Topographic features of eastern Europe, topographic features of Europe

It is mainly plain, and the terrain can be roughly divided into two parts, the north and the south, which can be roughly divided by the Carpathian Mountains.

The plains of Poland and the three small Baltic states in the north are vast, and they are the eastern part of the great European plains, and the terrain slopes from south to north. The continental glaciers of the fourth season left fertile glaciers to wash the loess in the southern part of the plain, and also accumulated groups of moraine moraines in the north-central part of the plain, making the plains undulating in a wave-like manner. The east-west depression between the moraine mounds has been a necessary place for east-west traffic since ancient times.

The terrain of southern Eastern Europe is more complex, with mountainous plains crisscrossed, and only in eastern Hungary and southern Romania can you see large plains, covered with fertile alluvial soil, which are important areas for agriculture. The high mountainous terrain is a serious obstacle to transportation, but fortunately, there are many valleys and passes between the mountains, which can be used as a gateway to enter and exit. This area is a distribution area of karst terrain.

In the eastern part of Europe, the northern part is the Eastern European Plain, that is, the plain; The southern part of the east is mountainous.

It is mainly based on the Eastern European Plain, with a dense network of rivers and a highland along the Volga River.

The eastern part of Europe is mostly plain, but only a small part of the south is mountainous. There are also a few rivers and so on.

The terrain of eastern Europe is high in the south and low in the north.

There is the Eastern European Plain.

The terrain slopes from south to north, with wide plains and dense water networks.

The topography of Europe is characterized by plains, the glacial terrain is widely distributed, the high mountains and mountains converge in the south, the plateaus, hills and mountains above 200 meters above sea level account for about 30% of the total area of the continent, the plains below 200 meters above sea level account for about 70% of the total area of the continent, and the average altitude of the whole continent is 300 meters, which is the lowest average altitude of the continent.

Europe, the full name of Europa, the name comes from the Greek mythological character Europa, Europe is located in the northwest of the Eastern Hemisphere, bordered by the Arctic Ocean in the north, the Atlantic Ocean in the west, and the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea in the south. The continent extends to the Polar Ural Mountains to the east, Cape Marroki to the south, Cape Roca to the west, and Cape Norchen to the north.

Europe is the lowest continent in the world, with an average height of only 340 meters. Plains below 200 meters in height account for about 60% of the continent's total area, and the largest proportion of plains is second to none among all continents. The plains of Europe stretch for thousands of kilometers from the Atlantic coast in the west to the foothills of the Ural Mountains in the east, forming a great plain that runs across Europe.

Mountains in Europe occupy a small area, and even fewer mountains, with mountains above 2,000 meters above sea level accounting for only 2% of the continent's total area.

The topographic characteristics of Europe are mainly plains, the terrain is not very undulating, the glacial terrain is extensive, and the surface of Europe is undulating, the terrain is high in the north and south, and the middle is low. The mountains are mainly found in the north and south, with the Scandinavian Mountains in the north and the southAlps

The Alps stretch to the south and are the largest mountain range in Europe. Mount Elbrus, the main peak of the Greater Caucasus Mountains in the southeast, is 5,642 meters above sea level, making it the highest peak in Europe. Scandinavia's mountainous terrain in northern Europe is relatively gentle, with steep fjords running deep inland.

Caspian Sea. The northern coastal lowlands are 28 metres below sea level, the lowest point on the continent.

Natural resources

Europe's mineral resources are rich in coal, oil, iron, and potash. Coal is mainly found in Ukraine.

of Donbass, Poland.

of Silesia, the Ruhr and Saar in Germany, Lorraine and the North in France, England in England.

In central China and other places, these places have world-famous large coal fields. Oil is mainly distributed in the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains, in the North Sea and along its coast.

Other important ones include natural gas, potash, copper, chromium, lignite, lead, zinc, mercury and sulfur. Albania.

The natural asphalt is world-famous. Europe accounts for about 39% of the continent's forest area (including all of Russia). It is 23% of the total area of the world.

The western coast is a world-famous fishing ground, mainly in the Norwegian Sea, the North Sea, the Barents Sea, the Baltic Sea, the Bay of Biscay and other fishing grounds.

Location: Europe is located in the northern hemisphere of the northern and southern hemispheres Europe is located in the western part of the Eurasian continent, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Arctic Ocean to the north.

Asia is located in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres. The east coast of the European continent and the west coast of the Pacific Ocean are bordered by the Arctic Ocean and the Indian Ocean on the north and south sides, respectively.

