Freshwater river shrimp farming technology, river shrimp farming methods

When cultivating river shrimp, it is necessary to build a shrimp pond of the right size, and the depth is about two meters. The substrate at the bottom can be a mixture of sandy and silty soil, but less silt. Before putting the shrimp seedlings, the shrimp pond should be disinfected to ensure sterility.

When putting it, the density should be controlled, not too dense. If conditions permit, oxygenation can be increased with the help of an aerator.

The diet of river shrimp is very mixed, from the larval stage to adult shrimp zooplankton, algae, cladopods, copepods, small aquatic insects, organic detritus, filamentous algae sessile algae, small invertebrates, etc., but they prefer animal feed.

Compound feed can be used under artificial breeding conditions, and it especially likes to eat snail meat, earthworms, small trash fish, fly maggots, silkworm pupae and other animal feed, so it is better to add some animal feed appropriately in the breeding process.

1. Shrimp ponds: When cultivating freshwater river shrimp, you need to choose to build a pond far away from the factory. 2. Water quality:

Apply well-rotted organic fertilizer to the water to increase fertility. 3. Bait: When feeding river shrimp, it is necessary to provide soybean milk, surimi, pellet feed, etc.

4. Inspection: Fish out the leftover bait of freshwater river shrimp in time every night to avoid rancid water quality.

1. Build a shrimp pond

If you want to breed freshwater river shrimp, the first step is to prepare a suitable place, the general shrimp pond should be built away from the factory, so as not to pollute the shrimp pond with sewage and fertilizer water flowing into the water source, the inlet and outlet of the shrimp pond should have an iron net to prevent the escape of shrimp, the depth is about 2 meters, and the maximum area can not exceed 3 acres.

2. Adjust water quality

Before releasing seeds, you need to put some fertilizer in the shrimp pond to adjust the water quality, generally about 50 kg of base fertilizer per mu, and then add some aquatic plants after putting fertilizer, so that the pool water becomes yellow, green and shiny, and the transparency is about 30 cm is the best, so that there can be enough floating in the pool water.

3. Prepare bait

When feeding river shrimp, the bait can not always be the same, the use of plant bait alone or the simple use of animal bait is not good for river shrimp, the feeding of river shrimp is more miscellaneous, so the feed needs to be more diversified, generally to use pellet feed and surimi, soybean meal and other mixed feeding methods to put in.

4. Regular inspections

The shrimp pond needs to be inspected regularly, the main purpose of the inspection is to observe the condition of the pool water, timely remove the food residues and rotten aquatic plants and algae inside, etc., to ensure the cleanliness and hygiene of the water quality, and change the water frequently in the high temperature season, disinfect with quicklime every 15 days, and regularly open the aerator to add oxygen to the pool water.

The shrimp pond culture technology was introduced from the aspects of pond conditions, pre-stocking preparation, seed stocking, feeding, daily management, disease prevention and control, and waterlogging to provide reference for water farmers.

The scientific name of the green shrimp is the Japanese giant river prawn, which is mainly found in the freshwater waters of China and Japan. In recent years, all parts of our county have set off a pond breeding shrimp fever, but due to the lack of technology, the benefits are not obvious. After years of experiments and explorations, the author has summarized a set of shrimp pond culture technology in practice, which is introduced as follows.

1. Pond conditions.

The area of the shrimp breeding pond is the best, the water depth is about and around, and the pond ridge should have a certain slope, and the slope ratio is usually 1. The water source should be alive, so that it is convenient for drainage and irrigation, there are aquatic plants, and the pond silt is about 10cm. Each pond is equipped with an aerator, generally equipped with 1 aerator, and the inlet and drainage outlets should be covered with dense mesh or double-layer sieve silk to prevent predators and wild trash fish and discharged eggs from entering the pond.

The market demand for river shrimp is increasing day by day, and it is popular and expensive. In the case of sea bass, osmanthus fish, eel, soft-shelled turtle, sturgeon and many other famous and high-quality fish, river shrimp is still very strong.

The river shrimp in the Huangsha Aquatic Products Trading Market in Guangzhou has a sales peak of 52 yuan-56 yuan per kilogram. Due to the large market demand, the limited amount of wild resources, and the decreasing catch due to the pollution of river waters, the prospects for the development of artificial aquaculture are promising.

