What are the ways to deal with ceramic capacitor faults?

Method 1: When the ceramic capacitor** catches fire, immediately disconnect the power supply and extinguish the fire with sand and a dry fire extinguisher.

Method 2: When the safety of the ceramic capacitor is fused, it should be reported to the dispatcher, and the circuit breaker of the ceramic capacitor should be pulled open after obtaining consent.

Cut off the power supply to discharge, first carry out external inspection, such as whether there are flashover traces on the outside of the sleeve, whether the shell is deformed, whether there is oil leakage and whether there is a short circuit in the ground, etc., and shake the insulation resistance value between the poles and the pole to the ground, check whether the wiring of the ceramic capacitor bank is complete and firm, and whether there is a phase loss phenomenon.

If the fuse is still blown after power transmission, the faulty ceramic capacitor should be withdrawn and the power transmission to the rest should be resumed.

If the circuit breaker also trips at the same time as the fuse is broken, it cannot be forced at this time.

It is necessary to wait for the above examination to be completed and the insurance is changed before investing.

Method 3: The circuit breaker of the ceramic capacitor trips, and the shunt fuse is not broken, the ceramic capacitor should be discharged for three minutes, and then check the circuit breaker current transformer power cable and the outside of the ceramic capacitor.

If no anomalies are found, it may be due to voltage fluctuations in the external faulty bus.

After inspection, you can test cast; Otherwise, a comprehensive energizing test of the protection should be carried out.

Through the above inspections and tests, if the cause is still not found, it is necessary to act according to the system and gradually test the ceramic capacitor.

Before the reason is ascertained, no trial investment is allowed.

The above is the fault handling method of ceramic capacitors, and there are steps to deal with the fault, so keep in mind and don't panic.

Who am I, aren't I, what am I doing?

In being able to spend time freely, avoid him.

For judging the quality of the capacitance, I recommend that you use an analog multimeter, or you can use the capacitance measurement file of a digital meter. If you use an analog multimeter, generally use the R 1k file, and connect the pen to the two poles of the capacitor. At this point, the multimeter needle will swing and then slowly return to or near zero.

Such capacitors are good. The larger the capacitor's capacity, the longer the charging time and the slower the pointer swings in the 00 direction. If the pointer does not move and the resistance value is rarely displayed and does not move, it is definitely bad.

Since the capacitance of ceramic capacitors is generally relatively small (PF level), it is difficult to judge by charging and discharging with an analog multimeter, so it is recommended to use the capacitance stop test of a digital multimeter.

Question 1: What are the causes of short circuit of chip capacitors? The chip capacitor should be removed from the board for testing.

The phenomenon of short circuit of SMD ceramic capacitor is rare, see if it is a breakdown short circuit.

Question 2: What are the reasons for the short circuit of the rubber capacitor of the porcelain car? Two possibilities 1. The voltage exceeds the rated voltage.

2 Too often too high.

Question 3: Why is my ceramic capacitor short-circuited It is normal for the porcelain capacitor to be short-circuited, which is a phenomenon of capacitor damage.

When in use, when the voltage at both ends of the capacitor exceeds the withstand voltage value of the capacitor, it will be broken down, causing a short circuit. Or it is easy to be broken down and short-circuited due to aging.

Question 4: Why does the ceramic capacitor break cause a short circuit? Fracture? Can you see visible cracks on the outer surface? In that case, the leakage current will be very large, and of course there will be a short circuit.

Problem 5: Is the ceramic capacitor open or short circuit after failure Type 1 ceramic dielectric capacitor rarely fails. Type II porcelain failure is more common, and most of them are leakage or even short circuits.

Question 6: What is the general cause of the burning of the internal electrodes of the chip capacitor It may be caused by fracture (staggering).

Problem 7: The reason for the short circuit of the SMD porcelain capacitor (106) The internal fracture of the capacitor is closed, and the appearance is not visible.

