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Over the course of the Earth's long evolution, a total of five mass extinctions have been identified. In other words, there were six generations of overlords on the earth, and because of the five mass extinctions, the first five generations of overlords have withdrawn from the stage of history. The mass extinction here does not mean the extinction of one species, but the extinction of all species of entire families, orders, and classes.
For example, the Fifth Mass Extinction.
time, Cretaceous.
The end of the dinosaur mass extinction.
The entire order Dinosaurs were extinct, and of course many other creatures were also extinct during the same period.
Let's take a closer look at the five mass extinctions.
The first mass extinction – the Ordovician mass extinction. Ordovician life is still inseparable from seawater, at this time, marine invertebrate species flourished, becoming the "first generation of overlords" on the earth, Ordovician was in the Great Ice Age, the temperature changes drastically made 85% of the earth's life extinct.
The Second Mass Extinction – Devonian.
Mass extinction. During the Devonian period, amphibians began to appear on Earth.
and vertebrates, but the largest number is the "second generation overlord" - fish. During this period, there was a magma eruption 30 billion cubic meters in front of it, the effects of which lasted for 2 million years, and nearly 65% of the life was extinct.
The third mass extinction - the Permian mass extinction. The main views of scientists in this mass extinction are the theory of continental drift and natural disasters.
It is said that during this period, the activity of the continental plates was relatively active, and the movement between the plates was relatively intensified, which led to the eruption of ** mountains and **, which led to the third mass extinction.
The fourth mass extinction, the Triassic mass extinction, was the mass extinction 200 million years ago. The overlords of the earth in the Triassic were reptiles.
Archaeologists have analyzed the rock layers where the fossils of the creatures at the end of the Triassic period are located, and found that the humidity of the rock formations in this period was much higher than that of other periods, so scientists speculate that heavy rains were frequent during this period, and this heavy rain, which may have lasted for 1 million years, led to a large lack of oxygen and extinction of organisms. A total of 76% of all living things have disappeared from the face of the earth.
The Fifth Mass Extinction.
Cretaceous dinosaur mass extinction. The mainstream theory given by extinction scholars is that it is related to the impact of meteorites on the earth, which caused sunlight to reach the earth's surface, and many organisms died out in hunger and cold.
In fact, there are still many prehistoric creatures that have survived, such as lampreys.
The appearance time of lampill can be traced back to 30 million years ago, belonging to the class Rotunda and the order Lampreys. The ancestors of horseshoe crabs first appeared in the Devonian period, that is, during the Second Mass Extinction, but they are still alive and have high medicinal value.
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Because of bacterial infections and changes in the ecological environment, the extinction of organisms has been caused, and a lot of remains have been left behind.
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It was extinct because of the weather, and the weather was very cold at that time, and many plants and animals froze to death.
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Because of the impact of the ecological environment and the pollution of the social environment, it eventually leads to the extinction of organisms, which is related to the factors of social development.
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The geological age of 100 million years ago is not the Paleozoic, but the Triassic of the Mesozoic Era. The Paleozoic Era dates from about 100 million to 100 million years ago.
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2.5 billion years ago, there were only single-celled organisms.
According to current research, the earliest life on Earth arose about 3,536 billion years ago, possibly as early as 3.8 billion years ago. From that time until about 500 million years ago, the earth was full of single-celled organisms.
However, 2.5 billion years ago, single-celled organisms had evolved differentially between function and nutrition, and some single-celled organisms evolved the ability to photosynthesize and become organisms similar to the current cyanobacteria, bringing oxygen to the earth's atmosphere. Others evolved the ability to devour and became the ancestors of all subsequent animals.
In the shallow sea and intertidal zone at that time, there were many such groups, with a layer of photosynthetic organisms on the surface and a layer of chemoheterotrophs below.
After the death of the organisms below, a new layer of new organisms will appear on top, and in this way, they are piled up layer by layer, forming the fossils of early organisms that are almost all over the world today, called stromatolites.
Stromatolites flourished between 2.8 billion and 100 million years ago, and then gradually declined due to the emergence of multicellular organisms.
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Five First Mass Extinctions: The Ordovician Mass Extinction.
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Five times. The First Mass Extinction:
Event: Caused the extinction of approximately 80% of the species.
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The most famous is the Cretaceous.
At the end of the Cretaceous period, the dinosaurs went extinct.
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For example, it takes 8 minutes for the light from the sun to reach our earth, and the light I see now actually came out of the sun 8 minutes ago, in other words, the sun I see is the sun 8 minutes ago, and the same is true for other galaxies. If we look at tens of billions of light-years away from us (the time it takes for light to travel in a year, in units of distance), and the light that enters our eyes also takes tens of billions of years to enter our eyes, at this time, we see the past.