Some experts believe that as long as they are properly raised, the benefits of raising river shrimp per mu are 6-8 times that of fish farming, or even more. According to the understanding, the breeding of river shrimp is not complicated, generally the water depth of 1 meter at the bottom of the pond with sand and mud pond can be used as the river shrimp breeding pond, the pond should be close to the water source, in order to drain in time, increase oxygen. River shrimp is omnivorous, it has strong fecundity, fast growth, and can also be mixed with non-carnivorous fish such as silver carp and mrigal, and the breeding is good, and the economic benefits are considerable.

Which morphological structures of the river shrimp are adapted to its aquatic environment:

It has flaky swimming feet, a fan-like tail, feathery gills, slender legs and feet, and particularly curvature eyes.

Jiwei shrimp is better to raise.

Jiwei shrimp, commonly known as sand shrimp, is a wide-temperature and wide-salt shrimp. The temperature resistance range is 10 37, the optimal temperature is 17 32, and the ability to resist hypoxia is stronger than that of shrimp. Generally, the yield per mu can reach 80 150 kg, and the following matters should be paid attention to in its breeding

Generally, in late May, when the water temperature is stable at 18 20, shrimp fry can be stocked. Shrimp fry need to be desalinated for more than a week, and the specific gravity can be stocked below. Generally, 340,000 shrimp seedlings are placed per mu, and seedlings below centimeters need to be temporarily raised.

The shrimp pond can be polycultured with 80 150 fingerlings of 10 20 cm silver carp.

Feed feeding. Shrimp seedlings basically do not need to be fed with bait in January when they go down to the pond, and mainly rely on plankton in the pond for food. After 1 month, feed with bait, supplemented by fresh fish, shellfish, etc., and the feeding rate is generally 3% 5% of the body weight of shrimp.

7 In September, the amount of bait can be appropriately increased, with the principle of no residual bait, the number of bait is 2 3 times a day, the amount of bait accounts for 1 3 during the day, and 2 3 in the evening. Generally, 80 100 days of cultivation, the shrimp body is up to 7 10 cm and can be caught according to the market. It can be fished with nets or released into water, and the survival rate can reach 90% after 36 hours out of the water.

River shrimp has high requirements for water quality, and it is required to stay away from industrial wastewater pollution sources, and shrimp ponds are best built in a location with good lighting. A shrimp pond is about 3 acres wide, 2 meters deep is appropriate, the bottom is sandy, less silt, and the inlet and drainage outlets should be laid with centimeter size dense nets to prevent escape and prevent wild miscellaneous fish outside the pond from invading.

After selecting the orientation and specifications, the shrimp pond should be disinfected. It is recommended to apply 75 100 kg of quicklime per mu for disinfection half a month before the seedlings are released.

2. Bait preparation.

1 week before the stocking of shrimp seedlings, filter with 60 80 mesh sieve silk, 30 cm of water, apply 50 kg of base fertilizer (fermented animal manure) or 5 kg of urea per mu to cultivate the basic bait, pay attention to keep the transparency of the pool water at about 30 cm.

3. Stocking of shrimp seedlings.

After the preliminary work is ready, you can stock shrimp seedlings, and the most critical thing is density control. In general, we take a pond with a water depth of 2 meters as an example, assuming that the planned yield is to reach 80 kg, then it is recommended to stock 80,000 shrimp seedlings per mu. Of course, if the pond conditions are good and equipped with an aerator, the stocking density can be increased appropriately.

Fourth, feed feeding.

Green shrimp have miscellaneous diets, and if the shrimp seedlings are raised in captivity, it is best to feed them with full-price broken pellet bait within 1 month. In the first half of the month, the kilogram is fed per mu every day, and the kilogram is fed in the second half of the month, at 7 8 o'clock in the morning, and at 5 6 o'clock in the afternoon, the feeding ratio in the morning is about 35 of the total daily input, and the afternoon is.

65％。When casting bait, it should be evenly scattered around the edge of the pond, and only a small amount should be placed in the middle of the pond.

5. Daily management.

Change the water every 2 to 3 days in the high temperature season by 20 to 30 cm. Every half month or so, 5 10 kg of quicklime slurry is poured on the whole pool, which not only improves water quality and substrate, but also sterilizes and promotes hulling growth.

