How to protect natural enemies of pests? How to use natural enemy insects

If we have enough understanding of the habits and occurrence rules of natural enemies, and can give appropriate protection, eliminate unfavorable factors, create suitable environmental conditions, and reduce or avoid harm to natural enemies, the number of natural enemies will increase, and the amount of insect eating will also increase accordingly, and the occurrence of pests can be controlled to varying degrees. To protect local natural enemy insects, corresponding protection measures should be formulated according to the environmental factors that have the greatest impact on them. At present, the environmental factor that has the greatest impact on natural enemies is the irrational use of pesticides.

Therefore, the rational use of chemical pesticides and the coordinated application of chemical control and biological control are important measures to protect local natural enemy insects.

1) When choosing the type of agent, choose chemical pesticides that cause light damage to natural enemies and insects. Generally, insecticides with a short effective period, small residual toxicity or systemic effect have less impact on natural enemies.

2) Select the concentration that has a certain control effect on pests and has no great effect on natural enemies, which is called effective low concentration. The choice of effective low-concentration pesticide application can not only protect natural enemies, but also save pesticides and reduce pollution.

3) Select the appropriate period of pesticide application through field investigation to grasp the situation of pests and natural enemies, and choose the period when the pests are effective and the damage to beneficial insects is small.

4) The selection of appropriate application methods to prevent poisoning of natural enemy insects depends to a large extent on the application methods. Generally, poisonous baits are the safest against natural enemy insects; Seed treatment, soil application, trunk dressing, stem coating, sprinkling of toxic soil or granules, etc., can avoid or reduce adverse effects on natural enemies; Spraying is safer than dusting.

The natural enemies of pests in the orchard are mainly predatory ladybugs, lacewings, thrips, aphid-eating flies, predatory mites, microfloral bugs, spiders, birds, etc. Protecting natural enemies can restore the ecological balance in the orchard and achieve sustainable pest control.

Conservation of plant diversity in orchards and promotion of cultivation practices for natural grass management. This not only increases the habitat environment of natural enemies, but also ensures the ecological environment for natural enemies to live and reproduce in the orchard due to the increase in the diversity of insects (mostly neutral insects) in the park, and increases the living time and population of natural enemies in the garden.

Orchard planting. Planting beneficial grass seeds between the rows of fruit trees, pests on the grass also provide good food for the survival of natural predators**.

Clearing the garden and exterminating insects. In autumn and winter, combined with cleaning the field, the insect residues and fallen leaves can be placed in a net bag to protect parasitic wasps; In some cases, bark scraping can be carried out until early spring before the fruit trees bud to protect themselves by taking advantage of the fact that some natural predators precede pest activity.

Natural enemies exterminate insects. In the early stage of fruit tree growth (before June), spray as little or no broad-spectrum insecticide as possible. In the early stage of fruit tree growth, predatory natural enemies such as bugs, lacewings, ladybugs, thrips, and spiders were the most. After July, predatory mites became the main natural enemy group in orchards, inhibiting the occurrence of aphids, pests and some leaf-eating pests.

Scientific and rational use of medicines. Try to use selective or low-toxicity pesticide varieties, and pay attention to the use of methods with less impact on natural enemies and the environment when applying, such as target spraying, spot medicine, etc.

The methods of using natural enemy insects include the protection and utilization of natural enemy insects, the selection of agents with a small number of natural enemy shadows, and the reproduction and release of natural enemy insects.

1. Protection and utilization of natural enemy insects: The protection of natural enemy insects is mainly by changing the field microclimate, providing supplementary hosts for natural enemy insects, ensuring that natural enemy insects have enough nutritious food, reducing their mortality rate, increasing the parasitic rate, and increasing the number of natural enemy insects in the field. The rational application of pesticides is to avoid the killing effect of chemical agents on natural enemies and insects.

2. The specific method can be to choose agents that have less impact on the enemy of the high grip, and try to use as little as possible the broad-spectrum pesticides with strong toxicity, long residual effect and wide insecticidal range; Choose to apply pesticides when they are most effective against pests and safest against natural enemies; Choose the appropriate concentration of the agent so that it only kills insects and does not harm natural enemies.

3. Reproduction and release of natural enemy insects: use artificial methods to reproduce and release natural enemy insects in large quantities to make up for the lack of natural enemies in nature, and promote the inhibition of natural enemies before a large number of pests occur.

