Planetary orbits are how planetary orbits are formed

It's not some bullshit centrifugal force. Planetary orbits are formed early in the star system in which they are located, such as the solar system.

Throughout the early solar system, with the exception of the huge star in the center, the periphery attracted a lot of debris of material that rotated with the entire solar system, and the rotation came from the overall angular momentum formed in the early days.

Over time, gravity causes small pieces of matter to gradually become large pieces, eventually forming planets. Because the small pieces of matter are unevenly distributed, they become independent planetary orbits that are far away from each other.

Imagine a square with a group of people, a singer singing in the center, the singer starts to spin and dance, and the fans join hands and follow along. At first, it was chaotic, but over time, it will form a hand-in-hand circle.

Of course, it is possible for circles to overlap. But if the square is larger, the more unevenly the people are distributed, and the less overlapping the circles are.

The circle is the orbit of the planet. Eventually, the rotational momentum of matter within a circle balances the gravitational pull of the sun. Eventually, the gravitational pull of the matter in the orbit is the most significant, and it becomes larger and larger, becoming a planet.

Therefore, it is "orbits first, then planets".

Many of the problems are due to the formation of primitive rotational momentum from the primordial nebula of the solar system.

Why aren't planets colliding with each other because of gravity? -- because the planets have their own stable orbits;

Why do planets have stable orbits? --It should be a balance between centripetal force and centrifugal force.

You kneaded the two questions together.

1.Kepler's Three Laws (based on the discovery of the first valley cystitis).

1) Kepler's First Law - breaks that the orbit of the planets is a perfect circle.

The orbit of the planet around the Sun is elliptical, and the Sun is located at one of the focal points of the elliptical orbit.

The previous geocentric and heliocentric theory (Copernicus).

Kepler had previously used the shape of an ovoid to explain the orbits of the planets, and finally found that the ellipse was the correct trajectory.

The focal object is on the straight line of the major axis of the ellipse.

2) Kepler's second law.

The planets orbit the Sun, and in the same amount of time, the area swept by the planets (fan-shaped) is equal.

Planets at perihelion turn faster than aphelion.

illustrates the conservation of angular momentum:

Angular momentum: A physical quantity produced by an object when it is in motion.

Angular momentum = mass of the planet * velocity of the planet * distance of the planet from the sun * sine of the angle between velocity and distance.

At an angle of 90°, the sine value is 1).

The angular momentum expression is the part after the mass of the planet = the area swept by the planet per unit time.

For example, in figure skating, the athlete folds his arms when he spins late, and the distance from the center of rotation becomes closer, and the rotation speed increases.

3) Kepler's Third Law Ten years.

At the same time, the astronomical telescope was used to observe the celestial phenomena and complete the production of a star catalog.

Definition: The square of a planet's rotation period is proportional to the cube of its distance from the Sun.

Water (88 days in a Mercury year), gold (225 days), earth, fire (700 days), wood (12 times the distance between the sun and earth), earth (30 times), heavenly king, and sea king (these two were not found at the time).

Significance: Drawing out Newton's gravitational force.

The orbits of the planets around the Sun are described below

The orbit of the planets around the Sun is elliptical.

This problem is actually because Einstein's general theory of relativity mentions that the mass of stars is large enough to distort space, and space is slightly curved, so the orbit of the planet is elliptical.

As the planet revolves around the Sun, it will be subjected to two forces from the Sun, one of which is the gravitational force, which is in the direction perpendicular to the direction of motion of the planet, which provides the centripetal force for the circular motion of the planet. The second is the vortex force generated by the rotating mass field of the sun, which is in the same direction as the direction of the planet's movement or movement, so that the linear velocity of the planet's circular motion will continue to increase.

According to classical mechanics, the radius of the orbit of an object in circular motion is proportional to the square of the linear velocity under the condition that the centripetal force remains unchanged; Therefore, when the linear velocity of a planetary increases, the radius of its orbit will increase at the same time. Therefore, under the action of the two forces of the sun, the planet undergoes a non-uniform circular motion, from the initial circular orbit to the elliptical orbit. This orbital evolution of the planet is exactly the same as that of the stars of the Milky Way.

The speed of the eight planets of the solar system:

Mercury orbital period: 88 days, rotation period: days.

Venus's orbital period: days, rotation period: 243 days.

Earth's orbital period: days, rotation period: 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4 seconds.

