Why is it difficult for migrant workers to work? In recent years, it has been particularly difficult

At present, most factory enterprises have an age limit for recruitment, generally requiring between 16 and 40 years old, with a certain level of education (junior high school education or above), and migrant workers generally have low educational qualifications.

Personally, I feel that due to the impact of real estate, the catering service industry is also sluggish, and there are few consumers, and the corresponding catering service industry will also be negatively affected. As a result, migrant workers between the ages of 40 and 50 are not easy to find a job washing dishes in restaurants, and many restaurant owners serve their own families and do not hire helpers at all.

There are very few national construction projects, some rely on manual manufacturing plants, the profits are low, the cost of workers' wages is too high, many enterprises go to Southeast Asian countries, and the living standards of Southeast Asian countries are low, just like in China in the 80s, workers' wages are about one yuan per day. The closure of enterprises, the transfer of enterprises, and the excessively high wages are the main reasons for the difficulty of migrant workers in finding employment.

The cultural and technical skills of migrant workers are generally low, and the wages of migrant workers have skyrocketed in the past few years, and in enterprises and construction sites, wages and benefits have been raised, and they have become more and more dragged. The foreman is also very helpless, and the company is forced to endure headaches.

With the gradual rapid development: it is difficult to gain a foothold in the city without professional knowledge! Therefore, this is the reason why we cannot turn our eyes into the city.

I think that the age of migrant workers is generally older, and many employers have age restrictions, and their social security is very low, although the wages are not low, but migrant workers work day and night, wages cannot be paid stably, and even arrears of wages for various reasons, such treatment, there is no motivation to work.

I don't feel very difficult, I'm 48 years old and still working, Ningbo, Zhejiang is recruiting workers everywhere, our company has no special skills can only do general workers, 3000 or so 8 hours, 16 yuan an hour of overtime, more than 5000 technology, workshop director 6000-8000, managers are more than 10000, technical managers are 15-200,000 annual salary, all personnel have five insurances.

Especially with the rise of artificial intelligence in recent years, many people, including ourselves, are also worried that one day they will be replaced by artificial intelligence, and they are also deeply anxious, just like a friend's aunt, who came to Beijing to work a few years ago in her 40s, and it is very hard to go out early and return late every day. It is also a reminder that if we can improve our own value, we will enhance our own value, and it is really difficult to find a job in the future.

Due to the continuous cooling of real estate and the recession of the construction industry, many construction companies are not hiring, so there are more and more laid-off workers, not to mention migrant workers. In addition, due to the increase in the number of unemployed people now, the competition is also great, especially if there are special things at home that are delayed or go home for the Spring Festival, and if you come back late, you will lose your job.

A friend is now about to be 40 years old, these years has been engaged in the construction site to tie steel work, every time he goes home he wants to say a few more words to the child, ask about the current learning situation, because there is no culture, the temper is relatively poor, every chat is unhappy, in a conversation, the eldest son distressed his father asked him why he didn't change jobs, he also thought yes, can't you do something else, and finally said: 'It's not that I don't want to, my father has not gone to school, there is no culture, It's too late to learn the rest, you can't learn it, you have to work hard to go to school now, and you can't be like me when you grow up" In fact, from their dialogue, we feel that the migrant workers who go out to work are now getting more and more difficult to do, and the wages are becoming more and more difficult to get, why is this the case, now the country is developing rapidly, all kinds of economic construction and economic foundation, but now the quality and culture of migrant workers have not been improved accordingly, as the saying goes, it is now impossible to catch up with the times.

At present, many construction companies in the infrastructure industry are not recruiting, because the housing prices are high and cannot be sold, resulting in many vacant houses, so the infrastructure industry has reached a saturated state, and there are more and more laid-off workers, not to mention migrant workers.

My personal opinion is that the problem of migrant workers' difficulty in working is becoming more and more obvious, and the main reasons are as follows:

First, the changes of the times. With the rapid development of China's industry, commerce and service industry, informatization, mechanization, intelligence, quality, and service-oriented have brought new requirements to the industry, commerce and service industry. Therefore, it is difficult for migrant workers to find part-time jobs in this regard.