The most important thing for the reproduction and release of natural enemy insects is to obtain effective natural enemy insects to establish a local population, so as to achieve the effect of continuous control of pests. Artificial propagation and the release of natural enemy insects need to be considered in many ways. The most critical of these is the selection of suitable hosts, as well as the period, method and number of releases; the method of preservation before release; breeding and feeding to prevent the degradation of vitality; Feeding methods are economical and simple.

Classification:

The parasitic species of the class Insecta account for about 28% of the total number of species, and the predatory species account for 28%. Studies have shown that in the forest area under the jurisdiction of the Dadongshan Management Office of Nanling National Nature Reserve in Guangzhou for many years, predatory insects include 71 species of dragonflies in 11 families, 9 species in 2 families of praying mantis, 40 species in 11 families of Hemiptera, 75 species in 8 families of Coleoptera, 2 species in 1 family of Macroptera, 14 species in 4 families of Veloptera, 1 species of 1 family of Longptera, 15 species of 2 families of Diptera, and more than 40 species of 11 families of Hymenoptera. These insects have a variety of habitat habits, a wide variety of predatory objects, and different predation capabilities.

Swallows, woodpeckers, frogs, seven-star ladybugs, red-eyed bees, dragonflies, bats, praying mantis can all eat pests. There are also some beneficial microorganisms that can kill pests. Such as avermectin, thuringibacillus, etc.

1. Swallows: They feed on insects, and they have always been accustomed to preying on flying insects in the air, and are not good at searching for insect food in tree crevices and crevices, nor can they omnivorous berries, seeds and leaves in winter like oak grouse and ptarmigans (some coniferous species do not lose their leaves even in winter).

2. Frog: love to eat small insects, good at finding small insects that move, its action when catching insects: a frog lying in a small dirt pit, hind legs curled up on the ground, front legs support, mouth open and face up, belly bulging waiting for something.

3. The seven-star ladybug tremble:

4. Red-eyed bees:

As an egg parasitic wasp, it can parasitize the eggs of lepidopteran pests such as corn borer, armyworm, stripe borer, cotton bollworm, Spodoptera litura, and ground tiger in corn fields. Red-eyed bees are a very useful type of insects.

5. Dragonfly: Hunting flying insects in flight. Mosquitoes and other insects that are harmful to humans, but they have a wide range of eating habits, so they cannot be relied on to control a certain insect pest. No more than 5,000 species are known.

Methods of pest control: agricultural control, sunlight exposure, black light trapping, biological control, chemical control.

1. Agricultural prevention and control

Pest control can adopt the method of agricultural control, crop rotation when planting crops, disinfection and sterilization of the soil in advance, the use of well-rotted organic fertilizer, and reasonable fertilization to improve the disease and insect resistance of plants. Scientific management during cultivation and the selection of suitable planting methods can promote the healthy growth of plants and reduce the possibility of contracting pests and diseases.

2. Sun exposure

The sunlight is relatively strong, which can have a strong sterilization effect and remove pests and diseases, so it can play a role in prevention and control through sun exposure.

3. Black light booby-trap

A black light lamp is a special gas discharge lamp that emits invisible ultraviolet rays and is able to kill agricultural pests.

4. Biological control

Plant pests and diseases can also be biological control, mainly used for biological control of organisms there are three categories, one is predatory organisms, such as lacewings, ladybugs, walking insects, etc., the second is parasitic organisms, such as parasitic stool bees, parasitic flies, etc., and the third is pathogenic microorganisms, such as Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana, etc.

5. Chemical control

You can choose to spray or irrigate with rough bends, and you can choose insecticides, acaricides, fungicides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, rodenticides, nematicides, molluscides, etc., depending on the situation.

Dichlorvos is a fast-acting, broad-spectrum phosphate insecticide. It has medium toxicity to higher animals, strong volatility, and is easy to enter the body of higher animals through the respiratory tract or **. Toxic to fish and bees.

It has a strong fumigation effect on pests and leaf mites, as well as stomach poisoning and contact killing effects. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, quick effect, short duration and no residue.

It can be sprayed with emulsifiable concentrate to spray pests, mites, and airtight for 3 4 days and then ventilate and disperse, and the effect is better when the temperature is high. The liquid medicine is sprayed on the wall of the cotton silo for fumigation, which can control rice brown planthopper and cotton red bollworm. Fumigation of poisonous soil or chaff in the field can control armyworms.

Spraying of liquid medicine can control hidden pests such as rice leaf rollers.

