Botanical Encyclopedia Explanation of garden floriculture terms

1. Garden: Within a certain range, the use and transformation of natural landscapes and landforms, or artificially open up landscapes, combined with plant cultivation and architectural layout, supplemented by birds and livestock, so as to constitute a pleasing to the eye, comfortable recreation and living environment based on the pursuit of the beauty of visual landscape.

2. Shiliu Garden: In the Tang Dynasty, landscape gardens and landscape scenic spots flourished. Among them, especially the gardens operated by literati and celebrities, which were directly inspired by the ideology of the times and thrived, and were the mainstream of gardening activities at that time, and were called "Celebrity Garden" and "Shiliu Garden".

The term rockery is also present in the Tang Dynasty.

3. Ouchi Imperial Garden: Built in the palace and imperial city of the capital, close to the emperor's residence, it is convenient for the emperor to enjoy his daily recreation.

4. Artificial landscape garden: that is, digging water bodies on flat land, piling up rockeries, artificially creating landscape landforms, with flowers and trees planting and building structures, the natural landscape landscape is reduced and imitated within a small range. These gardens are built on flat lots, especially in towns.

In the built environment of the town, it creates a small environment that mimics natural wilderness, like an oasis, so it is also called "urban forest".

5. Suzhou's four famous gardens, the Humble Administrator's Garden, the Lingering Garden, the Master of Nets Garden, and the Lion Forest.

6. Olmsstage: He is an American landscape architect and one of the pioneers who pioneered nature conservation and modern urban public gardens. The first person to put the ideal of protecting nature into practice.

His main works include New York's "** Park", "Fermont Park" and the Capitol Hill Landscaping in Washington, D.C., and pioneered the theory of landscape planning and design.

Explanation of the flower oak cover mountain flower.

flowers and plants]

i.e. flowers and plants. Hui is a general term for herbs explained in detail (1).Flowers.

It is usually divided into woody flowers, herbaceous flowers and ornamental grasses. "Liang Shu · The Biography of the Priest: He Dian: There is a Bian Zhongzhen mound in the garden, and flowers are planted on the side of the mound, and every drink must be drunk.

Song Sima Guang's poem "Snow on the Twenty-fourth Day of the First Lunar Month": "The night is slightly white, and the spring is not cold, that is, the flowers are snatched, and they still have to be seen by the flowers." Jun Qing "Autumn Colors · Aoshuang Chapter:

Thinking about it, I suddenly realized the reason why chrysanthemums have become a kind of flower that our people love. ” 2).Refers to Chinese paintings with flowers and plants as the theme.

Qing Liang Zhangju "Returning to the Field: The Family Biography of the First Brother of Man Yun": Occasional sketch of flowers, with a stuffy ruler Yun Nantian The color is too strong, and every light and far away wins. ”

Word decomposition Explanation of flowers The reproductive organs of the flower ā plant are typically composed of "receptacles", "calyxes", "corollas", "pistils" and "stamens", with various shapes and colors, generally beautiful, some fragrant, withered and fruited. Plants for ornamentation: Flowers and trees.

Flowers. Gardener. Flower things (Explanation of flowers in the spring Hui ì grass general term:

Exotic flowers. Flowers: Strange flowers.

Surname. Radical : ten.

a) Evergreen conifers.

1.Arbors: cedar, Korean pine, black pine, dragon cypress, masson pine, juniper, cycad, araucaria, cedar, and cinnamon.

2.Shrubs: (podocarpus), cypress of a thousand heads, cypress of partial scatter, creeping cypress, Japanese cedar, five-needle pine.

ii) Deciduous conifers (no shrubs):

Arborvitae: Metasequoia, Golden Pine, Pond Fir, Taxus lanceolata.

iii) Evergreen broad-leaved trees:

1.Arbors: camphor, magnolia, privet, palm.

