The current state of European philosophy, the current state of French philosophy

Scientism and humanism.

Summary. France has always been an important birthplace and research center of philosophy, and its philosophical community has undergone important changes and developments in the 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, existentialism became one of the main schools of French philosophy, and its representatives included Sartre, Camus, etc.

Through their exploration of the nature and meaning of human existence, they propose a philosophy of survival that rebels and seeks freedom. Later, French structuralism emerged in the 50s of the 20th century, and its representatives included Lacan, the School of Paris, etc. Structuralism advocates exploring the nature of the world through the analysis and interpretation of systems, symbols, etc.

In the 21st century, new trends have emerged in the French philosophical community, such as existentialists, transcendental idealists, and ecological philosophers who focus on the body and the sensibility. At the same time, the French philosophical community is also facing challenges from other disciplines such as artificial intelligence, cognitive science, and other fields. In general, the current state of French philosophy is diverse and rich, constantly evolving and new schools of thought and schools are constantly emerging.

France has always been an important birthplace and research center of philosophy, and its philosophical community has undergone important changes and developments in the 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, existentialism became one of the main schools of French philosophy, and its representatives included Sartre, Camus, etc. Through their exploration of the nature and meaning of human existence, they propose a philosophy of survival that rebels and seeks freedom.

Later, French structuralism emerged in the 50s of the 20th century, and its representatives included Lacan, the School of Paris, etc. Structuralism advocates exploring the nature of the world through the analysis and interpretation of systems, symbols, etc. In the 21st century, new trends have emerged in the French philosophical community, such as those who focus on the existence of the body and the sensibility, transcendental idealists, and ecological philosophers.

At the same time, the French philosophical community is also facing challenges from other disciplines such as artificial intelligence and cognitive science. In general, the current state of French philosophy is diverse and rich, constantly evolving and new schools of thought and schools are constantly emerging.

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France has always been an important birthplace and research center of philosophy, and its philosophical community has undergone important changes and developments in the 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, existentialism became one of the main schools of French philosophy, and its representatives included Sartre, Camus, etc. Through their exploration of the nature and meaning of human existence, they propose a philosophy of survival that rebels and seeks freedom.

Later, French structuralism emerged in the 50s of the 20th century, and its representatives included Lacan, the School of Paris, etc. Structuralism advocates exploring the nature of the world through the analysis and interpretation of systems, symbols, etc. In the 21st century, new trends have emerged in the French philosophical community, such as those who focus on the existence of the body and the sensibility, transcendental idealists, and ecological philosophers.

At the same time, the French philosophical community is also facing challenges from other disciplines such as artificial intelligence and cognitive science. In general, the current state of French philosophy is diverse and rich, constantly evolving and new schools of thought and schools are constantly emerging.

German classical philosophy is a monument in the history of European philosophy and has played an important role in promoting the development of Western philosophy. In Germany, the study of classical philosophy is very active, attracting the attention of a large number of philosophers and scholars.

At present, the study of Nasso's German classical philosophy is mainly focused on the following aspects:

1.Kant Philosophical Research: Kant is one of the representatives of German classical philosophy, and his philosophical ideas have had a great impact on German philosophy. At present, the study of Kant's philosophy mainly focuses on Kant's epistemology and ethics.

2.Hegel's Philosophical Studies: Hegel is one of the most important philosophers in the history of German philosophy, and his ideas have had a profound impact on later philosophy. At present, the study of Hegel's philosophy is mainly focused on his idealism, dialectics, and philosophy of history.

3.Nietzsche Philosophical Studies: Nietzsche is one of the most controversial philosophers in the history of German philosophy, and his ideas have had a huge impact on modern philosophy. At present, the study of Nietzsche's philosophy is mainly focused on his will to the philosophy of power, the philosophy of the transman, and cultural criticism.

4.Study of German Romantic Philosophy: German Romantic philosophy is an important school of German classical philosophy, which emphasizes the importance of personality and emotion, and has had a profound impact on later philosophy.

At present, the study of German Romantic philosophy is mainly focused on the philosophy of poets, natural philosophy, and philosophy of art.

In general, the study of German classical philosophy in Germany is very active, attracting the attention of a large number of philosophers and scholars. In the future, the study of German classical philosophy will continue to be deepened, providing more enlightenment and help for people to understand the history of philosophy and think about philosophical issues.

German classical philosophy is one of the important schools in the history of Western philosophy, and its research scope involves the ideas of many philosophers such as Kant, Hegel, and Nietzsche. In Germany, the study of classical philosophy has always been of great interest and is widely used in the field of education. At present, the departments of philosophy and humanities and social sciences of some German universities offer courses in the field of German classical philosophy, and there are also many scholars who are committed to the study of this field.

