moon and stars made of pearls on the top, and the rivers, lakes and seas made of mercury with a ruler arranged underground.

There are still ruins left today. The burial area is in the south, and the dormitory and the hall complex are in the north. On January 29, 1974, 1.5 kilometers east of the tomb of Qin Shi Huang, a local farmer dug up a pottery warrior's head while digging a well.

Later, after the excavation of the relevant state organizations, the terracotta warriors and horses of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang were finally discovered, which shocked the whole world. Modern archaeology proves that the underground palace of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is completely preserved under the mound of sealed soil and has not been stolen and excavated for thousands of years.

Ancient feng shui theory believes that the choice of the location of the ancestral tomb will affect the fortune of its descendants, so the location of the mausoleum is very important, especially the choice of the location of the king of a country, it is very favorable, because the feng shui theory believes that the choice of the monarch's mausoleum will affect the fate of the whole country, so the emperors of all dynasties have attached great importance to the location of the mausoleum. So what kind of place will the emperor's mausoleum generally choose? We can analyze each of them and then make a summary.

1. The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is located at the foot of Li Mountain. Qin Shi Huang is the first emperor of our country to unify the great cause, so the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is also very high, with two layers of garden walls inside and outside. There are not only dormitories, palaces, but also large painted bronze chariot and horse pits.

To the east of the outer city, there is also the famous Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit. The whole cemetery is actually magnificent, and even if you go to see the terracotta warriors and horses now, you can still be amazed by its artistic attainments.

2. The emperor's cemetery of the Eastern Han Dynasty is located in the north of Luoyang. Compared with the Qin Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty, the scale of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Emperor's Mausoleum is no longer so majestic. However, Emperor Ming of the Eastern Han Dynasty began to form a new system, that is, the first month and August two months to go to the cemetery to worship, forming the so-called Shangling system.

And most importantly, the practice of building a temple for each ancestor was abolished, and the gods of all dynasties were concentrated in a single temple, which had a profound impact on later generations.

3. During the Cao Wei period, the mausoleum should be based on the mountain. In the Cao Wei period, the mausoleum system of the Han Dynasty was also abolished, and another practice was adopted, "because the mountain is the body, there is no tree for the tree, and there is no dormitory". When Cao Cao died, seventy-two tombs were built.

This shows that there was already a sense of preventing tomb robbery at that time, and Cao Wei's mausoleum was said to be because of the mountain, but the specific ones were not known in **, so Cao Cao's tomb is still a mystery.

To sum up, the general mausoleums are built on the ground with mountains, some are halfway up the mountain, and some are at the foot of the mountain, which may mean that there is a homonym for the mountain.

The emperor's mausoleum is generally built on a high mountain, and the place with good feng shui is surrounded by green trees. And it is generally built on dragon veins.

It is usually built in a place that few people know about, to prevent some people or future generations, from digging up the grave and destroying the grave, and stealing the valuables from the grave.

It is generally built in a place of feng shui treasure and vitality, so as to show the emperor's noble status.