Vegetable farmers do not pay enough attention to winter vegetable stubble, what should be avoided in

<> also has a different way to change the stubble plot, after planting this stubble, don't plant anything, dig deep and freeze, and wait until the New Year to plant crops, just dig it up and freeze! This is to leave the spring land, do not want to leave the plot on the wheat winter greenhouse vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, radish, carotene, tomatoes, etc., after the mature harvest on the market, it is necessary to immediately carry out the planting of the stubble, to avoid stubble, resulting in waste of greenhouse resources, resulting in losses, in the effective time to increase income.

Remove the dead branches and leaves and other garbage of the crops in the shed, and if necessary, use the chemical mode of "stuffy shed" to deal with the serious infectious soil-borne diseases brought by the stubble. If the shed is too serious, it is necessary to give up the selection of the shed and build the shed. If the temperature is more than 10 degrees Celsius, the vegetables at this time are prone to freezing, and the leaves and plants will wilt, and if the plant is lower than about 4 degrees for a long time, the plant will die, and the leaf will die, and the plant will wilt and die.

In the winter fallow season, you can also plant the open vegetable field for many years to carry out deep soil drying and wind freezing in sprinkling vegetable seedlings, and cover the surface with black anti-freeze nets or straw, which can not only effectively eliminate pests and diseases, but also promote soil fertility, and increase ground temperature to promote seed germination. The photosynthesis of vegetable crops is very weak when it snows, and the synthesis of photosynthetic products is very small, in order to reduce respiratory consumption, the temperature of the greenhouse at night should be 2 -3 lower than that at night on a sunny day.

If it is a new shed to change the stubble, you don't need to pay more attention, apply foot fertilizer and then plant, because there are fewer vegetable pests in the greenhouse in winter, but it is the easiest to get aphids, and you can spray some low-toxicity pesticides. Increase the well-rotted farmhouse fertilizer or commercial organic fertilizer, as well as trace elements and beneficial bacteria, only the soil nutrition is comprehensive, the root system will grow healthily, drip irrigation using high ridge cultivation, row spacing of more than 1,4 meters, plant spacing of 40 cm, to ensure that the light path wind path is open to the strengthening of photosynthesis.

Lack of temperature or light should be avoided, and water and fertilization should be done in a timely manner, otherwise it will lead to a decrease in yield.

We should pay attention to keeping warm, because the winter weather is very cold, which may cause frostbite to some vegetables, and we should also pay attention to some pests and diseases.

First of all, it is necessary to ensure the gentle temperature of this vegetable planting base, and to water more warm water appropriately, and to choose some Mingxing seeds with a high survival rate.

It should be noted that when watering vegetables in winter, be sure to wait until the sun comes out. And in the evening is not to water the source land. Otherwise, the vegetables are very likely to get frostbitten and hail.

Frost damage occurs when the temperature is below 0, while freeze damage occurs when the temperature is lower than the minimum temperature that the crop can withstand and the temperature does not cause frost damage. This is more common in the winter of vegetables grown in the south. Frost damage will cause the leaf tissue to be frozen and soft, and the leaf color will become darker or even black.

In this case, it will definitely cause a certain reduction in yields, and the remedy is to strengthen the insulation measures, restore the temperature, and spray brassinolide plus seaweed. Hurry up to promote recovery and growth.

There will be frost damage under the frost, frost damage in the later stage of reaction vegetable leaf pockmarks, some vegetables will be directly frostbitten, such as green beans will appear in a short period of time will be rotten and will not be sold for money, or before the frost to do a good job of covering, of course, some vegetables are not afraid of frost General greenhouse vegetables can take reasonable top dressing, timely watering, spraying some preventive agents and other measures to remedy. Four seasons vegetables: four seasons cabbage, four seasons oil and wheat cabbage, four seasons lettuce, four seasons lettuce, four seasons chives, leeks.

This kind of vegetable can be grown not only in winter, but also in the other three seasons.

As long as the outside temperature and ambient temperature return to the normal range, he will gradually eliminate it. Frost damage, on the other hand, requires a slow rise in the outside temperature. Otherwise, it is easy to cause a sudden increase in evaporation, causing the plant to lose too much water and die.

In fact, we here, in addition to what I mentioned above, you can also grow some out-of-season vegetables in the winter greenhouse, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, peppers, etc., so there are quite a lot of vegetables that can be eaten.

It is more suitable for growing vegetable varieties in winter to plant, followed by choosing a more sunny land, because the temperature is relatively low in winter, the sunny plot is more sunny, the temperature will be relatively higher, which is more conducive to the growth of vegetables, the temperature is lower in too shady places, there is more rain in winter, and it rains every three or five times.

