How long the history of Taoist priests is a folk custom

The predecessor of the Taoist priest is "Fangshi", if you want to trace the history of the Taoist priest? Naturally, we can't help but talk about the group of "Fangshi". Therefore, here is an excerpt from the "Preface" of the first panoramic historical biography of Chinese Taoism - "The Creation of the Dao".

According to the "Historical Records of Feng Zen Book", the earliest alchemist in ancient China was Chang Hong (582 492 BC) in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Also known as Chang Hong.

Uncle Word, also known as Uncle Chang. He was born in Zizhou, Sichuan, and now Zizhong County, Neijiang City. Zhou Jingwang and Zhou Jingwang were subordinate doctors of Liu Wengong.

The 15 posthumous works "Chang Hong" are unfortunately gone, but the remarks can now be scattered in books such as "Zuo Chuan", "Chinese", "Kong Congzi", "Lü's Spring and Autumn", and "Huainanzi"), and it is said that he was granted an official position by the king of Zhou for mastering the study of yin and yang and the affairs of ghosts and gods. His main work at that time was to observe celestial phenomena, deduce the calendar, divinate good fortune and evil, make ** the travel and daily life of the Zhou royal family, rituals and wars, etc., and predict and interpret natural changes and celestial changes. In his later years, he was killed by Zhao Ying, Jin Qing, for helping his boss Liu Wengong's in-law family Fan in the "Jinqing infighting", and his bones were buried on the north mountain of Luoyang, Henan.

It is said that three years after his death, his heart turned into red jade and his blood turned into jasper, thus leaving behind the eternal legend of "Changhong turning blue" and "blue blood pill heart", which means loyalty and justice.

The above explanation: The history of Taoist priests is more than 2,500 years.

As a polytheistic religion, Taoism worships immortals as the embodiment of the belief in "Tao". Taoist priests are Taoist clergy, and palaces, temples, and Taoist temples are places for Taoist activities. In ancient times, Taoists mainly achieved the goal of consummating merit and ascending to immortality by taking the outer pill immortal medicine, refining qi and guiding in the inner pill cultivation, and then cultivating Taoist rituals and their own spells.

The above shows that Taoism is a religion with theological worship as the core, not folk customs, and of course Taoist priests are theologians, not ordinary people.

As a religion that gathers different cultures and ideas in various parts of China in the past dynasties, Taoism is based on the ancient Chinese concept of ghost and god worship, based on the Huang and Lao Taoist thoughts, inheriting the immortal magic since the Warring States period, and gradually evolved into today's form. Therefore, Taoism was not created by one person, one time, or one place, and its long history can be traced back to the Yellow Emperor period in ancient times, and gradually formed in the Zhou, Qin, and Han dynasties.

ButAs the birth of a religious group, each faction will be the ancestor of the Heavenly Master Zhang Ling(February 22, 34 A.D., September 9, 156).The establishment of the "Five Buckets of Rice Dao", the first organized order in the history of Taoism, is regarded as the beginning, and has a history of more than 1,800 years

There are still real Taoist priests in China.

Recently, it is often suggested that that the Taoist temple is commercialized, and that Taoist temple is a tourist attraction.

It's not a real Taoist temple, and many people will have such an idea in their hearts, but in fact, this idea is wrong, because every Taoist temple is a dojo for the ancestors to cultivate, and they are all real Taoist temples.

If you have the heart of travel, then you are entering the Taoist temple, and if you have the heart of worship, then you are entering the Taoist temple. Taoist temples are all the same Taoist temples, and they are all dojos practiced by the ancestors, but the people who enter the Taoist temples have different ideas. In fact, the difference between Taoist temples and tourist attractions is just the "difference in your heart" when you enter the Taoist again.

Categories of Taoist priests

In the Taoist sect, there are various classifications of Taoist priests. In the "Three Caves Cultivators", the Taoist priests are divided into nine types, including the Taoist priests of the Cave God Division, the Taoist priests of the High Xuan Division, and the Taoist priests of the Shengxuan Division, and the female Taoist priests are divided into Zhengyi.

