How to deal with underground insect pests when planting peanuts in a large area?

The area of planting peanuts has a gradual increasing trend, the neighbors planted an acre of summer peanuts this year, we also say wheat stubble peanuts, the peanuts have just emerged shortly, but the field has underground pests, resulting in some peanut seedlings yellowing, due to the beginning of the harm, has not yet appeared dry phenomenon, if not timely prevention, peanuts are more damaged.

Continue to look at the picture above, another method of applicationPesticides and fertilizers are applied together in furrows into the fieldsThis method of applying pesticides, on the one hand, top dressing for peanuts, supplementing nutrition, on the other hand, insecticides together with furrow application, played the purpose of preventing and controlling underground pests, in addition to furrow application, some farmers will be sprinkled before the rain, convenient and trouble-free, but the utilization rate of fertilizer and the effect of pesticides, will suffer some losses.

As a common underground pest, grubs not only harm peanuts, but also other crops, which can lead to reduced yields and severe cases, which may directly fail to harvest, so how to prevent it is particularly important.

For grubs, Lao Gao suggested that everyone should focus on prevention, because once it happens, although it can be prevented, the harm has been formed, and if the prevention and control is timely, the harm caused is relatively small, but the light and heavy of the reduction in production.

If you have observed the peanut field planted in heavy cropping, you can find the following phenomena:

1. The growth of peanut seedlings is relatively thin, that is, the seedlings we call weak, small and yellow.

2. Pests and diseases are increasing, and the occurrence is serious, and it is not easy to prevent and control.

3. There are few peanut fruits, small fruits, many grains, poor quality, and the yield decreases with the longer the stubble years.

This year, when Lao Gao chatted with some peanut growers, he encountered such a phenomenon, a farmer who planted peanuts in a neighboring village, planted peanuts all year round on a piece of land, and the occurrence of underground pests and grubs was particularly serious, and the prevention of seed dressing before sowing, as well as the effect of root irrigation after the occurrence was not good, the peanut fruit was reduced, and there were a lot of insect eyes, and finally the yield of one acre of land was less than 100 catties, basically in the middle of the harvest, not enough to cost money.

Jujiao peanut seed dressing is a suspension seed coating compound composed of chlorpyrifos imported with difenoconazole and imported additives, which has the effects of systemic absorption, contact killing and repellent. It is mainly used to kill underground pests such as grubs, sucking insects, mole crickets, needleworms, maggots, etc., and protect crops from aphids throughout the growth period. And to prevent smut, total erosion, powdery mildew, rust and silk smut, rough shrinkage disease and other diseases.

It can effectively protect peanuts from underground pests such as aphids.

First, it is peanut seed dressing and reasonable crop rotation. There are two main types of pesticides for peanut seed dressing, imidaclopat and chlorpyrifos. Imidacoxamine is to avoid pests, you can use 500 grams of 10 to 15 kilograms of peanut seeds, the effect is longer, a seed dressing, no insects in the whole season.

Chlorpyrifos kills pests directly, and because it has a long-lasting effect and no systemic properties, it can effectively kill pests without residue. Second, biological control and artificial control. Taking advantage of the phototaxis of pests, we can trap insects by light between 8 and 10 p.m.

In the pest occurrence period, fresh elm branches can be soaked in 40% oxidized dimethoate or 90% crystal trichlorfon for ten hours, and inserted in the peanut field, which can effectively trap and kill insects.

If you encounter underground insects, you need to apply pesticides, otherwise the peanuts will be eaten by underground insects.

When planting peanuts, the most important thing to pay attention to is that the most common pest and disease is called flower rust. The disease can be treated with spraying drugs. The following is a detailed description of four aspects.

1. Pathogenesis of flower rust.

The essence of flower rust is a fungal infection. The name of the fungus is erythase bacteria. This fungus is widely present in the soil and can easily infect peanuts, sweet potatoes and other crops that grow underground, and gibberella is the main pest and disease that causes peanut death.

