Overview and pharmacology of vasodilators, the drugs with the strongest effect on cerebral vasodilat

The more commonly used vasodilator drug niacin, which has the effect of dilating cerebral blood vessels, increasing blood flow, promoting nerve cell metabolism and lowering cholesterol. The usual dosage is 50 100 mg, 3 times a day orally, or 200 300 mg added to 5% glucose 500 ml intravenous infusion, once a day, 7 to 10 days for a course of treatment.

4) Calcium channel blockers, such as cerebral prozine, flucinazine, and nimodipine, can act on the calcium channels on the cell membrane, prevent calcium ions from entering the cell, relieve vascular smooth muscle spasm and play a role in dilating blood vessels. It can selectively act on cerebral blood vessels, increase cerebral blood flow, and improve brain microcirculation. Usual amounts:

Brain prozine 25 50 mg, orally 3 times a day; Flucinazine 8 12 mg once nightly; Nimodipine 20 40 mg orally 3 times a day.

5) Petadine has a strong effect of dilating cerebral blood vessels, improving cerebral blood circulation and increasing cerebral blood flow. In particular, it has a stronger effect on vertebrobasilar artery system dilation. The usual dosage is 4 8 mg, 3 times a day, orally.

6) Sodium bicarbonate can increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood, cause metabolic alkalemia and dilate blood vessels, increase cerebral blood flow, and improve cerebral ischemia. The usual amount of 5% sodium bicarbonate 250 ml intravenous infusion, once a day, 7 to 10 days for 1 course of treatment.

7) Karan tablets can relax vascular smooth muscle, increase cerebral blood flow, reduce blood viscosity and inhibit platelet aggregation. The usual dosage is 5 mg, 3 times a day, orally.

8) Brain pathway has the functions of inhibiting platelet and red blood cell aggregation, reducing capillary permeability and fragility, and improving cerebral circulation. The usual amount is 200 300 mg, 3 times a day, orally, or 400 600 mg added to 5 10% glucose 500 ml intravenous infusion, 1 time a day, 10 15 days for 1 course of treatment.

The specific use of it is still based on the doctor's prescription.

Answer]: B Test Center:

Test site 2: Pharmacological effects of calcium antagonists;

Selectively blocks L-type calcium channels and inhibits Ca2+ influx.

1 myocardium. 1) Negative inotropic effect.

Calcium antagonists can reduce the Ca2+ content in myocardial cells, cause negative inotropic effects, and reduce myocardial oxygen consumption.

2) Negative frequency and negative conduction.

The 0-phase depolarization and 4-phase slow automatic depolarization of slow-reacting cells, such as sinus node and atrioventricular node, are associated with Ca2+ influx. The 0-phase depolarization is related to the hand-guided lead transmission, while the 4-phase automatic depolarization is related to automaticity. Calcium antagonists can inhibit Ca2+ influx in these cases.

It can cause negative frequency and negative conduction, which is manifested as slowing of atrioventricular nodal conduction, prolongation of the refractory period, and loss of reentrant agitation, and is used for ** paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Calcium antagonists can reduce the automaticity of the sinus node and slow the heart rate.

3) Protective effect in the event of myocardial ischemia.

During myocardial ischemia, the inhibition of sodium pump and calcium pump and the enhancement of passive transport of calcium can lead to intracellular calcium accumulation, resulting in calcium overload, which ultimately leads to cardiomyocyte damage. Calcium antagonists can reduce the amount of intracellular calcium and have a protective effect on cardiomyocytes.

2 Blood vessels. Vascular smooth muscle contraction is also regulated by intracellular Ca2+, and calcium antagonist resistance can block Ca2+ influx, significantly dilate blood vessels, and increase coronary flow. Among them, nimodipine and flunarizine still have a strong effect of dilating cerebral blood vessels and increasing cerebral blood flow.

3 Other smooth muscles.

It relaxes bronchial tubes, gastrointestinal tract, ureters, and uterine smooth muscles.

4. Improves blood flow to tissues.

1) Inhibition of platelet aggregation.

2) Increase the deformability of red blood cells, reduce blood viscosity, and thus improve tissue blood flow.

5 Other effects.

1) Anti-atherosclerosis.

2) Inhibition of the action of endocrine glands.

High-dose drugs inhibit the secretion of oxytocin and vasopressin by the posterior pituitary gland and the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone, gonadotropin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone by the anterior pituitary gland. In addition, it can also inhibit the secretion of insulin and aldosterone.

Vascular headache is caused by cerebral vasospasm, which can be caused by a variety of causes. There are long-term stresses or worries in life, as well as other reasons. Look for these first** and then remove. Medication is administered at the same time**.

There is no drug that specifically dilates the cerebral blood vessels, and it is generally to dilate the blood vessels of the whole body at the same time as the cerebral blood vessels, so the vasodilator drugs dilate other blood vessels at the same time and produce ***.

Therefore, it is best to have a drug that can be adjusted to the lesion without affecting the normal area.

There is one such drug that I know of. It's Korean red ginseng. Korean red ginseng is a medicine (the so-called medicine is that there is no toxic effect after taking it, ***, and it can be taken for a long time; The drug has a toxic effect at the same time, so it has to be used as a last resort. It plays a role in improving vitality and enhancing vitality of body cells, and with vitality it has the ability to correct abnormal states and return to normal. As a result, the tense and spasmodic blood vessels are relaxed, and the ischemic brain cells are repaired at the same time.

However, Korean ginseng is also very different depending on the origin, production, and efficacy, and there is also a big difference between Korean ginseng and Northeast ginseng. There is also the traditional way to eat ginseng, which is generally boiled in soup or soaked in wine, which also brings a lot of inconvenience. Now there is a concentrated liquid made by extracting Korean red ginseng from low-temperature and low-pressure alcohol on the Korean market, which is warm (will not get hot) and easy to eat, as long as you take a little water and drink it.

I know that one is "Ichiswa Korean Red Ginseng Concentrate" which is of good quality and medicinal effect, so you might as well give it a try, maybe it will be curative for your disease.