Topography: The topography of Europe is dominated by plains, and this topography is mainly distributed in the central part of western Europe and the eastern part of Europe; The mountains of Europe are mainly distributed in the north and south This topographic distribution allows the ocean to penetrate deep into the interior of the continent, forming a typical temperate oceanic climate, with mild and rainy year-round

Asia is the continent with the highest terrain, extreme undulations and the most complex landform types in the world. The topographical characteristics of Asia can be summarized as medium, high, and low, and the mountain range is grouped into a belt. Central Asia is high and has many lofty mountains and plateaus, and is low on all sides, with many low and medium mountains, hills and plains; The mountain range is structured in clusters and is closely integrated with intermountain plateaus and basins.

On the eastern edge of the Asian continent, a series of arc-shaped islands protruding into the Pacific Ocean are distributed from north to south, forming a double coast of eastern Asia and enclosing many marginal seas.

Climate: The climate types in western Europe are mainly temperate oceanic climate and Mediterranean climate, the terrain is mainly plain, and the temperate oceanic climate is characterized by mild winters, cooler summers, more annual precipitation, and more uniform seasonal distribution.

The types of Asian climate are complex and diverse, the monsoon climate is significant, and the climate is continental, and Asia is the continent with the strongest continental climate in the world. It is mainly manifested in cold winter, warm and hot summer, higher temperature in spring than autumn temperature, and the annual temperature difference is large.

Rivers: The hydrological characteristics of most rivers in Europe are abundant in water, with little seasonal variation in flow and short river flow during ice-free periods.

Most of Asia's great rivers originate in the plateau and mountains in the central part of the country, and flow radially along the terrain into the sea. The area of the inflow zone is vast.

The terrain of Europe is dominated by plains, with a wide distribution of glacial terrain and high mountains in the south. Plateaus, hills and mountains above 200 meters above sea level account for about 30% of the continent's area, and plains below 200 meters above sea level account for about 70% of the continent's area. The average altitude of the whole continent is 300 meters, which is the lowest average altitude of the continent.

The plains and hills of Europe are mainly distributed in the eastern, western and central parts of Europe, mainly the Eastern European Plain, the Central European Plain and the Western European Plain. Among them, the East European Plain covers an area of 4 million square kilometers, making it the second largest plain in the world. <

The terrain of Europe is dominated by plains, with a wide distribution of glacial terrain and high mountains in the south. Plateaus, hills and mountains above 200 meters above sea level account for about 30% of the continent's area, and plains below 200 meters above sea level account for about 70% of the continent's area. The average altitude of the whole continent is 300 meters, which is the lowest average altitude of the continent.

The plains and hills of Europe are mainly distributed in the eastern, western and central parts of Europe, mainly the Eastern European Plain, the Central European Plain and the Western European Plain. Among them, the East European Plain covers an area of 4 million square kilometers, making it the second largest plain in the world. The mountains are mainly concentrated in the south, and the Alps are the most majestic and tall mountains in Europe.

From this as the center, it stretches to the east into the Carpathians, southeast into the Dinaric Alps, south into the Apennines, and southwest into the Pyrenees. The northern Scandinavia Mountains are gentle, with many steep fjords running inland.

The European terrain is characterized by high in the middle and low on all sides.

The average height of the European terrain is 340 meters, the terrain is dominated by plains, and a series of mountains rise in the south, collectively known as the Alpine system, among which Mont Blanc is 4807 meters above sea level, Mont Blanc belongs to the territory of Rolling Reeds in France, becoming the highest peak in Western Europe. The European terrain is characterized by high in the middle and low on all sides.

The longest river is the Volga, with a length of 3,690 km, and the second largest river is the Danube, with a length of 2,850 km, and the largest river in the world. Europe's coastline is very tortuous, with many peninsulas, islands, bays and inland seas, and Scandinavia in Northern Europe is the largest peninsula in Europe. Europe is the only continent with a permanent population that does not have a tropical climate, and the cold climate occupies a small area, so the climate is mild and the precipitation is evenly distributed.

European Population and Landscape

Europe ranks sixth in the world in terms of area, with a population density of 70 km, making it the third most populous continent in the world, second only to Asia and Africa, and more than 99% of the population is of the white race, which is relatively single. Europe is one of the most habitable continents with a high standard of human life, a high environmental and human development index.

Europe is bounded by the Ural Mountains and the Ural River in the east, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus Mountains and the Black Sea in the southeast, the Atlantic Ocean, the Greenland Sea, the Strait of Denmark and North America in the west, the Arctic Ocean in the north, the Mediterranean Sea and Africa in the south, and the Strait of Gibraltar as the boundary.

The northernmost point of Europe is Cape Norchen in Norway, the southernmost point is Cape Marrocchi in Spain, and the westernmost point is Cape Roca in Portugal. Europe is the second smallest continent and continent in the world, only larger than Oceania, and it is called Eurasia together with Asia, and Asia, Europe and Africa together are called Eurasia.

Refer to the above content: Encyclopedia - Europe.