It is likely that the vegetables will freeze to death, or it is likely that the vegetables will not be fresh, or it is likely that the color of the vegetables will change.

It is easy to have the problem of necrosis, because the temperature is low, and the vegetable farmers do not pay enough attention, which will lead to a lot of problems, and the yield will also be lower, and the nutritional value and taste are not so good.

It can easily lead to the roots of vegetables being frozen to death, which may also affect the subsequent planting, and will also affect the yield of the vegetables later, as well as the quantity and quality.

One: Vegetables are prone to diseases, and there will even be some insect pests. Two: Lack of nutrients will make vegetables grow less robust, and should be fertilized appropriately. Three: Vegetables are easy to freeze to death, and measures should be taken to keep warm.

The shed should be disinfected thoroughly. After the vegetable is pulled out of the garden, the vegetable farmers in order to catch up with the stubble and make the next stubble vegetables go on the market as soon as possible, most of them are hastily planted after the stubble is pulled, and the disinfection work of the greenhouse is neglected, which lays a hidden danger for the outbreak of vegetable diseases in the next stubble. When changing vegetables, be sure to clean up the dead branches and leaves in the shed and do a good job of disinfection.

After the vegetable garden is pulled, 1000 grams of sulfur powder per mu are mixed with sawdust, mixed well and placed in each point in the shed, and the farm tools and poles used are also put into the shed, and the dark fire is lit and the greenhouse is fumigated for 12 hours. It can also be fumigated and sterilized with 400-600 grams of 45% chlorothalonil smoke removal agent per mu, and the greenhouse needs to be closed for 2 days during fumigation, and the vent is opened for ventilation 2 days before planting. The soil in the shed should also be disinfected, and the ground can be sprayed with 30% phenylthiocyanide 1000 times or 95% chlormetyl 450 times.

After disinfection, the vegetables are planted, and the effect is better. In greenhouses with underground pests, an appropriate amount of insecticide can be applied to the cave before vegetable planting to prevent underground pests.

Therefore, when planting vegetables, it is recommended that it is best not to use weak seedlings, and select seedlings with vigorous growth, lush branches and leaves, and developed root system. Vegetables do not grow after planting, and the village vegetables think that it should be the influence of soil adhesion, which can be improved, combined with the situation I encountered before: the long-term use of chemical fertilizers, ignoring the use of organic fertilizers in the farm, resulting in soil compaction, drought and waterlogging, vegetable roots can not be rooted for a while, prolonging the seedling period, and vegetables are difficult to "live" for a while.

<> whether it is spring or autumn, if the vegetables after planting do not take root, so that the soil is sold in the planting of vegetables, chemical fertilizers and various mixed fertilizers, use too much, the roots of vegetables let the fertilizer burn rot, so the vegetables do not take root, and the death of vegetables will be seriously caused. Our base carries out seedling cultivation around February 6 every year with cucumber germination, and 2 layers of film covering and planting in greenhouses around April 1, with a seedling age of less than 45 days. At this time, after the seedlings are planted, the growth is strong, the slow seedlings stretch quickly, and the growth rate is balanced and stable.

After the seedling age is more than 50 days, it forms a "small old seedling", and the growth potential is obviously weakened after transplanting, and there are small old seedlings and bitter gourds, serious flowering, melons, and no melons.

One is that the soil is too much water or watered incorrectly. Watering is usually done after transplanting, and some require several days of watering after transplanting. If the soil moisture is too much, it will lead to poor soil ventilation, and the roots will not be able to breathe and the problem of rooting will occur, and then it will naturally not be able to take root.

The physical structure, chemical structure, and biological structure of the soil will have an impact on the growth of vegetables after planting, such as soil conditions, poor air permeability, excessive drought or excessive humidity, and the root growth of vegetables after planting will be hindered, which will lead to slow growth of vegetables, and may lead to dead seedlings in severe cases.

When selecting seedlings, it is necessary to select high-quality seedlings with strong plants, developed root systems, many capillaries, strong stems, green leaves, and no disease and insect pests. In addition, in order to eliminate the rapid growth of vegetables, it is also possible to use rooting agents to promote root growth before planting, and to prevent the infection of pests and diseases. Thus promoting the rapid growth of vegetables after colonization.

There are some problems with the seedlings they buy, and there may be a bad way of planting them, which leads to a lack and delay in the occurrence of this phenomenon.

Because the weather has become cold at this time, it is difficult for plants to survive in a cold environment, and the survival rate is also very low.