Mars orbital period: days, rotation period: 24 hours, 37 minutes and 22 seconds.

Jupiter's orbital period: about years, rotation period: 9 hours, 50 minutes, 30 seconds.

Saturn's orbital period: about years, rotation period: 10 hours 14 minutes (equator) Uranus's orbital period: about years, rotation period: 17 hours, 14 minutes 24 seconds.

Neptune's orbital period: about years, rotation period: 15 hours, 57 minutes and 59 seconds.

An asteroid is a celestial body in the solar system that resembles a planet orbiting the sun, but is much smaller in size and mass than a planet.

Asteroids are generally considered to have evolved from microplanets during the formative period of the solar system and are the most discovered objects in the solar system. It is estimated that there are millions of stars in the small line.

Asteroids are remnants of matter after the formation of the solar system. There is a speculation that they may be the remains of a mysterious planet that was destroyed by a massive cosmic collision in ancient times. But judging by the characteristics of these asteroids, they don't look like they once came together.

If all the asteroids were added together to form a single celestial body, it would be less than 1,500 kilometers in diameter – smaller than the radius of the Moon.

At first, astronomers thought that the asteroid was formed by the rupture of a planet between Mars and Jupiter, but the total mass of all the asteroids in the asteroid belt is smaller than that of the Moon.

Astronomers believe that asteroids are remnants of material that did not form planets during the formation of the solar system. Jupiter's mass grows the fastest when it forms in the solar system, and it prevents the formation of another planet in the region of the asteroid belt. The orbits of the asteroids in the asteroid belt region are disturbed by Jupiter, and they are constantly colliding and shattering.

Other material was expelled from their orbits and collided with other planets.

Large asteroids heat up after formation due to the decay of the radioactive isotope 26Al (and possibly the radioisotope 60Fe) of aluminum. Heavy elements such as nickel and iron sink into the interior of the asteroid in this case, while light elements such as silicon float up. This results in the separation of the material inside the asteroid.

The composition of the new asteroids created after subsequent collisions and ruptures is therefore different. Some of these fragments later fell to Earth and became meteorites.

The planet located between the Earth's orbit and Jupiter's orbit is Mars.

Mars is the fourth closest planet to the Sun and the second smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury, one of the four terrestrial planets in the Solar System. The West calls Mars, the god of war in Roman mythology, also known as the "Red Planet"; In ancient Chinese, it was called Yingfu because it was like fire, and its position and brightness often changed to make people unpredictable. On the planet Fire Lead is Mount Olympus, the largest known mountain in the solar system, and Mariner Canyon, the largest canyon.

The Martian atmosphere, which is dominated by carbon dioxide, is thin and cold, full of craters, canyons, sand dunes and gravel, with no stable liquid water, and the southern hemisphere is ancient, highland full of impact craters, and the northern hemisphere is a younger lowland plain.

Mars Introduction:

Mars is about half the diameter of Earth, has a volume of 15%, a mass of 11%, a surface area equivalent to the Earth's land area, and a much smaller density than the other three terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, and Earth). In terms of radius, mass, and surface gravity, Mars is about halfway between the Earth and the Moon; Mars is about twice the diameter of the Moon and half the diameter of Earth; The mass is about nine times that of the Moon and 1 9 of the Earth, and the surface gravity is about twice that of the Moon and 2 5 of the Earth.

Mars Mars is the fourth planet in the solar system from the inside to the outside (the first three are Mercury, Venus, and Earth), which is a terrestrial planet, with a diameter of about half the diameter of the Earth, and it takes twice as long to rotate around the axis of rotation and rotation period. In the West, it is called Mars, the god of war, and in China, it is called the Luminous Star, because it shines like fire, and its position and brightness often change.

For planets. Gravitational force provides the centripetal force.

gmm/(r^2)=mv^2/r

r=gm/(v^2)

As long as we know the mass of the earth m and the planet's orbital velocity v (g is the constant force of the branch width, g can be calculated by skillful rent.

Asteroids also have their own orbits, such as Mars and Jupiter.

between the asteroid belt.

There are tens of thousands of asteroids orbiting the sun. But the orbit of the asteroid is not very stable. One of the important reasons for this is that they are small in size and are susceptible to the gravitational pull of other large planets. As a result, asteroids often hit other planets.

Planets have their own orbits, no matter how big or small, they are in.

They are able to rotate themselves, and then they all move in a circle around the star!