Question 8: How to reduce the risk of short circuit of ceramic chip capacitors Ceramic capacitors have a strong overvoltage ability, a little more than a little will not burn, do 12 years in the electronics industry, never encountered the situation of burning ceramic capacitors, and have never heard of the situation of burning ceramic capacitors, the results of my own test are twice the voltage, the capacitors are not burned, if you confirm that there is no overvoltage and burn this capacitor, it means that the quality of the capacitor is problematic, or the capacitor withstand voltage is very low. The test method is to use a capacitance withstand voltage tester tester, the principle is to add the rated voltage to the capacitor (50V capacitance is added to 50V), and then see the leakage current, if the leakage current does not exceed the value specified in the capacitor specification at this voltage, it is qualified.

The leakage current of ceramic capacitors is very small and generally microampere.

If you don't have a capacitance withstand voltage tester, you can make a 50V DC power supply by yourself, and connect the capacitance series ammeter (multimeter current file can also be used) to the power supply to see if the leakage current is up to standard.

Question 9: The capacitor burns out, and after breakdown, it is a short circuit or an open circuit? Is the structure of the capacitor understood?

It is two conductive electrode plates, with an insulating layer sandwiched in the middle, and when the two electrode plates work, the positive charge and the negative charge are distributed on the two plates respectively, one with a positive charge and the other with a negative charge; If you think about it again, is the so-called breakdown a positive and negative charge marriage, and what does these two marriages mean? --Bulging sound--- short circuit--- is it? Then there are two cases, one:

Or a short circuit. Two: The circuit is broken.

Question 10: SMD ceramic capacitor short circuit problem 10 points From your sentence "There is no problem when the factory is aging, but when it comes to the client, this capacitor is often short-circuited." "I think it's a problem caused by the high fluctuation of the power supply.

You can try raising the power supply yourself as you age. There is also a change to a batch of other products to try.

Ceramics are well known for their insulation, so they are widely used in electronics, electrical appliances and anti-electric shock industries. But know that in the circuit, it is definitely not directly put in the circuit and used, but made into some components. And one of the more widely used is ceramic capacitors, so what is ceramic capacitors?

What does it do? Let's explain it to you!

Ceramic capacitors. 1. Ceramic capacitors.

Ceramic capacitors, also known as ceramic capacitors, are used as a medium of electricity, and the surface of the ceramic is coated with a silver layer, and after a certain low temperature treatment, a silver film is formed, and the silver film becomes a plate. Its shape is generally sheet-shaped, but it will also be made into tube-shaped, round, etc., as needed. And different capacitors have different functions, and generally capacitors have some power metering for the power system, storing electric energy, voltage division and so on.

Second, the characteristics of ceramic capacitors.

Ceramic capacitors are also divided into two types: high-frequency ceramic capacitors and low-frequency ceramic capacitors. In addition, both types of ceramic capacitors have the characteristics of good stability, insulation and high voltage resistance. And in some harsh environments, it can still work normally.

However, the capacitance of ceramic capacitors is relatively small.

Ceramic capacitors are characterized by a line of orange.

1. High-frequency ceramic capacitors.

High-frequency ceramic capacitors have a relatively small positive capacitance temperature coefficient, which is generally used in highly stable circuits, and acts as circuit capacitors and pad capacitors.

2. Low-frequency ceramic capacitors.

The use range of low-frequency ceramic capacitors is relatively limited, and they are generally limited to use in circuits with low operating frequencies of mega belt deficits, or in circuits with low requirements for stability.

Third, the role of ceramic capacitors.

In use, high-frequency ceramic capacitors are generally widely used. In many high-power, high-voltage fields, high-frequency ceramic capacitors are used. In recent years, with the application of materials, electrodes and manufacturing technologies have changed greatly.

The ceramic capacitor has also changed greatly, and it is widely used in our lives, and has become an indispensable electronic component in many electronic products. Especially in some relatively large electrical appliances, its role is very important.

The role of ceramic capacitors.

Ceramic capacitors have many other functions, which have been deeply rooted in our lives and play an irreplaceable role.

