What is altitude sickness? What is the main embodiment?

Scientists refer to the altitude above 3,000 meters as a plateau. Because when the altitude reaches this altitude, its climatic characteristics (such as low oxygen pressure, hypoxia, high radiation and high cold) are significantly different from those of the plains. When people arrive in such an environment, they must carry out a series of adjustments in the body in order to adapt.

Therefore, when people who enter the plateau for the first time, or even those who live in the plateau return from the plain, it is necessary to prevent the occurrence of acute altitude sickness in many aspects.

Altitude sickness is a natural physiological reaction produced by the body to adapt to the changes in air pressure difference, low oxygen content, and dry air caused by altitude after reaching a certain altitude, and the altitude generally reaches about 2700 meters. The symptoms of altitude sickness are generally manifested as: headache, shortness of breath, chest tightness, anorexia, slight fever, dizziness, fatigue, etc.

Some people have different manifestations due to low oxygen content: purple lips and fingertips, drowsiness, hyperactivity, and inability to sleep. Some people appear due to dry air:

**Roughness, chapped lips, bleeding or blood clots in the nostrils, etc.

There is no need to panic when you have altitude sickness, it is just a natural reaction of the human body to changes in the natural environment. Mild altitude sickness is recommended to adapt to it through self-regulation, after the occurrence of altitude sickness, you should rest more, move less, insist on eating, and take some medicines to relieve altitude sickness at the same time.

If you have severe altitude sickness, such as difficulty breathing, purple complexion, stiffness, edema, pulmonary edema, severe cold and other symptoms, you should seek medical attention in time.

If you have never entered the plateau, before entering the plateau, be sure to conduct a strict physical examination, such as finding lesions of the heart, lungs, brain, liver, kidneys, severe anemia or hypertension, do not blindly enter the plateau.

Commonly used drugs to prevent altitude sickness: Youyi, Rhodiola, muscle and liver tablets, glucose, etc., can be effectively prevented from altitude sickness if they are taken two days before entering the plateau and insisted on taking them on the road.

Altitude sickness is because the air pressure of the plateau is 1 2 of the plain, and the main reason for the altitude sickness is the decrease in atmospheric pressure, in addition, the oxygen content on the plateau is relatively thin, therefore, after people enter the high altitude area, they will not be able to adapt to the change of air pressure, and then produce a series of altitude sickness. The main symptoms of high reaction are cyanosis of the lips, generally pale, want to sleep, this is the main manifestation of plateau hypoxia, headache, rapid heartbeat, with scarce oxygen heartbeat will be accelerated, this is because of the lack of oxygen in the heart, it will cause overload, the speed will be faster and faster, and there will be anorexia, chest tightness, edema and other conditions.

Because the air pressure on the plateau is different, people can't adapt to such air pressure, so altitude sickness will occur. It's a very bad feeling, I feel like I'm going to have a hard time breathing, and I feel like I'm going to suffocate.

Altitude sickness is a variety of discomforts caused by the human body's rapid entry into the plateau above 3,000 meters above sea level and exposure to the low-pressure and low-oxygen environment, and is a common disease unique to the plateau area. Common symptoms include headache, insomnia, loss of appetite, tiredness, difficulty breathing, etc. Headache is the most common symptom and is often a throbbing pain in the forehead and both temporal regions, which worsens at night or in the morning when you wake up.

Increased ventilation of the lungs, such as breathing through the mouth and light activity, may reduce headaches. It is recommended that we should still pay attention to it, and we must take it step by step, and do not climb to such a high place all at once, so as not to be uncomfortable all at once.

The incidence of altitude sickness is related to the speed of climbing, altitude, length of residence, and physical fitness. Wisdom and trouble.

Generally speaking, when plain people quickly enter the plateau above 3000m above sea level, 50% and 75% of people have altitude sickness, but the symptoms gradually disappear after 3 to 10 days of habit.

The incidence of this disease is lower in the elderly than in young people, and in women than in men; The incidence of altitude sickness was positively correlated with the pure number of body weight fingers in men, but not with the body mass index of men, indicating that obese men were more susceptible.

The higher the altitude of the plateau, the thinner the air, the lower the atmospheric pressure, and the stronger the ultraviolet rays. In addition, it takes a lot of physical strength to climb the mountain, so it is easy to have various adverse reactions such as dizziness, shortness of breath, dizziness and headache due to lack of oxygen. This series of symptoms is called "altitude sickness".

Altitude sickness is acute altitude sickness, which is a natural physiological reaction produced by the body to adapt to the changes in air pressure difference, low oxygen content, and dry air caused by altitude after reaching a certain altitude, and the altitude generally reaches about 2700 meters. When you go to the plateau, you can carry anti-anti-anti-anti

The root cause is a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen.

The decisive factor for the entry and exit of gas in the human body is the ratio of gas partial pressure on both sides of the alveoli and capillaries, and with the increase of altitude, the atmospheric pressure decreases, and the partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere and the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli also decreases accordingly, so that the oxygen saturation in the blood decreases, which will lead to hypoxia in the body under certain conditions.

