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Be. There is no new substance, or no breaking of old bonds and formation of new bonds, just interactions between molecules. When the water freezes, the movement of the water molecules can not break the hydrogen bonds, the hydrogen bonds play a major role, it ties the water molecules together to form a regular spatial structure, in a crystal lattice, four hydrogen atoms are at the apex of the regular tetrahedron, and an oxygen atom is located in the center of the tetrahedron In this way, the space between the molecules becomes larger and remains certain, so the volume becomes larger when the water freezes, and the movement of molecules in water can not only destroy the hydrogen bond bonding between water molecules, but also prevent the molecules from moving violently and causing frequent collisions between molecules, The molecules can slide relative to each other and interleave, so that they fill the gaps with each other and become larger.
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Yes, the key to distinguish between physical change and chemical change is to see if there is a new substance formed before and after, ice and water are both H2O, so it is a physical change, that is, the change is a physical property.
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The increase in volume after water freezing is a physical change, and water energy freezing belongs to the physical properties of water.
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To determine whether it is a physical or chemical property, it is necessary to see whether a new substance is produced. For example, corrosiveness is a strong oxidation that produces new substances. In this case, the water molecule is still a water molecule, but the structure has changed. So it's the physical properties, yes, you're right.
Hope, thank you.
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Abnormal expansion, this should indeed be considered a physical change. No new matter was generated.
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The fact that water turns into ice and becomes larger is due to the strong hydrogen bonding force between the water molecules in liquid water. It is much greater than the intermolecular forces (van der Waals force). When water is in a liquid state, under the action of hydrogen bonding force, the water molecules are close together, and it appears to be small in size at the macro level.
When it becomes solid, water becomes crystalline, the molecular arrangement becomes regular, the force of hydrogen bonding is weakened, and the macroscopic manifestation becomes larger.
Water freezing is actually a crystallization phenomenon, crystallization first needs to have a condensation nucleus, and then the condensation nucleus continues to grow, and finally grows into a large crystal. In fact, the process of water freezing is not simple, not that the temperature drops to 0, the water will freeze, but also needs the water to contain some small particles, as the attachment of water molecules when they just start to freeze, the small particles contained in the water are also called crystal nuclei.
The water molecules tend to be arranged so that the oxygen atoms are facing outwards and the hydrogen atoms are facing inwards, while the oxygen atoms are slightly negatively charged and therefore prefer to be surrounded by a positively charged environment. If the surrounding environment is positively charged and the temperature is below 0, then the water is prone to freezing, regardless of whether there are crystal nuclei in the water.
At a higher temperature to start the freezing process, the water molecule also needs something else like dust, soot, or other impurities so that the water molecule can form a lattice on it, which is the process of nucleation.
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The volume of water ice increases by 1 10, and the volume of ice becomes water decreases by 1 11The density of water is 1t m3, and the density of ice is 1 cubic meters, and the volume of water after freezing is 11 cubic meters (10 m3 * 1t m3 divided by the density of ice).Increased by 1 cubic i.e. volume increased by 1 10
When you turn these 11 cubic meters of ice into water, there are only 10 cubic meters, and of course the volume is reduced by 1 11
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