Questions about congenital heart disease in infants

Your child's heart disease is more complicated, and if you have an atrial septal defect and a ventricular septal defect, often with valvular hypoplasia, you don't know if your child's ultrasound diagnosis is accurate. However, the prognosis for congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension (which is not technically called increased pulmonary blood pressure) is generally poor.

Many congenital heart diseases can be improved or significantly improved by medical interventional surgery (without surgery) or surgical thoracotomy, and drugs** are only used for those who have no chance of surgery and refuse surgery, and the effect is very poor, seriously affecting life expectancy. Usually, the best time for congenital heart disease surgery is the sooner the better, for more serious congenital heart, it is often necessary to do surgery a few days after birth, some heart disease, can wait until after the age of three for internal medicine intervention or surgery, of course, the earlier to what age, depending on the level of surgery in each hospital, the more experienced the hospital, the younger the age that can accept surgery, such as the Guangdong Provincial Heart Research Institute, often for babies to operate.

Whether your child can have surgery or not will have to go to a hospital with better heart surgery for a follow-up cardiac ultrasound, and the cardiac ultrasound report of the so-called big hospital generally provides limited reference for deciding whether and what kind of surgery to do.

In addition, your wife's problems have no effect on getting pregnant.

Deputy chief physician and associate professor of the Department of Cardiology of a provincial people's hospital.

Your child's illness is less severe. Can be observed. Ventricular defects may heal on their own. Preschool age can be observed. Surgery if necessary.

Let's take a good look at the big hospital!

It will not affect the re-pregnancy, if it is just ** not stitched.

Introduction: Congenital heart disease is a lot of babies at birth, such a condition will affect the baby's physical health, but also affect their growth and development, so why do babies have congenital heart disease?

There are many parents who feel that they are obviously healthy, and they have also done tests before getting married, they do not have any genetic history, and their chromosomes are normal, why do children born have congenital heart disease? This is because there are many causes of congenital heart disease, and genetic factors actually account for only about 8% of the cases. Most of the reasons are caused by the bad external environment at the time of pregnancy, that is, during pregnancyFor example, some women do not supplement enough folic acid during pregnancy, or catch a cold during pregnancy, or are infected with viruses, etc., such conditions will induce congenital heart disease in children.

Congenital heart disease refers to the development disorder or abnormality of a child's own development due to heart or blood vessel disorders during their own development. And after birth, the vascular channels inside your heart may not close automatically. Once a congenital heart attack occurs, it will cause the child's blood circulation system to be blocked, resulting in growth retardation, heart failure, high blood pressure and other complications.

Moreover, children with congenital heart disease are usually very poor in constitution, very easy to catch colds, and also have difficulties in feeding, and it is easy to faint suddenly.

The prevention of congenital heart disease is still to create a good environment for pregnant mothers, first of all, there should be no bad habits. Second, you should not be exposed to some things that are harmful to your child's health, and at the same time, you should strengthen your health care in diet and exercise, and supplement more folic acid. It is to eat more vegetables and fruits, supplement folic acid, and conduct regular pregnancy tests to detect problems in time.

There are many cases of congenital heart disease in babies, which may be caused by genetic mutations in the embryonic stage, or they may be caused by parental inheritance. In the first 3 months of pregnancy to about 6 months of pregnancy, it belongs to the high incidence of fetal congenital heart disease, if the husband and wife belong to the immediate family, the risk of congenital heart disease of the baby can be increased by about 5 to 6 times.

Environmental factors, if the environment is very polluted, can cause the baby to have this disease, if the mother is sick when she is pregnant, and then takes certain drugs, this will also cause this disease.

Congenital heart disease in babies is usually caused by a family history, and it may be a family member of the family.

In general, the baby will have congenital heart disease in the family, and in this case, there are relatives in the parents' respective families who have a history of congenital heart disease.

In fact, it may be genetic, or it may be caused by genetic mutations.

Family genetic mother has congenital heart disease, pregnancy will affect the fetus, born baby will have congenital heart disease, and there is a person in the family who has heart disease, which may also be inherited, so the pregnant mother is uncomfortable when pregnant, ask the obstetrician and gynecologist not to take medicine privately, do prenatal examination on time, and the baby should be regularly checked for what is wrong with the baby after birth.

The mortality rate of children with congenital heart disease is very high, even survivors will have respiratory tract infections and developmental disorders at different ages, and there are no obvious symptoms in the early stage, but if it is not timely **, it will cause heart failure and be life-threatening, so we must pay attention to the child's diet and pay attention to the child's rest. So, what should parents do if their child has congenital heart disease?

1. Timely**. For children with congenital heart disease, it is necessary to grasp the opportunity to do it effectively**. If the child is weak, it is necessary to pay attention to the nursing method before and after the operation, especially if pneumonia occurs, which will increase the risk of surgery.

The recovery time after surgery is prolonged, and the cost is relatively large, and pneumonia and heart failure should be treated before surgery, so it is necessary to take medication in time**, and then perform surgery after improvement.

