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The German constitutional monarchy is somewhat progressive, but it is also negative.
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The evaluation of the constitutional monarchy of the German Empire, I think, is a product of that era, and there is nothing good or bad.
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What is the evaluation of the constitutional monarchy of the German Empire? It's the monarchy that the chairman's country has.
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。The head of the Reich was the Emperor, held by the King of Prussia, who had the power to appoint chancellors and senior officials, convene and dissolve parliaments, declare war, make peace, and was the supreme commander of the army.
The Chancellor of the Reich was the Prime Minister of Prussia and was accountable only to the Emperor.
Legislative power was vested in the Reichstag, which consisted of 58 deputies appointed by the states**, and Prussia was decisive in the Reichstag and could veto bills passed by the Reichstag. The Reichstag was elected by universal suffrage, and its budgetary and legislative powers were subject to the federal parliament.
The decisive role in the empire was played by the emperor and the prime minister, and the Junker bourgeoisie enjoyed privileges at all levels and in the army.
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To a certain extent, it is the beginning of the nominal lord system, and it is no longer the emperor who has the final say.
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The United Kingdom's constitutional monarchy.
1 Mutual relations between the Parliament, the Cabinet and the King.
2 Characteristics of the British constitutional monarchy.
1) Based on representative democracy and with a responsible cabinet as the core, it is a mixture of monarchy, aristocracy and democracy, and an appropriate combination of traditional habits and practical needs.
2) The parliament is the center of power and holds the legislative power.
3) The Prime Minister holds executive power.
4) The king's "rule without rule" is only a symbol of national unity.
5) Cabinet members are nominated by the Prime Minister, are collectively responsible for the affairs of the Prime Minister, and work together with the Prime Minister politically.
3 The influence of the British constitutional monarchy.
1) Politics: Maintaining the stability of the political situation. After the promulgation of the Bill of Rights, the long-term struggle between the British parliament and the king tended to ease, and the political situation gradually stabilized, creating conditions for the development of British society.
2) Economy: Created conditions for the Industrial Revolution Century Britain took various measures to protect intellectual property rights, expand overseas markets, and protect the development of the British economy, creating conditions for the arrival of the Industrial Revolution.
3) External: Expanded colonial expansion. After the establishment of the constitutional monarchy, under the impetus of the bourgeoisie, Britain stepped up its struggle for world colonial hegemony and achieved the status of world colonial hegemony in the mid-18th century.
4) World: Britain was the first country in the world to establish a constitutional monarchy, creating a new model of capitalist government, which was later adopted by many countries.
Get a comprehensive understanding of the 1787 Constitution of the United States.
1 Characteristics of the 1787 Constitution of the United States.
1) It is a written constitution.
This constitution was the world's first relatively complete bourgeois written constitution, which created a precedent for Western countries to formulate written constitutions, and also laid the legal foundation for the American political system.
2) Strong adaptability.
The U.S. Constitution is the longest-running constitution in the world, lasting more than 200 years. This is because capitalist private ownership in the United States has never changed, and the political situation is relatively stable, and only minor amendments to the Constitution can continue to apply.
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Similarities and differences between the political systems of Germany and France.
1) Similarities:
All are capitalist representative democracies, products of capitalist development, and all are established in the form of law. The National Assembly consists of two chambers, the lower house elected and has legislative power;
Head of State)** or the Emperor is the head of state and the supreme commander of the army, wielding executive power, appointing and dismissing** and dissolving parliament.
2) Differences:
Germany, France, form of government, dualist constitutional monarchy, ** democratic republic.
Head of state German Kaiser **The head of state is elected hereditary by a majority vote in the National Assembly.
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Germany belongs to the kind of country that governs the country by the army.
The king has a heavy army. So his rights will be slightly greater than that of the British.
But during World War II. Thanks to the chancellor of Hitler. The king's power was further weakened.
And let's go. You also have to look at the time.
Now the German king has abdicated. There is no king anymore. It's a republic.
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After the end of World War I, the Kaiser abdicated and the constitutional monarchy ended, now a parliamentary republic.
The constitutional monarchy is to transfer the legislative power and executive power in the hands of the king and emperor to the constitution-centered Diet, but the country still retains the monarch, the world's earliest constitutional state, I think it should belong to Japan, and its emperor was already a symbol of the country in the feudal era (the general can be counted as the prime minister, the samurai law can be counted as the constitution, and the public can be counted as the parliament). >>>More
1. Three systems in one. The constitutional monarchy is governed by the monarchy. >>>More
Constitutional monarchy is actually a mutual compromise between capitalism and feudalism, which ensures a smooth transition from feudal society to capitalist society. The French Revolution, a revolutionary form that completely overthrew feudalism, would have shed blood and sacrifices and cause great social turmoil, but it was more revolutionary.
According to the principle of separation of powers and checks and balances, there are two types of democratic systems: the ** system and the cabinet system. Under the ** system, both the ** and the National Assembly are directly elected by the people. >>>More
Constitutional monarchy, monarchy, and federalism are three different state systems. >>>More