The German Empire was a constitutional monarchy, why did the bourgeoisie say that it had great power

Why can't the emperor be a bourgeoisie?

The Chinese emperor relied on the support of the landlord class and therefore represented the interests of the landlord class.

The Kaiser, on the other hand, was supported by the bourgeoisie against the Junker landlords, so he represented the interests of the bourgeoisie. The emperor could not do everything himself, so he appointed the bourgeoisie to power (such as Bismarck), and since it was called constitutional, there was a constitution to check the imperial power (of course, the German constitution was almost restrictive, but after all, it was better than not being able to follow), so it was said.

Constitution of the German Empire: Article 45 The Confederation represents the Confederation at the international level and may conclude alliances, conclude treaties, and confer and receive envoys in the name of the Confederation.

Declaration of war and peace, enforced by federal law.

The consent of the Federal Congress shall be obtained for the conclusion of alliances and treaties of foreign countries concerning matters relating to federal legislation.

Article 46 In the absence of special provisions in the law, the Federal Assembly may appoint and dismiss federal civil and military officials, and may exercise this power of appointment and dismissal to other official offices.

Article 47 The Federal Assembly** shall have the supreme command power over all the Federal Wehrmacht.

Article 48 The Federal Assembly may enforce a state of the Union by force if it fails to fulfill its obligations under the Constitution of the Federation or by the laws of the Federation.

The level of development of capitalism in Germany is relatively low, the bourgeoisie is relatively weak, and the feudal Junker aristocracy and warlords are powerful. In the war of unification, the bourgeoisie did not have a leading position, and it was the Junker aristocracy who did.

It is a constitutional monarchy, but it retains a strong feudal remnant and militaristic tradition, and is an incomplete and imperfect bourgeois representative system.

You said it yourself, constitutional monarchy.

The constitutional monarchy is a typical model of the bourgeois state, and it is still the same form of government in Britain today.

The monarchy is constitutional, the monarch has been "constitutionalized" by the bourgeoisie, and he still has a ball authority!

The Emperor of the German Empire had absolute authority, but he did not represent the feudal class but the Junker landlord class (a kind of bourgeoisie that was not completely divorced from the landlord class).

So, this thing, you can't delve into the surface, you have to look at the representation of the ruling class, it's not that it's called the "empire", it's the country of the feudal lords, the simplest, now the younger brother of the United States is still called the "United Kingdom", isn't its queen not on behalf of the bourgeoisie but on behalf of the landlords?

The United Kingdom's constitutional monarchy.

1 Mutual relations between the Parliament, the Cabinet and the King.

2 Characteristics of the British constitutional monarchy.

1) Based on representative democracy and with a responsible cabinet as the core, it is a mixture of monarchy, aristocracy and democracy, and an appropriate combination of traditional habits and practical needs.

2) The parliament is the center of power and holds the legislative power.

3) The Prime Minister holds executive power.

4) The king's "rule without rule" is only a symbol of national unity.

5) Cabinet members are nominated by the Prime Minister, are collectively responsible for the affairs of the Prime Minister, and work together with the Prime Minister politically.

3 The influence of the British constitutional monarchy.

1) Politics: Maintaining the stability of the political situation. After the promulgation of the Bill of Rights, the long-term struggle between the British parliament and the king tended to ease, and the political situation gradually stabilized, creating conditions for the development of British society.

2) Economy: Created conditions for the Industrial Revolution Century Britain took various measures to protect intellectual property rights, expand overseas markets, and protect the development of the British economy, creating conditions for the arrival of the Industrial Revolution.

3) External: Expanded colonial expansion. After the establishment of the constitutional monarchy, under the impetus of the bourgeoisie, Britain stepped up its struggle for world colonial hegemony and achieved the status of world colonial hegemony in the mid-18th century.

4) World: Britain was the first country in the world to establish a constitutional monarchy, creating a new model of capitalist government, which was later adopted by many countries.

Get a comprehensive understanding of the 1787 Constitution of the United States.

1 Characteristics of the 1787 Constitution of the United States.

1) It is a written constitution.

This constitution was the world's first relatively complete bourgeois written constitution, which created a precedent for Western countries to formulate written constitutions, and also laid the legal foundation for the American political system.

2) Strong adaptability.

The U.S. Constitution is the longest-running constitution in the world, lasting more than 200 years. This is because capitalist private ownership in the United States has never changed, and the political situation is relatively stable, and only minor amendments to the Constitution can continue to apply.

Similarities and differences between the political systems of Germany and France.

1) Similarities:

All are capitalist representative democracies, products of capitalist development, and all are established in the form of law. The National Assembly consists of two chambers, the lower house elected and has legislative power;

Head of State)** or the Emperor is the head of state and the supreme commander of the army, wielding executive power, appointing and dismissing** and dissolving parliament.

2) Differences:

Germany, France, form of government, dualist constitutional monarchy, ** democratic republic.

Head of state German Kaiser **The head of state is elected hereditary by a majority vote in the National Assembly.

Germany was unified through three dynastic wars, and the German constitution stipulated that Germany was a constitutional monarchy. But his constitutional monarchy was different from the English monarchy, who had a great deal of real power, and his rights included. You can check this yourself.

Germany's parliament is constrained and has very few powers. France's ** and parliament hold each other at bay.

2. Similarities and differences between the constitutional monarchy of the German Empire and the French republic:

than quietly old in France Germany.

Form of government: parliamentary republic, constitutional monarchy.

The similarities are bourgeois representativeness; Legislative power rests in Parliament;

all embody the separation of powers and checks and balances; All embody the principles of democracy.

Constitution of the French Third Republic of 1875 Constitution of the German Empire of 1871

Center of power parliament Emperor.

Head of state ** Emperor.

The head of state is elected by a joint session of the Senate and the House of Representatives, and the emperor is hereditary.

The term of office of the head of state is seven years, and he can be re-elected for a second term The power of the head of state for life Hold real power Hold real power.

Executive power ** Emperor, Prime Minister.

The relationship between the legislative power and the executive power embodies the principle of restraint and balance The characteristics of the executive power controlling the legislative power The parliamentary republic and the rapid system of military feudalism and the weight of the emperor.

Differences:

Form of Government: France: Democratic Republic.

Germany: Constitutional monarchy.

Heads of state and how they are generated.

France:**; Election.

Germany: Emperor; Hereditary.

The relationship between the Führer, ** and the Parliament.

France:** has the power to dissolve parliament and appoint a cabinet, the cabinet is accountable to parliament and subject to parliamentGermany: the emperor dominates parliament and cabinet; The Zai was accountable to the Emperor; The executive branch controls the legislature and the center of state power.

France: Parliament.

Germany: Emperor;

Similarities: both have the element of compromise with the anti-democratic forces in the country, and both belong to the bourgeois political system.