If the scab is left unchecked, peanut yields will be reduced by at least 20 percent, and at most 50 percent. It's terrifying. The active temperature of gibberella is between 18 and 26 degrees.

Temperatures that are too high or too low can reduce the activity of gibberella. Gibberella infects peanuts by the appearance of pinpoint-like white spots on the leaves, and then the white spots will gradually expand until they expand to the whole leaf, and the whole leaf will appear white. This leads to the death of the peanut strain.

2. The onset season of flower rust.

Because the essence of flower rust is a fungal infection, it is a kind of living organism, so it can be affected by various conditions, the most important condition is temperature. Whether the temperature is too high or too low, it will affect the activity of enzymes in the cells of Gibberella, which will affect the activity of Gibberella. Therefore, in the cold season of winter and early spring, peanuts are basically not affected by gibberella.

In addition, in the middle of summer and early autumn, when the temperature is very high, the activity of gibberella will also be reduced, so peanuts will not be affected by scab. The peak of the outbreak of gibberella is in spring and autumn, and at this time, we should do a good job of preventing flower rust.

3. Prevention and prevention of flower rust.

The most common prevention and best way to prevent flower rust is to spray Bordeaux liquid, which is the most common and preferred antimicrobial agent because it is cheap and has a wide spectrum of antibacterial. Farmers generally spray peanuts with Bordeaux liquid twice in spring and autumn to prevent gibberella. If left unprevented, gibberellosis is almost 100% of the disease.

4. Food safety about flower rust.

As mentioned above, pesticide spraying is necessary in order to prevent and control flower rust. It reminds us that when eating peanuts, we must rinse them and eat them, and remember not to wipe them and eat them.

The above elaborates the mechanisms and control methods of the most common pests and diseases from the perspectives of pathogenesis, prevention and food safety.

First of all, we should pay attention to the temperature of planting, and then we should pay attention to controlling the fertility of the soil, and we should also spray pesticides in time, and we should water and fertilize in time, the more common pests and diseases are brown spot, stripe virus disease, anthracnose, yellow mosaic virus disease, bacterial wilt and so on.

Leaf spot, bacterial wilt, rust, yellow mosaic disease, brown streak, these are all things that need to be paid attention to, which can be solved by pesticides, or physical control work can be carried out in advance, and suitable varieties can be selected for planting.

White silk disease, leaf spot, bacterial wilt, brown streak, stem rot, to choose excellent varieties for planting, but also to remove bacteria in the soil in advance, to spray pesticides regularly, to choose targeted pesticides.

According to relevant calculations, the ratio of peanuts to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 5:1:3, peanuts are still one of the crops that need more calcium, calcium fertilizer is particularly important for peanuts, the lack of calcium element of peanuts empty fruit rate and fruit, single kernel fruit increased significantly, lack of calcium peanut root vitality decreased because of plastic film covering, inconvenient fertilization.

In addition, peanuts grow on roots under the soil, and fertilization will affect their rooting results. Fertilization is generally applied when planting peanuts. Pests and diseases are mainly used to control the big tooth worm, which will eat the newly grown red fire insecticidal fertilizer peanut special type to add calcium to the nutritional needs of peanuts.

Sulfur, molybdenum and other medium and trace elements can effectively ensure that peanuts do not defertilize during the growth period. No seed dressing, effective control of peanut mole crickets, grubs, needleworms, ground tigers and other underground pests and aphids, and.

<> planting peanuts, there are three common diseases: one is pathogenic diseases, mainly stem rot, leaf spot, yellow mosaic leaf disease, bacterial wilt, brown streak, rust, etc.; The second category is parasitic diseases, mainly root-knot nematode disease; Three types of external factor diseases, the main prevention and control methods: stem rot is mainly based on seed fungus, continuous cropping is serious, so a reasonable rotation should be implemented, seeds should be fully dried before storage, before sowing to carry out drying, seed selection, do not use mildew, poor quality seeds, do a good job of seed disinfection, with 50 carbendazim.