Dichlorvos can be quickly decomposed after application, with a short period of effect and no residue, and can be applied in a short period before the harvest of crops to prevent and control pests of stinging and sucking mouthparts and chewing mouthparts, so it is suitable for apples, pears, grapes and other fruit trees and vegetables, mushrooms, tea trees, mulberries, tobacco, and the prohibition period before harvest is generally about 7 days. It is easy to cause pesticide damage to sorghum and corn, and melons and beans are also sensitive, so attention should be paid to when using them.

Frogs are natural enemies of moths and grasshoppers.

Bats are natural enemies of mosquitoes and flies.

Owls are natural enemies of voles.

Weasels are natural enemies of voles.

Snakes are natural enemies of rats.

Dragonflies are natural enemies of mosquitoes.

Swallows are natural enemies of flying insect pests such as flies and mosquitoes.

1. Physical methods: such as fly swatting to kill mosquitoes, sticky fly paper to catch flies, light trapping mosquitoes and flies, sticky cockroach paper to catch cockroaches, boiling water to irrigate crevices to kill cockroaches, etc.;

2. Biological control: insect treatment (natural enemies), pathogenic microorganisms (such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, etc.), insect hormones;

3. Genetic control: the sterile insects are released into the environment, and the sterile insects mate with wild insects to produce sterile eggs.

4. Regulatory control: force people to take certain pest control measures in the form of laws or regulations.

Hello, the problem is not to use pesticides, I understand that it should mean not to use chemical pesticides, then the problem should also be for pests! If we really talk about diseases, we should consider the disease cycle, block the pathogens (contact and incubation control), cut off the vectors of transmission (including insect vectors, control the poisonous pests of the stinging and sucking mouthparts), and strengthen the management of plant cultivation (enhance the plant's autoimmune function and resistance).

The words of the pest are as follows:

Biological control methods can be used: pheromones interfere with the normal behavior of pests (breeding, feeding, etc.), sexual attractants to trap and kill insects, parasitic bees to parasitize pests to kill pests, natural plant-derived toxins to kill insects, etc.

There are also physical prevention and control in general: manual killing, hanging yellow plates, killing traps, electric shock and heat shock, etc.

There is also a category of quarantine pests and diseases: phytosanitary is the most direct control method.

Under the specific guidance of the guidelines for comprehensive prevention and control, improve the technical application of chemical fertilizers, so that chemical control and pest control can be better integrated. In fact, disease is a general term for pests and pests.

Generally, after encountering a disease, farmers can spray pesticides. It is true that spraying pesticides can remove most diseases, but it can also make some pests resistant. Therefore, fertilizer production and manufacturing units must continue to develop and design newer, new recipes and new amounts of chemical fertilizers to solve diseases.

However, nowadays, everyone pays more attention to physical and mental health, and in the case of choosing vegetables and fruits and fresh fruits, they tend to choose emerald green and environmentally friendly, because everyone is worried that eating vegetables and fruits sprayed with chemical fertilizers will directly affect their physical and mental health. So are there any green and ecological ways to prevent pests and diseases?

1. The distance between the toxic types of chemical fertilizers on insect pest nemesis is very large, and appropriate drug types or preparations should be used to reduce the damage to key pest nemesis.

2. Select the appropriate spraying stage to bypass the special prevention period of the nemesis against the drug.

3. Improve the spraying method, save a small amount of insect pests as the pellet feed or host of the nemesis, and flexibly use the natural manipulation energy of the nemesis to the pests, such as strip spraying, spot prevention, small dose (or lower concentration) medication, etc.

4. Master the type, distribution and total number of nemesis in the field, and the living habits, and give a basis for safe drug use.

The toxicity of chemical fertilizers to insect pest busters is very far apart, and appropriate drug types or preparations should be used to reduce the damage to key pest busters.

Choose a moderate spraying stage to bypass the nemesis' special prevention period against drugs.

Improve the spraying method, save a small amount of insect pests as a pellet feed or host for the nemesis, and flexibly use the natural manipulation energy of the nemesis to the pests, such as strip spraying, spot prophylaxis, small doses (or lower concentrations) of pesticides, etc.

Grasp the type, distribution and total number of nemesis in the field, and the living habits, and give a basis for safe drug use.

Choose more targeted insecticides according to different pests; The number of birds is to understand the species, distribution and number of pests, living habits, and choose the right time to spray the drug.

When you use it, you can observe more places where the pests are infested, and you can apply pesticides in the places where there are more pests, so as to prevent the natural enemies of the pests.