And not atmospheric pressure. For example, the atmospheric pressure is about the same, and the oxygen supply of the oxygen cylinder is the lowest.

Altitude sickness, including acute and chronic altitude sickness. A series of hypoxic manifestations that occur in the body in a short period of time after entering a plateau from a plain to a plateau or from a plateau to a higher altitude region are called acute altitude sickness. Chronic altitude sickness is the inability of some people to adapt to the long-term continuous adjustment process, resulting in a phenomenon of altitude dysfunction, presenting a series of clinical symptoms.

Chronic altitude sickness is also known as "dysfunction". It is generally believed that if there are still some or all of the symptoms of altitude sickness three months after entering the plateau, it can be regarded as chronic altitude sickness. Symptoms of altitude sickness generally manifest as:

Pain, palpitation, shortness of breath, loss of appetite, fatigue, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, bloating, diarrhea, chest pain, insomnia, dizziness, drowsiness, dizziness, numbness of hands and feet, convulsions, etc. Signs include increased heart rate, deepened breathing, mild abnormalities in blood pressure, edema of the face or extremities, and cyanosis of the lips. The clinical manifestations of chronic altitude sickness are varied, and the symptoms can be part of the above manifestations, or most or all of them, and the symptoms appear and appear from time to time, and generally disappear after returning to the flat and low altitude areas, and there are many similarities with the clinical manifestations of acute altitude sickness.

Altitude sickness is mainly manifested as vomiting, tinnitus, headache, fever, loss of appetite, fatigue, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, diarrhea, chest pain, insomnia, dizziness, drowsiness, dizziness, numbness of hands and feet, convulsions, etc. In severe cases, there may be dysesthesia, restlessness, hallucinations, etc., and may also produce characteristics such as edema, shock, or spasms.

The speed of the hike should not be too fast, it is best to pace steadily and cooperate with breathing, and at the same time adjust according to the slope to make the amount of exercise proportional to breathing, especially to avoid rapid breathing. The height of the ascent should be gradually increased, and the height of each climb should be properly controlled to adapt to the environment of reduced air pressure and thin air.

The itinerary should not be too urgent, sleep and diet should be sufficient and normal, and often take short rests, soft exercises and deep breathing can be done during rest to strengthen the circulatory function and high adaptation, and more physical training should be done to strengthen the oxygen uptake function.

Most people can work and live normally, but a few people can't adapt, and their physical and mental activity abilities are impaired to varying degrees, and symptoms appear, which is called altitude sickness or mountain sickness, altitude adaptation insufficiency, altitude adaptation insufficiency, altitude insufficiency, etc.

The higher the altitude, the thinner the air, the lower the atmospheric pressure, and the less oxygen. Hypoxic hypoxia is the most important factor that affects the human body in a plateau environment. The second is that the plateau is cold and dry, which is an additional hair element for pulmonary edema.

The highlands are windy and windy, and high winds impede human activity and increase oxygen consumption, which is an additional factor that leads to fatigue and exhaustion. Other conditions are increased ultraviolet and infrared intensity, unpredictable meteorological conditions, large temperature differences between day and night, sparsely populated, very lonely, inconvenient transportation, and difficulty in fresh food, etc., all of which affect people's physical strength and spirit to varying degrees, making them prone to respiratory tract infections, loss of appetite, malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, etc., and weakening the body's endurance for hypoxia.

The most common symptoms of altitude sickness are: headache, dizziness, shortness of breath, palpitations, lethargy, malaise, usually low appetite, and nausea and vomiting are common. A small number of people can develop mountain pulmonary edema or mountain encephalopathy.

Measures to prevent altitude sickness include:

1. Before entering the plateau, a comprehensive physical examination should be conducted, if there are cardiovascular diseases, bronchial asthma, tuberculosis, blood system diseases, etc., it is not suitable to enter the plateau area; For patients with acute infectious diseases, they should also enter the plateau after **.

2. Implement the "ladder growth" exercise, that is, after rising to a certain height, after a certain period of adaptation, and then further rise; If you are engaged in labor or physical exercise, gradually increase its intensity or load after the body adapts to improve the body's tolerance to hypoxia.

3. On the way to the plateau and at the beginning of entering the plateau, attention should be paid to the diet that is easy to digest, high sugar and high protein, and it is advisable to eat less and more meals.

4. According to the characteristics of plateau climate, attention should be paid to preventing colds, drinking more water, preventing cold and frostbite in winter, and preventing snow blindness in snow.

The above content is excerpted from the "Labor Safety and Health Work Guide" published by the Machinery Industry Press in 1993 and edited by Sun Lianjie and others. I've had this book for 9 years, and today I happened to see this content, and I'm ashamed to say! But I feel that it is still easy to understand, so let's learn it with everyone, I hope it will be helpful to travel to the plateau and climb the snowy mountains.