Mengwei female official, cave goddess female official, high Xuannu.

There are eight types of officials, which are divided according to the rank of Taoist priests.

The Three Caves are divided into six kinds of Taoist priests: "First, innocent Taoists, second, immortal Taoists, third, mountain dwelling Taoists, fourth, monks, fifth, lay Taoists, sixth, sacrificial wine Taoists." "This is divided according to the realm of practice.

Taoism believes that by chanting the sutra ten thousand times, Taoist priests can achieve the goal of cultivating the Tao and becoming immortals and communicating with the gods. According to the "Supreme Secret" quoted in the "Cave Xuan Void Spiritual Chapter Sutra", it said: "Good faith men and women, incense lamp offerings, see the light of the world, enter into inaction, and be blessed by nature."

If you can fast for a long time, recite the spiritual chapter, and become the Tao ten thousand times, your body will be born with water and fire, and you will fly immediately, and its way will be subtle and must not be leaked. Because, "a thousand times through the gods, ten thousand times through the truth", through the gods can "know the good and the bad", and the truth can "go through disasters and misfortunes, and Tengjing Sanqing". Because of this, at the end of heaven and earth, when the stars are displaced, the sun and the moon are lost, the four seasons are out of balance, the yin and yang are out of balance, the lord of the country is in trouble, the military revolution is prosperous, the epidemic is epidemic, the people are killed and injured, and the lives of teachers and friends are over, etc., they must chant the scriptures, "Eliminate natural disasters and protect the emperor; poison the people, in order to save the people".

Bai Yuchan of the Song Dynasty believed in the "Praise and Salvation of Suffering" that the person who recited the "Taishang Lingbao Tianzun Said the Sutra of Salvation" was "Mo Bu spoke on behalf of Tianzun and taught the scriptures, and the body of the avenue was to lead to the floating life". To preach on behalf of heaven is to propagate doctrine.

It reflects the inheritance of the excellent traditional Chinese culture. The Taoist chanting rituals also reflect the Taoist priests' good wishes for goodness and the pursuit of progress and the idea of peace to put an end to the idea of war. The concept of being kind to people is reflected in all aspects, which is not only to give people material help and spiritual comfort, but also to the Taoist admonition to people and the prohibition of unreasonable actions.

For a long time, Taoism has accumulated a wealth of ideological contents, such as abstaining from killing and releasing life, abstaining from luxury and frugality, following nature, advancing if it is the way, retreating from the non-Tao, refraining from all evils, and pursuing all goodness, reflecting the inheritance of the excellent traditional Chinese culture.

There is a difference.

Let's talk about folk Taoist priests first, there are several categories of folk Taoist priests, one is the scattered Taoist priests of the righteous faction, the other is the Taoist priests of the folk teachings, and the third is the fake Taoist priests who are abducted and deceived. The scattered Taoist priests of the Zhengyi faction belong to the Taoist priests of orthodox Taoism, some of whom are passed down from generation to generation, and the Taoist priests of the folk Dharma are the descendants of the Maoshan Immortal Sect and other teachings of the Lushan School.

Then the Taoist priests in the Taoist temple, the long-haired Taoist priests in the Taoist temple are the monks of the Quanzhen school, and the short-haired ones are basically the Taoist priests of the Zhengyi school. The Taoist priest of the Zhengyi faction just said. The Taoist priests of the Quanzhen sect, most of them are the Northern Sect, the Quanzhen Northern Sect is a monk who does not get married, a small number is the Southern Sect, mainly Tongbai Palace, the Southern Sect is not forbidden to get married, and some of the Quanzhen Taoist priests cultivate the Dan Dao, most of them are practicing scriptures and confessions, and some of them are not good in terms of the law.

Taoist priests of the Zhengyi faction (Longhu Mountain, Maoshan Mountain, Soaoge Mountain, Lu Mountain, etc.) can live in Taoist temples (they can also go home at night), they can also live at home, they can get married, they can eat meat, they can drink alcohol.

