Why was Hangu Pass an important place for soldiers in ancient times?

During the Warring States period, the other six states of the Warring States Seven Heroes except Qin united against Qin, but Qin successfully resisted the offensive of the alliance of the six countries at Hangu Pass. Jia Yi of the Western Han Dynasty's famous political treatise "On the Passage of Qin" wrote: "So the people of the Six Kingdoms ......Taste ten times the land, millions of people, knock on the pass and attack Qin.

The Qin people switched and extended the enemy, and the division of the Nine Kingdoms, 逡 (qūn) patrolled but did not dare to enter", in which the "pass" refers to the Hangu Pass, which shows its strategic influence.

Hangu Pass was first built by the Qin State during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. "It is named because it is in the valley, and the danger is like a letter. From the east to the mountain, west to Tongjin, known as Hangu, known as natural insurance.

The pass is located in a deep and dangerous valley, the terrain is dangerous, and the narrow place can only allow a carriage to pass, the so-called "car is not on the track, and the horse is not on the bridle". Moreover, due to the undulating hills and hills of this section of the Yellow River Basin, blocked by Zhongtiao Mountain and Kunshan Mountain, the bottom of the Hanguan Valley has become the only east-west flat passage in the nearby area, and it has naturally become a military stronghold.

The Guanzhong region was the most developed area in the Qin State. The capital Xianyang is also located in the second. and the Han Chang'an City are located in the Guanzhong Plain.

And the east gate of Guanzhong is Hangu Pass. This is the capital, the barrier of Qin's resistance to the six eastern countries, the terrain is dangerous, and it can be attacked and defended.

Once the situation is favorable, a large number of troops can attack and take the Central Plains directly. The disadvantage is to stick to Hangu Pass, which can ensure the safety of the capital, and the rich Guanzhong is thus protected from war. Therefore, the dynasties of Xianyang and Chang'an, which were the capital of Guanzhong, were heavily guarded by Hangu Pass.

The geographical location is very important, and it is the gateway to the Qin state.

Hangu Guanxi is based on the plateau, east of the river, south of the Qinling Mountains, north of the Yellow River, is one of the earliest Xiongguan fortresses built in China. "That's what Encyclopedia says.

Hangu Pass was an important military fortress in the pre-Qin period and the most important dividing point between the land of Sanqin and the east. Hangu Pass originally did not belong to the Qin State, the early days of the Hangu Pass belonged to the Yu State, after the Jin State fake Yu annihilation, the Jin State Zhan Jia was ordered to guard here to prevent the Qin State. The latter three families were divided into Jin, and Hangu Pass was occupied by Wei and Han successively.

After that, Qin defeated Korea and captured Hangu Pass. Since then, the Qin State has been able to have the Hangu Pass Heavenly Insurance.

In 241 BC, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Han, and Wei jointly attacked Qin, and were defeated. Historically, the only time Hangu Pass was breached was when the Qin Zhaoxiang King Qi general Kuang Zhang took advantage of the Qin King to attack the Wei army, and mobilized more than 400,000 troops from Qi and Han to take the opportunity to attack Hangu Pass. The armies of Qi and Han entered the hinterland of Qin.

It can be seen that Hangu Pass is dangerous and strong.

The importance of Hangu Pass lies in the fact that the main army at that time was composed of infantry and chariots, which marched fast and had strong attack power, but had high requirements for transportation. The road must not be too narrow, otherwise it is easy to be ambushed if you are slow. Hangu Pass is such a terrain, as long as the Qin State sends a small number of troops to garrison, attacking with bows and arrows will cause a large number of enemy troops.

If you take advantage of the enemy's defeat to attack the main army, you can inflict heavy damage on the enemy. And the enemies of Qin are mainly the vassal states east of Hangu Pass, which is also the greatest value of Hangu Pass. No one can bypass Hangu Pass to attack Qin itself, and no one can avoid the precipitousness of Hangu Pass.

Therefore, the status of Hangu Pass is naturally highlighted. During the Warring States Period, Hangu Pass could even be called the lifeline of the Qin State and made a very important contribution to the unification of China by the Qin State.

Qin (75), army (10), Jin (19).

The meaning of this sentence is that the reason why the generals were sent to guard the Hangu Pass was to prevent other thieves from coming in and unexpected accidents.

The meaning of the soldier.

This sentence comes from the "Gaozu Benji" in the "Historical Records", which is translated as follows: You can quickly send troops to hold Hangu Pass, and do not let the princes' armies come in. Then recruit the soldiers in Guanzhong, strengthen their own strength, and garrison Guanzhong.