8 In October, the storage of green shrimp in the pond increased sharply, and it is the season of changeable climate, which is prone to hypoxia floating, so it is necessary to strengthen the patrol of the pond and add water or start the machine to increase oxygen in time. After stopping eating in winter, it is necessary to add water and appropriate fertilizer regularly to control the water quality and water level to reduce the occurrence of moss and black-shell shrimp. In addition, green shrimp is very sensitive to trichlorfon and pyrethroid pesticides, and it is strictly forbidden for this type of pesticide to enter the pond to avoid poisoning.

In the process of breeding freshwater shrimp, you can choose the open terrain, sufficient water source pond as the breeding pond, the pond needs to be disinfected before breeding, eliminate the bacteria in the pond, in the process of breeding, need to provide high-protein, high-calcium feed for freshwater shrimp, so that it can absorb enough nutrients, grow more robust.

1. Breeding sites

When breeding freshwater shrimp, you can choose the abandoned pond with convenient drainage and developed transportation as the breeding site, and the silt and debris in the pond need to be cleaned up before breeding, and the pond is disinfected with quicklime or bleaching powder to provide a clean growth environment for freshwater shrimp.

2. Provide feed

In the process of farming, it is necessary to provide a balanced feed for freshwater shrimp. It is best to provide it with feed three to four times a day, and the feed can be mixed with cereal feed such as corn meal, rice bran, wheat bran, etc., to provide sufficient calcium and protein for freshwater shrimp.

3. Regular disinfection

In the process of breeding, the pond needs to be disinfected regularly, and it is best to splash quicklime on the pond every ten days to eliminate the bacteria in the water, and you can also regularly drain and add water to ensure the cleanliness of the water quality. At the same time, the wooden stick can be inserted deep into the bottom of the pool and stirred to expel the harmful gases from the bottom of the pool.

4. Plant aquatic plants

In the process of growing, freshwater shrimp has a higher demand for oxygen, in the process of breeding, aquatic plants can be planted in the pond to improve the oxygen content in the water, and after planting aquatic plants, it is necessary to regularly check the growth status of aquatic weeds, so as to avoid the decay and death of aquatic weeds and affect the water quality.

Freshwater shrimp farming techniques are as follows:

1. Pond preparation.

The area of shrimp pond is 1000-5000 square meters, the effective depth is meters, the bottom of the pond is flat, the water quality is fresh, the drainage and irrigation are convenient, the water retention is good, the slope is large, and the construction of anti-escape facilities is done at the same time.

2. Clear the pool and disinfect.

Drain the pond water 20-30 days before the shrimp seedlings are stocked, remove too much silt, renovate the pond ridge, and use 75 kg of quicklime or bleaching powder, bleach essence and other drugs per mu to thoroughly clean the pond and disinfect.

3. Aquatic weed cultivation.

After the pond is disinfected, water spinach, water peanut, bitter grass and other plant-shaped oak halls are planted on the water level of 70 cm of the pond slope around the pond, with a grass width of about 1 meter and a plant spacing of meters, accounting for about 15-20% of the total area of the pond.

4. Seed stocking.

When the water temperature of the shrimp pond is stable above 20, the shrimp seedlings can be put in, and it is best to stocking the juvenile shrimp after the intermediate cultivation in the greenhouse or greenhouse after the size is more than centimeters, and the survival rate is more than 75%, and the stocking amount is 10,000 acres.

5. Bait feeding.

The feeding habit of giant river prawn is omnivorous and animalistic, so the bait feeding should be based on artificial pellet feed with a crude protein content of 35-40%, and appropriately fed with fresh bait such as partially chopped small trash fish, snail meat, mussel meat, etc.

6. Water quality management.

Shrimp pond should pay attention to water quality management, so that the pool water to maintain "fertile, live, tender, cool" transparency of 30-40 cm, pH value of 7-8, dissolved oxygen not less than 1 milliliter, if the water quality is acidic, you can regularly sprinkle quicklime adjustment.

7. Daily management.

Insist on patrolling the pond in the morning and evening, observe the eating, molting, growth and other activities of shrimp, pay attention to the changes in water quality and water temperature, timely remove the residual bait and sundries in the water, do a good job of patrolling the pond records, and deal with diseases in time.

8. Catch at the right time.

Giant river prawn raised to September when most of the giant river prawns up to 60 kilograms can be caught in batches on the market, in order not to damage the small shrimp, you can use the mesh 30-32 cm of the net to catch the big and stay small, generally more than 200 kg of adult shrimp per mu.