2. Be financially prepared. Parents must be financially prepared because the cost of children with congenital heart disease is very high, and the operation time is long, and the recovery time after surgery is long, so it is necessary to be prepared for long-term preparation. Do not hold the idea of waiting for a little older, you should take your child to the hospital as soon as possible for a detailed examination to determine the nature and extent of the heart malformation.

3. Try to keep your child quiet, avoid excessive crying, and ensure adequate sleep. Older children should have a regular life, a combination of movement and static, and sleep at night must be guaranteed to reduce the burden on the heart.

4. Children with cardiac insufficiency often sweat a lot and need to keep them clean, take a bath frequently in summer, wipe themselves with a hot towel in winter, pay attention to keeping warm, and change clothes and pants frequently. Drink plenty of fluids to stay well hydrated.

5. Children should eat small and frequent meals, ensure adequate protein and vitamin intake, and give a diet as diverse as possible to digest easily.

6. Keep the stool smooth, if the stool is dry and difficult to defecate, excessive exertion will increase abdominal pressure and increase the burden on the heart.

7. Keep the air in the room smooth, and try to avoid staying in crowded public places to reduce the chance of respiratory tract infection. Clothing should be increased or decreased in time according to the cold and warm weather, and pay close attention to preventing colds. Regularly go to the cardiology department of the hospital for follow-up, strictly follow the doctor's instructions to take drugs, especially cardiac and diuretics, due to their pharmacological properties, the dose must be absolutely controlled, and taken on time and according to the course of treatment to ensure the efficacy.

Tips: Parents with congenital heart disease should pay attention to keeping their children quiet as much as possible, avoid excessive crying, and ensure adequate sleep. Pay attention to cleanliness, eat small and frequent meals, keep the stool smooth, keep the room airy, pay attention to the prevention of colds, regular outpatient follow-up, and take medicines strictly according to the doctor's instructions.

You should pay attention to the child's growth and development, pay attention to the child's mental state, pay attention to the child's nutrition, do not let the child do strenuous exercise, and give the child ** in time.

1.Timely**, preferably by June, 2Regular check-ups, taking medication on time, 3Can't take the baby to **dense places, 4Don't make your baby's mood swings too much, 5Do not give your baby foods high in sugar.

Congenital heart disease is a malformation of the heart vessels caused by abnormal development of blood vessels in the heart during the fetal period, and is the most common heart disease in childhood. Including atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot, large vessel misalignment, pulmonary artery stenosis, aortic coarctation, etc.

In the past 20 years, due to the development of advanced modern examination technology and the progress of cryogenic anesthesia, cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiac surgery, many common congenital heart diseases can be accurately diagnosed and surged, and some complex heart malformations can also be operated on.

1. **: Any factors that affect the development of the heart embryo during the fetal period may cause heart malformations, such as rubella, epidemics, mumps, coxsackievirus infection, diabetes, hypercalcemia, etc., and the pregnant mother is exposed to radiation; Pregnant mothers take anti-cancer drugs or drugs such as mettoconin.

2. Clinical manifestations:

1. Children may lag behind in growth and development compared with children of the same age, and are susceptible to respiratory tract infections.

2. Atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus usually have no bruising in the early stage, but bruising may occur after strenuous activity or crying and laughing, and bruising may occur in the late stage with age. Right-to-left shunt congenital heart disease, severe cardiac malformations, such as tetralogy of Fallot, can occur after birth or weeks to months in children with bruising, and gradually worsen.

3. Cardiac auscultation, systolic murmur can be heard at the left sternal edge.

4. Children with tetralogy of Fallot need to squat down frequently to rest during activities to reduce shortness of breath, and sometimes fainting (temporary cerebral hypoxia changes) may occur, and even convulsions may be life-threatening; In addition, children with tetralogy of Fallot have bulging fingers and toes at the ends of their fingers and toes, called clubbing.

In addition, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus are often prone to pneumonia and heart failure, and tetralogy of Fallot can often be complicated by cerebral thrombosis and brain abscess, and the above-mentioned congenital heart diseases are prone to bacterial endocarditis in addition to atrial septal defect.

3. Diagnostic measures:

Cardiac radiography, electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac echocardiogram (ECG)** may be performed. Echocardiology** examination has the greatest diagnostic value, which can show the size, location, blood shunt and other vascular malformations of atrial septal and ventricular septal defects; Cardiac catheterization and cardiovascular angiography should be performed before surgery to further confirm the diagnosis and prepare for surgery.

Fourth, ** method:

1. Surgery**: Congenital heart disease is surgery**, which can generally be operated at the age of 4-5 years, such as severe symptoms or bacterial endocarditis that can not be controlled for a long time.

2. Internal medicine**: Internal medicine before congenital heart disease surgery is mainly to avoid strenuous activities, prevent or **infection, and if there is heart failure, it should be active**.