The intrinsic factors of ceramic capacitor failure are mainly as follows:

1.Voids in ceramic media.

The main factors leading to voiding are organic or inorganic contamination in the ceramic powder, improper control of the sintering process, etc. The generation of voids can easily lead to leakage, which in turn leads to local heating inside the device, which further reduces the insulation performance of the ceramic dielectric and leads to an increase in leakage. This process occurs cyclically and continues to deteriorate, leading to serious consequences such as cracking, **, and even burning of multilayer ceramic capacitors.

2.Sinter cracks.

Sinter cracks often originate at one end of the electrode and propagate vertically. The main reason is related to the cooling rate during the sintering process, and the cracks and hazards are similar to voids.

3.Delamination. The sintering of multilayer ceramic capacitors is the stacking and co-firing of multilayer materials.

The sintering temperature can be as high as 1000 °C. The weak interlayer bonding, the volatilization of internal pollutants during the sintering process, and the improper control of the sintering process may lead to the occurrence of delamination. The hazards of delamination and voids and cracks are similar, which are important inherent defects of multilayer ceramic capacitors.

The external factors of ceramic capacitor failure are mainly as follows:

1.Temperature shock cracks.

It is mainly caused by the temperature shock of the device during soldering, especially wave soldering, and improper rework is also an important cause of temperature shock cracks.

2.Mechanical stress cracks.

Features of multilayer ceramic capacitors:

It is able to withstand large compressive stress, but the ability to resist bending is relatively poor. Any operation that may cause bending and deformation during device assembly can cause the device to crack. Common sources of stress are:

Chip alignment, circuit board operation in the process; Factors such as people, equipment, and gravity in the process of circulation; Through-hole component insertion; Circuit testing, board splitting; circuit board mounting; circuit board positioning riveting; Screw mounting, etc. This type of crack generally originates at the metallized ends of the upper and lower parts of the device and propagates along the 45-angle direction inside the device. This type of defect is also the type of defect that actually occurs the most.

Ceramic capacitors are made by using ceramics as a dielectric, spraying silver layers on both sides of the ceramic matrix, and then firing a silver film into a plate at low temperature.

Its shape is mostly piece-shaped, but it also has tube-shaped, round, and other shapes.

Ceramic capacitors generally have a round blue body.

With the development of science and technology, the demand for ceramic capacitors in the electronics market is increasing day by day.

What are the reasons for the damage of ceramic capacitors? Effect of moisture on the deterioration of electrical parameters.

If the temperature in the air is too high, the surface insulation resistance of the ceramic capacitor will decrease, and for semi-sealed capacitors, moisture will penetrate into the dielectric of the capacitor and reduce the insulation resistance and insulation ability of the capacitor dielectric.

Therefore, high temperature and high humidity environment have a great impact on the damage of ceramic capacitors.

Two: Migration of silver ions.

Most inorganic dielectric capacitors use silver electrodes, and semi-hermetic capacitors operate at high temperatures, and water molecules penetrate into the capacitor to produce electrolysis.

An oxidation reaction is generated, and silver ions combine with hydroxide ions to produce silver hydroxide.

Due to the electrode reaction, the migration of silver ions not only occurs on the surface of the inorganic medium, but also spreads to the interior of the inorganic medium, causing the leakage current to increase, and in severe cases, it will cause a complete short circuit between the two silver electrodes, resulting in damage or breakdown of the ceramic capacitor.

Some ceramic capacitors, in the use of test operations, the current of the capacitor is too large, there is no no voltage protection measures, and there is no series reactor, so that the capacitor is overheated, the insulation is reduced or damaged, if the operation is frequent, it will also affect the damage of the ceramic capacitor, and even **.

If you choose a ceramic capacitor with poor quality, under the long-term working voltage, the residual bubbles inside will produce partial discharge.

Partial discharge further leads to insulation damage and aging.

The temperature will also increase, which will cause damage and breakdown of the ceramic capacitor.