Quanzhen School (established by Patriarch Wang Chongyang, including the seven sons of Quanzhen, Qiu Chuji, and Wang.

1. Sun No. 2. Ma Yu, Hao Datong, etc.) are not allowed to get married, not to live at home, not to eat meat, not to drink alcohol.

So depending on the specific sect, don't look at the Taoist priest who lives at home, has a wife, and eats meat, just say that it is a false Taoist priest.

There is a difference. Taoist priests in Taoist temples are not allowed to get married! And it's vegetarian! Folk Taoist priests can eat meat, drink wine, get married, and have children!

In fact, there is no folk Taoist priest in modern society, because Taoist priest is now a professional title, and it is not very simple.

The examination is very strict, and there is a proper term called "conferring".

Even the staff of the Taoist temple are not necessarily Taoist priests.

In the past, only Zhengyi had this rule, but now Quanzhen also needs to go through a similar exam before he can get the precepts.

Therefore, those believers who are not in the Taoist temple are collectively called "laymen".

There is a difference, and this difference is like an amateur player and a professional player in Go, not at the same level.

Folk Taoist priests generally practice in the mourning room of their own homes.

Taoist priests in Taoist temples practice in temples.

The above are all righteous monks, if it is a true Taoist priest, they are all practicing in the Taoist temple, there is no difference in the folk that is, the effect and power of the practice in the Taoist temple are much stronger than at home.

There is no difference, they are all serving sentient beings and solving difficult problems, and they all have to make a wish to survive in the Elysium.

Yes. Difference is separation, it is a kind of thought, and thought is born in one's own heart. If there is no in the heart, then: no.

Diaspora Road. 士 refers to scattered among the people. The way of the temple.

Teach. Disciples, mostly positive. A faction.

They are characterized by not living. Temple. view, or the family unit, passed down from generation to generation; Or take the individual as a unit and collect the door widely.

Follower; Every opportunity arises, they go to the homes of the people and fast. Jiao activities. Mainly distributed above.

Haijiao, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei and other places.

Diaspora Road. Shi Duo inherits the law of Dragon and Tiger Mountain. Unification, family inheritance, generations of together.

Hence the scriptures recited. Confession is also positive. Together.

Observe the commonly used scriptures. Confession, mainly: Sanguan Beidou.

Sutra, spirit. Official. Sutra, the heart of the king.

Printed wonderful. Sutra, jade. Emperor.

Confession, too. On the ternary large. Confession, stove.

King. Confession and so on.

There is no such thing, but there are some differences between the sects, the positive one, and the whole truth.

You should be talking about Zhengyi, they can get married, when they have a formal business, they can't eat meat, etc

Distinguish? The difference is not very big, one is that there is a teacher, there is an organization, and the other is the so-called casual cultivation.

As long as it is a true Taoist priest, who has the ability, he cares about what he does, as for what someone says can not be married, can the Taoist priest in the Taoist temple not get married, it still depends on which faction it belongs to, of course Quanzhen can't do this, but Zhengyi can, there are not too many restrictions, and it is no different from ordinary people; Not to mention casual practice.

Now the Taoist door is falling, the true Taoist priest is very rare, some Taoist temples are only used to collect money, exuding a copper smell, among which the "Taoist" is naturally the heart of the Tao, in vain; On the other hand, folk Taoists, although they generally have little ability, their hearts are good.

There was no before, there is no now, the current Taoist temple is not a good place, the Taoist temple needs a religious activity site certificate, the Taoist priest needs a Taoist certificate, and the ancestor may not be able to go to the Taoist temple to practice when he comes back to the Taoist temple, which is very good! Individuals belong to folk Taoist priests, feel very comfortable, practice as they wish, and are not oppressed by the system.

Folk Taoist priests belong to the red dust experience. Taoist priests belong to the Tao and do not ask about the world.

Beliefs are all the same. One is at home, the other is in the Taoist temple. There is no difference.