The second is the change in the market demand of migrant workers. Migrant workers generally do not have high educational qualifications and low cultural literacy, and are suitable for the category of coolie labor, such as manual manufacturing, intensive assembly enterprises, logistics and distribution industry, construction industry and other industries that do not contain technical content requirements.

In the early stage of China's reform and opening up and the introduction of a large number of foreign capital, the market for the demand for migrant workers was very large, and it was easy for migrant workers to enter the enterprise to work, forming a trend of migrant workers. With the passage of time, China's economic construction has achieved rapid development, and the new requirements for enterprise development have brought about new changes, all of which are developing in the direction of informatization, mechanization, intelligence, quality and service, while the market of migrant workers will move towards saturation and recession.

The main problem in the construction sector comes from the fact that real estate development is gradually on the right track, and blind development has decreased. In addition, some large real estate companies are heavily indebted and forced to suspend work, such as Evergrande. In the northwest and northeast, due to the climate, work is stopped early in winter, leaving construction workers with nothing to do.

Many cities in the north of Jinyi, Jin, Shandong, and Henan have issued winter shutdown orders, mainly for environmental protection and air pollution, so the mining and steel construction enterprises have been affected, which is also the main reason for the unemployment of workers.

The third is the impact of the new coronavirus epidemic. Unconsciously, the impact of the new coronavirus epidemic has been for several years, which has directly affected the normal development and operation of all walks of life, resulting in the loss of orders from many enterprises, the suspension of production of enterprises, and the silence of a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises, which is even worse for the market demand of migrant workers.

Because with the development of society and the progress of science and technology, these jobs are being replaced by technology and machinery, and the market demand for migrant workers has declined to a certain extent, so it is difficult.

Because the market demand for migrant workers is relatively low, and now that the society is developed, many skilled positions require intelligence, which will make it particularly difficult for migrant workers to work.

Because many people can't pay migrant workers on time in their lives, and now the Internet economy is also rising. In fact, it will have a lot to do with the country's industrial structure. Many jobs have now been replaced by intelligent robots.

Clause. 1. Self-consumption.

1. Spend part of your daily entertainment.

Usually work very hard, therefore, in order to relieve pressure, some workers will still relax if they have time and funds, either playing cards, or singing and drinking, but this is easy to consume uncontrollably, and the amount is difficult to estimate.

2. The money for the ticket home.

Migrant workers generally go home a few days before the Feng Tuan, and the construction site will not reimburse the fare, so for workers in remote areas, the cost of transportation is not small, although only a few times a year, but the average cost is more than 400 each time.

3. It also costs a lot of money to buy tobacco and alcohol.

Workers who work outside will more or less like to smoke and drink, although they are usually more frugal, and the cigarettes and alcohol they smoke and drink are very cheap, maybe only a dozen yuan, but we must understand that even if it is cheap, it will still cost a lot of money over time.

4. Spend some money on food and housing.

Although it is said that the construction sites are all inclusive of food and accommodation, there are still many construction sites that do not cover these, so migrant workers can only rent a house to live by themselves, plus their own food and drink, a month's accommodation and food expenses, or more than 1,000.

Clause. 2. Household consumption.

Favor expenses cost money.

New Year's and festivals can not avoid one thing, that is, the cost of favors, not silver letter orange care what is the matter, as long as you invite you must go, so that gifts are essential, as little as a few hundred yuan, more than thousands, this is not easy to identify.

Children can't go to school without money.

Whether the child is educated in the first place, or goes to the city to study, it costs a lot of money, which is a lot of money for rural families, and now many migrant workers hope that their children can get a good education and become excellent people in the future.

It has become an obstacle to migrant workers entering the city.

1. The popularization of labor law has increased labor costs, and enterprises have become more cautious in recruiting workers.

