Cultivation method of edible mushrooms, indoor cultivation methods of edible mushrooms

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Edible mushroom cultivation is different from crops in that it does not use soil, the ground is just a support for edible mushroom cultivation. Edible mushroom cultivation uses culture material, and edible fungus decomposes the culture material to build itself. The vast majority of these cultures are agricultural and forestry by-products of lignocellulosic that cannot be eaten directly by humans, such as straw, wood chips and livestock manure.

Although there are many types of edible fungi, the cultivation procedure is basically the same, that is, the preparation and sterilization of culture materials or fermentation and inoculation of mushrooms (some edible fungi need to be covered with soil) and mushroom (ear) harvest. Some species only produce one stubble, while others can produce several stubbles.

Determination of cultivation time. Under natural conditions, cultivation is usually scheduled in May to September, when the average daily temperature reaches 23 or more. If there is heating equipment in the mushroom room, and the room temperature reaches 28 32, the annual production can be realized.

Site selection. At present, there are two main cultivation methods: outdoor furrow cultivation and indoor bed frame cultivation. Outdoor furrow cultivation is a commonly used cultivation method in the open field.

Raw material reserves. Straw should be used as much as possible as a single season late rice or continuous late rice straw, and it is required to be dry and mildew-free. According to the formula of culture material and the scale of production, calculate the quantity of lime, wheat bran, dried cow dung, superphosphate and other raw materials for storage.

Pretreatment and fermentation of culture materials. Pre-wetting: Add lime powder to the pool or other containers, adjust it to 2% lime water, soak the straw in the pool for 3 6h, let the straw be fully wet and then mix in the rest of the auxiliary materials, and then make a straw pile on the ground and cover it with a film, so that the water penetrates evenly with each other.

Shelf: The pre-wet straw is laid on the bed frame, and the tile-covered method is adopted, and the thickness is 25 30cm after compaction. Then pour water layer by layer until there are water dripping down each layer to degrees.

After the straw is put on the shelf, the plastic film around it is put down to facilitate heat preservation. Pasteurization: Heat the straw immediately after it is put on the shelf, so that the room temperature in the mushroom shed reaches 66 75, and the temperature of the middle layer reaches about 63, and the fire is stopped after 8 10h.

Seeding and germination management.

6.Mushroom management and harvesting.

The indoor planting methods of edible mushrooms include preparing mushroom rooms, preparing nutrients, inoculating and covering soil, and growing environment.

1. Prepare the mushroom room: the environment for mushroom growth is relatively humid, when cultivating mushrooms indoors, you should choose a backlit room, and cover the floor and walls of the room with plastic film to avoid water evaporation, if there is a window in the room, you should use a blackout cloth to block it, and install an incandescent lamp to the center of the room.

2. Preparation of nutrients: When planting mushrooms, it is necessary to use straw, wheat straw, corn stalks, corn cobs and other materials to mix and prepare nutrients, and put the nutrients into plastic bags, put them in the pot, and pour water into the pot, heat until the water boils, wait for an hour, and then remove the nutrients.

3. Inoculation and soil covering: After the nutrients are cooled, they can be evenly spread on the floor of the room, and the thickness is kept at 15 cm, and then the original mushroom seeds are sprinkled above the nutrients, and then covered with sieved fine soil, and then sprayed with water on the soil surface, and mushrooms will grow after two weeks.

4. Growth environment: In the process of breeding, the ambient temperature should be kept at about 20 degrees, so as to facilitate the growth of the fruiting body of the mushroom, during the growth of the mushroom, the environmental humidity should be kept at 70%, and the humidity should be kept at 60% after the mushroom emerges, so that it can grow better.

Introduction to edible mushrooms

Edible mushrooms refer to mushrooms (macrofungi) with large fruiting bodies and edible mushrooms, commonly known as mushrooms.