Harm, how can there be now! All modernized.

Hello. Of course, there is this, after all, there are all discs now, and these are managed by institutions.

Taoist priest, the name of a Taoist clergy. "Taixiaolang Shujing" said: "The pedestrian avenue is a Taoist priest."

The body and mind are logical, only the Tao is from the Tao, so he is called a Taoist. Among them, male Taoist priests are called "dry roads", also known as feather priests, real people, immortals, Taoists, plumes, feather clothes, purple yang, fangshi, yellow crowns, sir, Xiyi, etc., and are honored as Taoist chiefs. Women are called "Kun Dao", also known as women's crowns.

According to the "Louguan Benji", the Taoist priest was called from the time of King Mu of Zhou. King Mu of Zhou is still Huang Lao, with Eucommia as his teacher, chasing down the relics, worshipping the spiritual altar, convening the Quartet of secluded people, in order to Shao Xuanye, "the government and the opposition with their propagation of Taoism, so to Taoist priests." However, the early Taoist "Taiping Sutra" is not called a Taoist, and there is "a Taoist who has attained immortal longevity because of Lao Tzu's Thoughts" in "Lao Tzu's Notes" does not walk on corpses.

In the early days, the popular Taoist priests and Taoist priests had the same meaning as the monks. During the Wei and Jin dynasties, Taoist priests and Taoists replaced Fangshi to address Taoists and Buddhists. Since the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the title of Taoist priest has been dedicated to Taoist people, and the title of Taoist has been dedicated to Buddhist people.

But there are also Taoist priests who claim to be Taoists, such as "Qiongshan Taoists" and so on. Later, he was referred to as a Taoist priest and a Taoist clergyman. Tang's "Taoist Classics" has a "Taoist" article, quoting the "Taishang Taizhen Kejing":

At the beginning of the opening, the holy and true immortals, all preached the Tao Qi, passed on the legislation, the same sect Taishang, all called bachelors, to the Tao as a thing, so called the Taoist. Taoism is meritorious, so he is called a Taoist priest. Taoist priests, take the Tao as a thing.

According to this, Taoist priests must believe in Taoist teachings, which continue to this day.

The teaching of Taoist priests has been passed down from master to apprentice in history. If you are not taught by the Tao, the Tao will not descend, and the preaching and salvation of others must be selective. In order to become a Taoist, a person who learns the Tao must receive a sutra or a talisman.

After entering the Tao, he took the Tao as his business, fasted and prayed, chanted the precepts, burned incense and lit lamps, and did not intervene in miscellaneous affairs. "Shengxuan Sutra": "The virtuous and the layman, everything is the opposite."

Don't look at it, don't be surprised. The ears do not listen to slander, nor to the voices of chaos. The nose is not fragrant, fragrant and fishy.

If you don't taste sweetness in your mouth, you will offend sentient beings. The heart does not want to desire, and the wealth is gorgeous. The hands are not used for adultery, and the feet are not evil.

This is the Taoist traveler. ”

Yes, many famous mountains have Taoist Taoist temples. There is a Zhongyue Temple in Songshan in Henan, which is a Taoist holy place, and it is full of monks.

I was lucky enough to meet one.

I feel like a true Taoist, the all-true Taoist priest of Xiunedan.

Lao Dao is very old, I won't talk about the specifics, a little behind the ears, the eyes are very bright, like a child, the body is also very good, a person lives in a Taoist temple, there are no laymen, no apprentices to follow, grow their own vegetables, cook, we go, don't let donate money, it rains and the weather is cold, he breaks a small wooden block to make a fire for us to keep warm, he doesn't feel cold.

Asked how we came, is it convenient to go down the mountain, and don't leave in a hurry if it rains.

The Taoist temple is the appearance of an ordinary farmhouse, and there is a sign "Heavenly Master Palace" hanging in the middle room.

Each door is pasted with couplets, which are basically from Lu Zu.

This is probably what I think is the real Taoist priest, born and not avoiding the world.