What is black bile? Why does human bile turn black

About 2,000 years ago, the Greeks believed that the depressive state was caused by an excess of "black bile" in the body, and the word "melancholy" itself means "black bile". They believe that some people are born with black bile --- melancholic type individuals with choleric qualities.

Yellow bile predominates in the human body, mucus mass.

The mucus in the human body is predominant, depressive and depressive.

black bile predominates in the human body. However, they also believe that stress, diet, and seasonal changes can affect the amount of black bile in the body. Today, we have abandoned the old "black bile" theory and are looking for the cause of depression by studying brain chemistry.

Unfortunately, we are not as speculative as the Greeks: some people think that brain chemistry causes depression, but while those who are depressed do have brain chemistry, it doesn't mean that brain chemistry causes depression. For example, we know adrenaline.

There is a certain relationship between the secretion of anxiety and anxiety, but this does not mean that adrenaline is the direct cause of depression, or that reducing adrenaline can lead to anxiety. For example, if a robber forces us to give money, our adrenaline levels may increase, causing us to experience a certain amount of anxiety, and if we want to get rid of this anxiety, the only way to get rid of this anxiety is to take the robber away instead of taking some kind of drug.

The term black bile comes from the writings of the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates, who proposed the concept of black bile as a bodily fluid related to human emotions and temperament.

In contemporary medicine, the concept of black bile is no longer used, because modern physiological and psychological theories no longer attribute human emotions and temperament to the physical properties of bodily fluids. Historically, however, black bile was considered one of the four bodily fluids of the human body, which, along with blood, mucus, and yellow bile, together make up the body's basic constitution and mood.

Normal bile should be golden yellow or dark green, clear and free of impurities. If the color changes, there are several reasons:

1) Grass green: indicates that the bilirubin in the bile is affected by bacteria or oxidized by gastric acid.

2) White: It means that due to long-term obstruction in the gallbladder neck duct or hepatic bile duct, the bile pigment and bile salt in the bile are absorbed, and are replaced by the white bile secreted by the gallbladder mucosa and bile duct mucosa, and this white bile is drained out within a few hours after the operation.

3) Purulent: sediment-like turbidity, indicating severe inflammation and infection in the biliary tract or sediment-like residual stones.

4) Red: there is bleeding in the biliary tract, mainly due to inflammation in the bile duct caused by erosion and rupture of small blood vessels and bleeding, once bleeding occurs, anti-inflammatory drugs can be taken, or a small amount of multiple blood transfusions can be taken to increase coagulation factors; "T" shaped tube flushing, etc. If the bleeding persists, another operation may be needed to stop the bleeding.

Be mentally prepared.

Can patients with bile drainage drink yogurt?

This is the normal color, the normal bile is dark green, and the gallstone is formed by the concentration of bile, so it looks like black.

Gallbladder crystals are the first manifestation of cholesterol stones, and if they continue to develop, they will lead to gallstones.

The main components of human bile are cholesterol, bile acids and phospholipids, and under normal circumstances, there is an appropriate ratio between the three, so fat-soluble cholesterol can be completely dissolved in bile with the help of bile acids and phospholipids. Once the ratio of the three is out of balance for some reason, such as high cholesterol concentration or relative reduction of bile acids and phospholipids, part of the cholesterol in the bile cannot be dissolved in the bile, but cholesterol crystals will be precipitated and deposited on the gallbladder wall, which is commonly found as gallbladder crystals. Once gallbladder crystals are formed, they are often difficult to eliminate, and they usually grow larger or longer.

After a certain period of time, the precipitated cholesterol crystals coalesce into clumps of each other, which is commonly referred to as gallstones.

Too much black bile (melancholia) produces melancholia, which is still used today to represent melancholy or depression. Later generations also have the theory of deriving the four fluids and the four personality traits, that is, the bloody people are fickle, the black bile people are melancholy, and the yellow bile people are restless.

Basic bodily fluids. One of the four bodily fluids of blood, mucus, bile, and black bile, ancient physiologists believed that their relative proportions determined a person's temperament and health.

According to Gallen's hypothesis, the four main body fluids are blood, mucus, yellow bile, and black bile. The various mixtures of these bodily fluids determine each person's physique or temperament, as well as mental and physical quality.

There are four types of bodily fluids in the human body.

Blood, mucus, pat xiang, plum, yellow bile, black bile.

This feast is sold as black bile.

The ratio of these four bodily fluids determines the personality of the person.

It has been reported before that black bears take bile from live bodies, and it is true, but it is not said that it has been 22 years that long.

The most famous doctrine of temperament in ancient Greece was the theory of temperament and humor proposed by Hippocrates. According to Hippocrates, the human body contains four types of bodily fluids: blood, mucus, yellow bile, and black bile, and the state of the organism is determined by the proper combination of these four bodily fluids.

This view has evolved and gradually formed the theory that temperament can be divided into four types: bloody, mucous, choleric, and depressive according to the characteristics of body fluids. The reason for the differentiation of the four temperament types is that the dominant body fluids are different. The predominance of blood is called polyhaematotic, the predominance of mucus is called mucus, the predominance of yellow bile is called choleritic, and the predominance of black bile is called depressive.

Typical behaviors of the four basic temperament types are as follows:

1. Clerial nature: enthusiastic and straightforward, energetic, short-tempered, impulsive, quick to react, strong emotional response, and obvious extraversion. They can devote themselves to work and study with great enthusiasm, but lack patience.

With the right education, they can also possess good qualities such as perseverance, initiative, and ingenuity.

2 Bloody: Lively and active, quick to react, and able to react with interest to anything that catches his attention. Agile, highly malleable, flexible, easy to adapt to new environments, good at making new friends.

Emotions are easy to occur and change, expressions are vivid, and speech is relatively agitatory. Under a good education, people with a lot of blood can cultivate a high degree of collectivist feelings, and it is easy to form a positive attitude towards learning and labor.

3. Mucous quality: slow psychological reaction, slow movement, steady attitude, taciturn, good at restraint, patience, practical spirit, emotions are not easy to occur, and it is not easy to be exposed. People with this temperament are poorly malleable, show inflexibility, and show introversion in behavior and emotions.

Under the conditions of good education, mucous people are prone to develop characteristics such as diligence, seeking truth from facts, and perseverance.

4. Depressive quality: high sensitivity, deep and delicate emotional experience, easy to be sentimental, withdrawn behavior, unsociable, and slow to respond. People with this type of temperament tend to be imaginative and show tenacity in the work they can.

In a united and friendly collective, good qualities such as meekness, tactfulness, firmness, and compassion can be displayed. However, in unfavorable situations such as danger and tension, they often show fear, cowardice, cowering, indecision, and are often restless, depressed, depressed, and pessimistic after being frustrated, and often experience all kinds of grievances pathologically.

In real life, only a few people have the typical characteristics of a certain temperament type, and the majority belong to a mixture of different temperament types.

Choleric: Contemporary Angry Youth.

Bloody: Revolutionary youth.