Hangu Pass is an ancient Chinese checkpoint, located in Lingbao City, Henan Province, 15 kilometers north of Wangduo Village, its west is based on the plateau, the east is bordered by the Absolute Stream, the south is connected to the Qinling Mountains, the north is the Yellow River, and it is set up by Qin Xiaogong during the Warring States Period. Hanguguan is the birthplace of Taoist culture, and is a national AAAA-level tourist attraction, with more than 20 main scenic spots, such as Taichu Palace, Daosheng Palace, Taoist Health Garden, Tibetan Scripture Building, Zhan Zi Building, and Jiming Terrace.

Guhan Guguan, also known as "Qinhan Guguan", is located in Wangduo Village, 15 kilometers north of Lingbao City, Henan Province, about 75 kilometers away from Sanmenxia City, is located in the "Chang'an Ancient Road", close to the bank of the Yellow River, was built in the Western Zhou Dynasty, is one of the earliest Xiongguan fortresses built in China. Hangu Pass is a necessary place to pass from Luoyang to Chang'an. This ancient road is kilometers long from east to west, the cliff wall stands along the way, the road is narrow, the vehicles only have to pass, "the car does not divide the track, the horse does not saddle together", it is easy to defend and difficult to attack, it is called "a husband is a pass, ten thousand people do not open", and some people use "a mud pill and the east seals the Han Valley" to describe its strategic position.

It occupies an important position in the military, and during the Warring States of Qin and Han dynasties, it was a rare Xiongguan in China.

Hanhan Valley Pass, also known as "Xinhan Valley Pass", is 150 kilometers away from Qinhan Valley Pass, in the east of Xin'an County, Henan Province. In the third year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (114 years), the general of Lou Boat, Yang Fu, funded the construction. It is said that during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he moved the powerful and rich Jia in Shandong to the Guanzhong area, and the hinterland of Guanzhong was at the foot of the Son of Heaven.

Many princes and kings were sealed outside the pass, and General Lou Chuan was also sealed outside the pass, but Yang Fu was ashamed to be the marquis outside the pass, so he asked Emperor Wu to donate all his family resources to build a Hangu Pass, so as to be ashamed. The newly built Hangu Pass is called "Hanhan Valley Pass". Now it has long been abandoned, and only the ruins remain.

Weihan Guguan is located in Mengcun, Hanguguan Town, 20 kilometers northeast of Lingbao City, Henan Province, and is also known as "Dakun Pass" and "Golden Steep Pass". This was the official road for Cao Cao to transport grain and grass, and in the early years of Wei Zhengshi, Hongnong Taishou Meng Kang built a customs building at the entrance of the grain transportation road. The building was destroyed during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and now it has long been abandoned, only the ruins of the ancient road and the beacon tower remain.

1. Hanguguan is located in Wangduo Village, Hanguguan Town, Lingbao City, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province. 2. The legend of Hangu Pass:

The most famous legend about Hangu Pass is about Lao Tzu. Lao Tzu saw that the Zhou Dynasty was declining more and more, and was ready to leave his homeland and send a letter to Guguan to travel around. Yin Xi, the prefect of Hangu Pass, admired Lao Tzu very much, and was very happy to hear that he came to Hangu Pass.

But when he knew that Lao Tzu was going to go out of the customs to Yunyou, he felt that it was a pity, so he tried to keep Lao Tzu. So, Yin Xi said to Lao Tzu: "Mr. can go out of the customs if he wants to, but he has to leave a book."

After Lao Tzu heard this, he stayed in Hangu for a few days. A few days later, he handed Yin Xi a book of about 5,000 words, and then rode away on the big green ox. This work is the "Tao Te Ching" that was later handed down, and this story is also known as "Lao Tzu's Exit".

Hope it helps.

Wangduo Village in Lingbao City, Henan Province.

Hangu Pass is located in the north of today's Lingbao City, Henan Province, and is a famous dangerous fortress in ancient times. The terrain over there is very severe, so it is very difficult to break.

In my opinion, it is not Shanguan, but people's denial, if the six countries of Shandong are a country, then Hangu Pass can only be reduced to decoration, but it is a pity that the six countries of Shandong are deceitful, and often fight inexplicably before they reach the pass, so that the Qin army is very helpless, and can only watch the white drama above the city pass.

The terrain is steep, the terrain is good, it is conducive to defense, and there are no planes or anything in ancient times, so you will be dumplings when you go in. So it's not easy to be breached.

Hangu Pass is the first passage in ancient times, and the first interests drive wars. The Qin State, the Central Plains, and the Zhao State were all suspected of taking advantage of the fishermen. The Qin State was once a land rich in beef and mutton. Zhao Guo was the biggest beneficiary of Hanguguan. Therefore, Hangu Pass has been a place of heavy teachers since history.

Clause.

1. The terrain of Hangu Pass is dangerous, easy to defend and difficult to attack.

Clause. Second, the first joint attack on Qin, stopping at Hangu Pass.

Clause. 3. Meng Weijun attacked Qin and attacked Hangu Pass, and Qin asked for peace.