2.Shrubs: coral tree, big-leaved boxwood, melon seed boxwood, boxwood, citrus, orange tree, heather, tung tree, osmanthus, oleander, huangxin, spring, sprinkled golden coral, southern bamboo, June snow, ligustrum, octagonal golden plate, gardenia, mosquito mother, camellia, hypericum, rhododendron, yucca (Polo flower, arrow hemp), cycad (iron tree), ten merits.

iv) Deciduous broad-leaved trees:

1.Arbors: weeping willow, straight willow, maple poplar, dragon claw willow, black tree, locust tree, green tung (Chinese sycamore), plane tree (French plane tree), locust tree (Chinese acacia), acacia, acacia, ginkgo, neem (neem), catalpa tree.

2.Shrubs: cherry blossom, magnolia, peach blossom, plum, crape myrtle, bauhinia, Qi tree, green maple, red leaf plum, begonia, bell hanging begonia, hydrangea, hemp leaf hydrangea, golden bell flower (**), hibiscus, hibiscus (hibiscus tree), mountain hemp stem (Guiyuan tree), pomegranate.

5) Bamboo: Cixiao bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, purple bamboo, Guanyin bamboo, phoenix tail bamboo, Buddha belly bamboo, **inlaid jasper bamboo.

6) Vines: wisteria, luoshi, dijin (creeper, wall creeper), ivy, grapevine, fufang vine.

7) Flowers: sunflowers, chrysanthemums, bunches of red, canna, amaranth, cabbage, chrysanthemums, orchids.

8) Lawn: velvet grass, knotweed, wheat winter grass, four-season grass, tall fescue, manila grass, clover, horseshoe.

The answer to this question about the explanation of botanical terms is as follows:

Botany is a comprehensive science that studies plant morphological anatomy, growth and development, physiology and ecology, phylogenetic evolution, classification, and its relationship with humans, and is a sub-discipline of biology.

1. Mycorrhizal biology and biotechnology: Combining theory and practice in this direction, we will actively carry out interdisciplinary research, focusing on the theory and application of the symbiotic relationship between plants and microorganisms. The symbiosis mainly studied the diversity and ecological distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in terrestrial ecosystems, and the mechanism and application of mycorrhizal symbionts in vegetation restoration, plant growth and development. the correlation between arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts and the growth and metabolism of active ingredients in authentic Chinese herbal medicines; and research and development of mycorrhizal biotechnology.

2. Plant diversity and phyloevolution: In this direction, the phylogenetic classification and evolutionary biology of different plant groups are carried out at the level of species diversity and genetic diversity, and the technologies and methods of pollenology, phytochemistry, cytogenetics, molecular biology and other disciplines are used to deepen the genetic relationship and phylogenetic status of plant taxa.

It provides a basis for the establishment of a natural classification system and the sustainable use of resources. It focuses on the collection, conservation, phylogenetic evolution and sustainable utilization of angiosperm germplasm resources such as legumes and Asteraceae.

3. Sustainable utilization of authentic Chinese herbal medicine resources: Based on medicinal botany and modern technology of Chinese herbal medicines, this direction carries out research on the conservation of germplasm resources, nutrient metabolism regulation, active ingredient detection and evaluation, environmental modification and other aspects of authentic Chinese herbal medicine resources in Hebei Province, and combines them with related disciplines to serve the rational development and sustainable utilization of medicinal plant resources in China, especially in Hebei Province, and the development of the modern technology system of Chinese herbal medicines.

4. Resource phytochemistry: Based on organic chemistry and botany, this direction uses chemical and modern analytical methods to carry out research on the separation and purification, structural determination, biological activity and function, structural modification and synthesis of plant chemical components, and combines with related disciplines to focus on the research in the fields of plant-derived drugs and biopesticides, bioactive ingredients and natural lead compounds.

5. Plant molecular biology: This direction is committed to the research of exogenous gene cloning and transfer and expression to plants by using the principles and technologies of molecular biology and genetic engineering, and cultivating plant strains with transferred gene traits with transgenic plants and suitable cultivated or wild species as breeding materials. It focuses on the research in the fields of screening, cloning and expression of excellent genes of crops and medicinal plants.