It was because there was no timely watering when transplanting the seedlings at that time, and there was a shortage of water, so the seedlings would not be ideal.

In the autumn and winter of greenhouse vegetables, vegetable farmers will use thermal insulation cloth to cover two or three layers of thermal insulation cloth on the greenhouse, and in the colder time, they will point thermal insulation blocks in the greenhouse. If the budget is not enough, light it with a candle to warm him up so that the dish does not get frostbitten.

In winter, in order to reduce heat loss and raise air and soil temperatures, the greenhouse film should be covered as tightly as possible. Wind shields can be set around the greenhouse, and multi-layer covering measures such as middle sheds, small sheds, and plastic films can be set up in the greenhouse. Heating measures such as electric heating and coal furnace heating can also be used to increase the temperature.

Try to cover the canopy film tightly.

In order to reduce heat loss and increase air temperature and soil temperature in winter, the greenhouse film should be covered as tightly as possible. Wind barriers can be set around the greenhouse, and multi-layer coverage measures such as middle shed, small shed, and plastic film can be set in the greenhouse. Heating measures can also be used to increase the temperature, such as electric heating, coal furnace heating, etc.

Before planting: organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, to increase the content of organic matter in the soil, make the soil more fertile, and lay a good foundation for the later growth of vegetables.

After planting: After the vegetable is planted, the biological bacteria with their own nutrients are flushed and fertilized to promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, increase soil permeability, supplement beneficial bacteria, inhibit the occurrence of soil-borne diseases, and at the same time take root and strengthen the roots, maintain the root system, reduce the situation of rotten roots and dead trees of vegetables, and the roots are strong and grow well, which is more conducive to the improvement of yield in the later stage.

Reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer, too much chemical fertilizer affects the growth of the root system, control the temperature of the greenhouse, and avoid burning the roots at too high temperature; It is recommended to ridge cultivation and avoid furrow planting or furrow planting; When watering, avoid flood irrigation and avoid stagnant water; Frequent hoeing increases soil permeability and is more conducive to the growth of vegetables.

The management of greenhouse vegetables in autumn is very important, which is the basis of the entire growth period, and the water, temperature, and fertilization should be paid attention to.

Today, most farmers grow out-of-season vegetables, which differ from traditional open-field production and have special requirements for fertilizer and water management. However, in production practice, following the experience of conventional production forms in the past, blindly pursuing yield and applying a large amount of fertilizer often leads to a series of undesirable phenomena such as soil acidification, aggravation of pests and diseases, and yield reduction.

Now with greenhouses, the cultivation of out-of-season vegetables is not a problem. Similarly, through greenhouse cultivation, it can be circulated to the market and obtain relatively high economic benefits. So, are out-of-season vegetables easy to grow?

Planting is not a trivial matter, and off-season planting also needs to pay attention to many aspects, such as temperature and humidity, light, water and fertilizer, pests and diseases, etc. And first of all, it should be a matter of ground temperature. Low winter temperatures and low soil temperatures are not conducive to root and plant growth.

Therefore, in order to grow out-of-season vegetables, the following work must be done on the basis of ensuring good ground temperature in order to obtain high yield and high quality.

In the process of technology application, attention should be paid to the problem of excessive irrigation fertilizer water. Many farmers always feel that the amount of fertilizer produced by drip irrigation is small, and their hearts are not steady, resulting in longer irrigation time. One consequence of extended irrigation time is a waste of water.

On the other hand, nutrients that are not absorbed by the soil are leached below the root layer, wasting fertilizer. Over-irrigation tends to exhibit similar symptoms of nitrogen deficiency, with yellowing of leaves and stunted plant growth.

What problems should be paid attention to when applying organic fertilizer.

The nutrients contained in organic fertilizers are not a panacea. Organic fertilizer contains a variety of nutrients, which is better than single-nutrient chemical fertilizer, but contains unbalanced nutrients, which can not meet the needs of high yield and high quality of crops. The organic fertilizer decomposes slowly, and the fertilizer effect is late.

Although organic fertilizer contains all the nutrients, it is low in content and decomposes slowly in the soil. The amount of organic fertilizer is not large, and it is difficult to meet the nutritional needs of crops.

Organic fertilizers need to be fermented. Many organic fertilizers contain germs, insect eggs and weed seeds, and some organic fertilizers contain organic compounds that are not conducive to the growth of crops, so they can only be applied after fermentation, and raw manure cannot be placed on the ground. Contraindications to the use of organic fertilizers.

Mature organic fertilizer should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizer and nitrate nitrogen fertilizer.