Heraclitus s Dialectical Thought 10

Heraclitus Ephesianism.

Heraclitus (c. 540-480 BC) was the founder of the school of Ephesians and a great representative of the formation of philosophy. Lenin called him "one of the founders of dialectics."

Heraclitus was a difficult philosopher to study and was known even to his contemporaries as "obscurators". He claimed that the beginning was fire, and that all things were born from fire and returned to fire. He believed that all things were "as ever-changing as the burning and extinguishing of fire."

Everything flows, and nothing dwells". His most famous aphorism is that "a man can never step into the same river twice". However, Heraclitus also believed that although change is the only constant of all things, it is not capricious but regular.

He called this law "logos." Therefore, he believed that human wisdom and the laws of world change are one and the same, and only wise people can know "Logos" and speak the truth. So its philosophy is the beginning of the epistemology of ancient Greek philosophy.

Heraclitus also believed that the human body was earth, and that the human soul was pure fire, the most ardent part of the human body. When the soul is damp, the person falls asleep or loses consciousness, and when the soul is completely wet, the person dies; In turn, the driest soul is the wisest.

Hera refers to pure Crete as a legendary philosopher, a representative of the Efes school, whose dialectical ideas are:

1. Heraclitus's theory is based on the doctrine of Pythagoras, which holds that behind opposition and conflict there is a certain degree of harmony;

2. Heraclitus borrowed the concept of Pythagorean harmony and believed that harmony itself was not conspicuous, and that conflict enlivened the world;

3. Heraclitus believed that this orderly universe is the same for all things, and that it was neither created by God nor man;

4. Heraclitus's assertion that fire and all things or comics can be transformed into each other reflects his philosophical obscurity and mysticism.

Heraclitus's dialectical thought is mainly manifested in the following three aspects:

1. He believed that everything is in constant motion and change, and put forward the famous proposition that "man cannot step into the same river twice" to explain it.

2. He saw that the movement and change of things are carried out according to certain laws, and was the first to put forward the idea of "Logos".

3. He sees that the movement and change of things are inseparable from the contradictions and antagonisms that exist in the things themselves; Although he himself did not explicitly put forward the proposition of "unity of opposites", he noticed the phenomenon of the unity of various opposites, and put forward the idea that "struggle is the root of all things". These views made him the founder and founder of the Dialectical Method. 4.

He continued the tradition of the school of Miletus, which believed that the material elements were the origin of all things. He believed that the primordial was the eternal living fire, emphasizing that it itself was a non-stop motion, and that the fire was dissipated and turned into all things, and all things were transformed into fire. In this respect, he took the Miletus school of thought on primordial ideas forward.

Heraclitus's dialectical thought is mainly manifested in the following three aspects:

1. He believed that everything is in constant motion and change, and put forward the famous proposition that "man cannot step into the same river twice" to explain it.

2. He saw that the movement and change of things are carried out according to certain laws, and he was the first to put forward the idea of "Logochelus".

3. He sees that the movement and change of things are inseparable from the contradictions and antagonisms that exist in the things themselves; Although he himself did not explicitly put forward the proposition of "unity of opposites", he noticed the phenomenon of the unity of various opposites, and put forward the idea that "struggle is the root of all things". These views led him to become known as the founder and founder of dialectics. 4.

He inherited the tradition of the school of Miletus, which believed that the qualitative elements of the material chong section were the origin of all things. He believed that the primordial was the eternal living fire, emphasizing that it itself was in constant motion, that fire was transformed into all things, and that all things were transformed into fire. In this respect, he took the Miletus school of thought on primordial ideas forward.

Heraclitus believed that everything is in an eternal generative change, and that generation means a transformation into opposites. He often uses the expression "A is A, A is not A" to highlight dialectics, and uses dialectics to illustrate the complex relationships between things in production.

First, the relationship of transformation refers to the fact that things are constantly transformed into opposites, such as people cannot step into the same river twice. Second, harmonious relations refer to the coexistence of opposing states or opposite natures, resulting in harmony, which is as round as the different colors paint realistic portraits. Third, the same relation, which means that opposites are different aspects of the same thing, such as the beginning and end of a circle.

Fourth, the relative relationship refers to the fact that the nature of things varies according to different judging criteria, such as the most beautiful monkey is also ugly to people. These four relations are the dialectical relations of the unity of opposites.

Parmenides denied the way dialectics was expressed, Plato believed that it only applied to unreliable objects of sensation, Aristotle denied its possibility with the law of contradiction of formal logic, and Heg's Bury Lull considered him the first to bring out dialectics.

1. This orderly universe is the same for all things, it was neither created by God nor by God, it was, is, and will always be an eternal living fire, burning and extinguishing according to a certain scale.

2. People cannot walk into the same river twice.

3. All things are eternally changing, and this change is carried out according to a certain scale and law.

4. The primitive unity is constantly moving and changing, and never stops.

Heraclitus: a philosopher who gave up the throne and lived in seclusion in the mountains and forests, his ideas have influenced the world so far, he is no longer satisfied with cosmological problems such as water, earth, air, and numbers, but explains the world with a new theory of change and rules, and began to pay attention to human social and epistemological problems, the founder of naïve dialectical thought.