Clause. Fourth, the Xinling monarch connived at the Qin, and the Qin people stayed in retreat.

Clause. Fifth, the last longitudinal convergence, still stopped at Hangu Pass.

First, the terrain is dangerous, easy to defend and difficult to attack. Second, as a result of the change of the situation and the tug-of-war of forces of all parties, no one in this important military area is willing to sacrifice their own troops, so that others can catch cicadas and yellow finches in the back and obtain the final benefits.

Because first of all, because it is located in a critical position, the terrain is steep, easy to defend and not easy to attack, and if it is attacked, it is very likely that people will lose their lives. So it puts a lot of people off.

The reason why Taigu Pass is difficult to break is that it occupies a very important geographical environment. The location is dangerous, and the geographical location is precipitous. Easy to defend and difficult to attack.

It is in the section from Kunshan to Tongguan and is mostly in the valley, which is as dangerous as a letter, and the surrounding area of Hangu Pass is a steep terrain. Hangu Pass has very good terrain advantages.

Because the geographical location of Hangu Pass is not easy to break. The surrounding terrain is steep. Because he is in a critical position, he is easy to defend and difficult to attack.

Because the geographical location of Hangu Pass is relatively steep, it is easy to defend and difficult to attack, so it can become a famous strategic fortress.

The terrain is dangerous, easy to defend and difficult to attack. There are Qinling Mountains in the south, there is the Forbidden Valley in the southeast, there are Wei and Luoerchuan in the north, and the Yellow River hugs and descends, and the west is close to Huayue.

Guanzhong, generally refers to Tongguan (Hangu Pass), Xisan Pass (Dazhen Pass), Nanwu Pass (Blue Pass), North Xiao Pass (Jinsuo Pass) within the four passesLocated in the central part of Shaanxi Province, it includes five cities and one district of Xi'an, Baoji, Xianyang, Weinan, Tongchuan and Yangling.

This area is the hinterland of the Shaanxi PlainTo the north is the southern edge of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi, which is dominated by the tributaries of the Wei River originating from the Loess Plateau, that is, the river valleys formed by Luo, Jing and Huangxia, which constitute three river valleys of different sizes in northern Shaanxi, namely Luochuan, Longdong Jingchuan and Qinlonghuangchuan, respectively, and are divided by watersheds such as Baiyu Mountain, Ziwuling (Daqiao Mountain), Qianshan and Longshan in other topographic areas.

As you can see from the topographic map,If you cross the Yellow River from the southwest of Shanxi to attack, it seems that there is only one route, from Taiyuan to Linfen, and then to Hejin, which was called Longmen in ancient times. Hejin is located at the mouth of the river, the Yellow River is at the junction of the Fen River and the Yellow River at the southern foot of Luliang Mountain, facing the Fenshui River in the east and the Hancheng in Shanxi Province across the Yellow River in the west.

The river can only be crossed from Hejin, but the question is, is the Yellow River so easy to cross? On both sides of the Yellow River in this geographical environment, how do the troops from Jin to Guanzhong cross the river? If you build a bridge, the terrain on both sides of the strait is steep, and there is no chance at all, and also have to operate at the risk of being completely annihilated by the army on the other side, so it is completely impossible to build bridges.

If it is a ferry, then how can such a Yellow River be passed, and how many boats can be passed at one time? And there is also a huge problem, that is, landing on the **. That is, the ferry port is in **?

In the case of the turbulent Yellow River, the ferries are bound to transport troops, and the ferries along the way are bound to be related to the assembly of medium and heavy troopsIn terms of transportation volume, the soldiers transported at one time must be a minority, and this batch of troops is transported to the ferry, isn't it just a gourd baby to save grandpa, one by one?

The northern part of the Guanzhong Plain is even more impossibleIn the vast Loess Plateau, the army moves extremely slowly and the logistics are unsustainableWhen you get to Guanzhong, you are already a tired army, how can you fight? To sum up, if you can cross the Yellow River from the southwest of Jinzhong and enter the pass, you will already have great strategists do this, and you will not only attack one Tongguan (Hangu Pass).

Because it is easier to attack the pass from Tongguan or Hangu Pass, the ancient technology is backward, there is no good tool for crossing the river, and can only be smuggled at various ferries, each ferry is generally guarded by the army, all of which are quite dangerous, one man blocks the pass, ten thousand people do not open, and the difficulty of Hangu Pass and Tongguan is comparable, and the river crossing battle, the Central Plains army is not good at it.

Because in ancient times, there were only two places where there were roads to walk, and the others were barren mountains and mountains, and it was impossible to walk at all.

Geo-Restrictions. In ancient times, the traffic was inconvenient, and many places were not developed at all, and Hangu Pass and Tongguan were the places that everyone must pass through.

Because this is the only way to go, you can only get in if you get through here, which is very important.