In addition, there are a number of institutions in Germany that specialize in philosophical research, such as the Max Planck Institute for Philosophy and the Institute of Philosophy of the Free University of Berlin, which also have corresponding research projects and achievements in the field of classical philosophy. In general, German classical philosophy remains a highly valued field of study in Germany.

The difference between continental philosophy and analytic philosophy: the former is an interpretive, romantic habit of thinking. The latter is an empirical and scientific habit of thinking, while continental philosophy and analytic philosophy are the differences between habits of thought.

Continental philosophy is concerned with meaning, while Benthamism (English philosophy or analytic philosophical tradition) is concerned with truth.

The philosophical philosopher's stone in the Continental tradition is the question of practice. For most philosophers in the continental tradition, philosophy was a means of critiquing reality, in order to advance a reflective consciousness of reality in crisis, whether it was expressed as a crisis of faith in a vulgar and banal world (Kierkegaard) or a crisis of European natural philosophy (Husserl).

Or the crisis of the humanities (Foucault), the crisis of nihilism (Nietzsche), the crisis of forgetting existence (Heidegger), the crisis of petty-bourgeois capitalist society (Quiet Marx), the crisis of instrumental rationality and the domination of nature (Adorno and Horkheimer), or something else.

Philosophy, as a keen reflection on history, culture, and society, brings about an awakening of critical consciousness, what Husserl called the resurrection of traditions that have been accumulated. In a world dominated by science, philosophy has become an epistemological scavency, a condition for science to become possible, and a scavenger of science.

But does the scientific worldview completely preclude the need to find answers to the question of the meaning of life? No. Far from bridging the gap between knowledge and wisdom, the scientific worldview makes it more palpable to us.

It is not possible to forcibly distinguish which one is more difficult and which is easier, but can be analyzed according to individual circumstances according to the difference, and the distinction between continental philosophy and analytical philosophy is as follows:

1.Continental philosophy is a kind of large essay, which is inherently far away from mathematics, so it requires a lot of original modeling to effectively falsify its basic propositions, but it is also easy to deduce the pseudo-propositions contained in the stacking by mathematical and physical methods because of the tradition of scientific and technological terminology stacking in continental philosophy.

2.Analytic philosophy is a kind of half-textual mixed text, which is inseparable from mathematics and remains the meme of Ou Zhe's scientific and technical terms, so that it is possible to directly deduce the flaws contained in the propositions of philosophy from the mathematical terminology of analytic philosophy without a large number of original modeling.

3.The inherent essay memes of philosophy determine that all philosophies adhere to the paradigm of accumulation of scientific and technological terms, and thus that all philosophies, including continental philosophy and analytic philosophy, are deconstructible, with the difference only in the heat equivalent consumed in deconstruction. As long as we stick to the essays of scientific terms, philosophical propositions are bound to contain hard flaws, which is the bottom logic that defines the difficulty equation.

4.Analytic philosophy and continental philosophy have a greater discourse power in the country: European philosophy has a greater discourse power than analytic philosophy.

The reasons for Brexit are complex and cannot be solved simply by philosophy.

Brexit is not in the interests of the British bourgeoisie, and Britain actually wants to use Brexit to blackmail the EU into making concessions and obtaining a special status. Who knew that the fake came true.

It shows that the interests of the country are not consistent with the interests of the people. The interests of the ruling class coincide with the interests of the state.

In the 18th century, epistemological issues occupied a prominent position in the European philosophical circles, and two major epistemological schools were formed, represented by Leibniz and empiricism, represented by Hume. Kant believed that if the problem of epistemology is not solved, philosophy can only wander on the wrong path, and he first criticized Leibniz's metaphysical theory that was popular in Europe at that time, pointing out that Leibniz believed that there was no need for perceptual experience, and that only human rational thinking could understand the universality and inevitability of things, and that truth could be reached, which was "arbitrary" and absurd. Kant insisted that the human mind did not possess this capacity, so the old metaphysics represented by Leibniz was hypocritical.

Kant agreed with Hume that human knowledge begins with experience. But he also criticized Hume for denying the role of reason in knowing, arguing that this is actually a denial of scientific knowledge. Kant recognized the one-sidedness of both sides of the argument, and while criticizing the mistakes of both sides, he also pointed out that some of the statements of both sides were correct.

Kant's view is that human knowledge begins with experience, and knowledge comes from reason.