In the past, the peasant generation never asked for five insurances and one housing fund when they went to the city, as long as they gave money, they would start working, even if they paid off the money at one time at the end of the year. However, with the popularization of labor law, five insurances and one housing fund have become the consensus of workers between urban and rural areas. And after the social security is collected and paid by the tax department, enterprises that do not pay insurance to employees or pay less insurance will face more difficulties

They may be required to pay back and may be restricted from participating in bidding.

The popularization of labor laws and the strengthening of the monitoring of taxation and social security have made the company more conservative, and it will not recruit people if it can not recruit people.

2. Environmental protection has been upgraded, and the frequent shutdown orders in large cities have led to long-term idleness of migrant workers.

Environmental protection is a good thing, but some areas have taken too many administrative measures to alleviate protection, requiring relevant enterprises to stop work during major events or heavily polluted weather, and even requiring construction to be stopped in winter. Issuing a stoppage notice is simple, but it is a real loss for the enterprise, the machinery employed, the workers hired are costs, many enterprises have passed on the cost of stoppage to workers, and the wages are not counted during the shutdown, resulting in many migrant workers being idle in the city for a long time, not only did not earn money, this instability of expectations for next year is also one of the important reasons why migrant workers do not want to leave home after the year.

3. Mechanization and intelligence have seriously replaced manual labor, and the number of labor positions suitable for migrant workers has been reduced. Many of the original labor-intensive industries have been upgraded to mechanization and intelligence, and the entire production process has been fully mechanized, for example, many automobile companies have achieved zero manual assembly. The development of science and technology has quickly replaced simple and repetitive labor, and machines have robbed many migrant workers of their jobs, making it more difficult to work in the city, and the requirements for migrant workers are getting higher and higher, making it difficult for many farmers to find suitable jobs in the city.

4. The large environmental impact makes the profits of enterprises thinner, and the expansion and recruitment of enterprises are more conservative. After nearly 40 years of high growth, we are aware of the possible risks in finance, so we have taken the initiative to deleverage and carry out supply-side structural reform in recent years. Originally, many enterprises with oversupply of commodities did not turn the corner for a while, these enterprises have business difficulties, thin profits and even bankruptcy, with the economic growth rate of the next step down, the whole society for the future expectations become more conservative, so enterprises are eager to break a penny to spend twice, neither willing to expand the scale, nor willing to rashly recruit workers, so that the actual employment in the society has declined.

5. The attractiveness of cities to rural areas has declined, with the development of society, it has now entered a new stage of urban counter-compensation to rural areas, and policies such as targeted poverty alleviation, rural revitalization, and returning to the hometown to start a business have been proposed, and the state's investment in rural areas has continued to increase, and the gap between rural and urban grassroots facilities is getting smaller and smaller. Nowadays, both rural and urban areas watch the same TV, use the same mobile phones, play the same games, and even learn the same courses online. Many farmers on the scene no longer envy the life in the city as before, and the countryside has mountains, rivers and fields, which is more suitable for life.

1.Inadequate legal protection: Since many migrant workers are temporary workers concentrated in urban areas, their labor contracts and employment relationships are often complex, and legal protection is not in place, resulting in frequent wage arrears and wage arrears by employers.

2.Inadequate management: Some employers do not have a sound management mechanism, nor do they have an effective assessment and supervision mechanism, which makes it difficult for migrant workers to protect their legitimate rights and interests.

3.Capital management: Many enterprises have a long capital chain, especially small and micro enterprises, resulting in enterprises temporarily unable to pay the wages of migrant workers.

4.Cultural factors: Some migrant workers have a low level of education, do not have sufficient legal awareness and knowledge, and do not understand salary calculation, etc., and are easy to be taken advantage of by some employers.

It is not difficult to achieve a monthly salary system, which requires employers to improve their management and operation levels, enhance their sense of integrity, sign complete and compliant labor contracts and salary verification standards, and improve the corresponding personnel assessment and supervision mechanisms. **The department also needs to introduce relevant policies and measures to strengthen the handling of labor and personnel disputes and support for legal aid, so as to help migrant workers protect their rights and interests and promote the improvement of labor conditions.