The internal shortcomings of ceramic capacitors mainly include: 1. The defects of nodules inside the capacitor. The disadvantage of nodules is the accumulation and deformation of metallized electrodes caused by uneven coating of metallized electrode materials in the manufacturing process of ceramic capacitors.

Because the deformation of the metallized electrode will lead to the deformation of the porcelain dielectric, the dielectric of the capacitor will become thinner and the breakdown voltage will drop, and the deformation of the metallized electrode can also lead to the breakdown failure of the capacitor due to the uneven electric field when the capacitor is energized. 2. The shortcomings of dielectric voids inside ceramic capacitors. Dielectric voiding is a common internal defect of ceramic capacitors, which is caused by the cavity of the porcelain medium during the manufacturing process of the capacitor.

Its main effect on ceramic capacitors is to cause the local breakdown voltage of the capacitor to decrease, resulting in breakdown failure or a decrease in the insulation resistance between the two electrodes, and when the voltage is high, the air in the void will be ionized and a leakage channel will be generated and leakage failure. If you want to reduce the appearance of internal defects, you must choose the best capacitors, and powerful capacitor manufacturers, such as Zhixu JEC, have years of technical precipitation and the quality of ceramic capacitors produced!

Hello, the multilayer ceramic capacitor is composed of three materials: ceramic dielectric, end electrode and metal electrode, and the failure pattern is the lamination fault between the metal electrode and the ceramic medium, and the electrical performance is good and bad when the capacitor is affected by external force and temperature. There are three main types and manifestations of ceramic capacitor failure: 1. thermal shock failure 2, twist rupture failure 3, and raw material failure.

1. Thermal shock failure mode of ceramic capacitor:

The mechanism of thermal failure is that in the production of multilayer ceramic capacitors, the use of various compatible materials will lead to different coefficients of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of internal tension. When the temperature transition rate is too large, it is easy to crack due to thermal shock, and this kind of cracking often occurs from the weak structure and the integration of the machine structure, usually near the interface of the exposed termination and the ceramic termination, where the machine tension is generated.

2. Ceramic capacitors are twisted and cracked and fail.

Caused rupture failure: when the parts are picked and placed, especially when the parts are picked and placed, the centering jaw of the pick-and-place is caused by wear, inaccurate alignment, tilting, etc. The pressure integrated by the centering jaws can cause a large pressure or severing rate, which can lead to a rupture point.

These cracks usually result in visible surface cracks, or internal cracks between 2 to 3 electrodes; Surface fractures usually follow strong pressure lines and in the direction of ceramic displacement. Damage or rupture caused by a vacuum detector usually appears as a rounded or half-moon indentation area on the surface of the chip with non-rounded edges. In addition, the half-moon or rounded crack is also consistent with the tip.

The other one is the damage caused by the tip, the tear caused by the tear of the chip, the crack can stretch from one side of the component to the other, and the crack can spread to the other side of the module, and the rough crack can break the bottom of the capacitor.

Fracture failure caused by later manufacturing stages: Circuit board cutting testing Back assembly and connector installation and subsequent assembly, if the solder component is twisted or the board is straightened after the solder has passed, it can cause damage such as 'twisted cracking'. When the plate is bent and deformed under the effect of mechanical force, the range of activity of the ceramic is limited by the end position and solder joint, and the crack will appear at the termination interface of the ceramic, and this kind of crack will start from the present position and spread from the 45° angle to the end joint.

3. The raw material of the ceramic capacitor fails.

1) The failure between electrodes and the rupture of the bonding line are mainly caused by the high void gap of the ceramic, or the gap between the dielectric layer and the opposite electrode, so that the dielectric layer between the electrodes is cracked, which becomes a latent leakage crisis.

2) Combustion rupture is perpendicular to the electrode and usually originates from the edge or terminal of the electrode. If the cracks are shown to be vertical, they should be caused by combustion.

The above is the type and performance of ceramic capacitor failure, I hope to help you, Taiwan Zhixu JEC also produces ceramic capacitors, with various international certifications, you can go and see it.