There are more than a dozen kinds of black spot, stem rot, anthracnose, brown spot, white silk disease, root rot, leaf spot, virus disease, bacterial wilt, rust, rot seeds, and blight. After peanuts are infected with bacterial wilt, milky white pus will appear in the rhizome part, and the leaves will wilt, but the color will remain green, and the high temperature and high humidity weather will be more conducive to the occurrence and infection of bacterial wilt. Control of aphids:

On the one hand, it can be mulched according to the amount of 3 carbofuran granules per mu when sowing peanuts, and on the other hand, 3000 times of 10 imidacloprid, 1000 times of 40 chlorpyrifos, and 1000 times of pine borer can be used in the early stage of the disease.

Peanut root rot, peanut rust, peanut stem rot. Control methods: Stem rot is mainly caused by seed bacteria.

Continuous cropping is seriously ill, and early sowing is seriously ill. Therefore, a reasonable rotation should be carried out. Seeds should be well dried before storage.

Seeds should be dried and picked before sowing. Seeds that are free of mildew and of poor quality should be sterilized. Seeds are mixed with 50% carbendazim by seed amount.

Leaf spot, cotton bollworm, aphid.

Agricultural control. After the peanut is harvested, the diseased residues in the field should be removed, and the ploughing should be carried out in time, and the seriously diseased plots should be rotated with gramineous crops for 2-3 years; Choose insect-resistant varieties and plant them in a reasonable manner.

Pests and diseases include: bacterial diseases, including stem rot, leaf spot, rust, etc.; There is also root-knot nematode disease, and finally there is the disease of external factors. The preventive measures are proper fertilization, reasonable hydration, and timely use of medicine, so as to increase production and income.

Each acre of land is about 1,000 catties for farmers. Dig through the machine deeply.

Using a machine to break up the soil in the field and leveling it is using a machine to plow the field into a mound. The distance between Shangqiu and Shangqiu is about 30cm. Shangqiu is about 40cm wide.

Each Shangqiu has a variety of peanuts. Then spread the film. Both sides of the film are covered with soil.

In the medium term, fertilization per mu, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer is about 30 kg. In case of drought, timely irrigation, lack of water will make the peanut particles not full, reducing the yield.

Peanut pests include red spiders, aphids and underground pests. The preferred drug for red spiders and aphids is 150-200 times 70% barium polysulfide wettable powder; It can also be used for timely prevention and control of dimethoate, imidacloprid and pyrethroid pesticides (such as Lefuling), and the specific application method should be applied in strict accordance with the instructions. Underground pests can be mixed with 1 kg of 50% phoxanthion EC and 50 kg of water, mixed with 300 kg of dry soil, and 15 kg of poisoned soil per mu during sowing.

Aphids, leafhoppers, thrips, these are common pests and diseases of peanuts, which have a great impact on peanuts.

Rust, leaf spot, root rot, stem rot, and some yellow leaf diseases, mottled diseases, in short, can affect the overall yield of peanuts.

1. Peanut brown spot disease, crop rotation stubble: the host of peanut leaf spot disease is relatively single, only infects peanuts, and rotates with other crops, so that the pathogen can not get a suitable host, which can reduce the damage and effectively control the occurrence of the disease. The crop rotation cycle is more than 2 years.

Prevention and control methods: After the peanut is harvested, the diseased leaves in the field should be removed in time, and when the manure made of diseased plants is used, it should be fully decomposed before being used to reduce the source of disease. 2. Peanut virus disease, peanut virus disease, in addition to bud blight, which is mainly transmitted by thrips, other diseases such as light mottle disease, yellow mosaic disease, and common mosaic disease are transmitted through seeds and aphids, and the main primary infection source of these diseases is the disease-borne potato.

Control methods: use non-toxic or low-toxicity seeds to eliminate or reduce the source of primary infection. Non-toxic seeds can be obtained by isolating and propagating them.

After peanuts emerge and before flowering, aphids, leaf mites and other stinging and sucking mouthparts pests. The underground pests of peanuts mainly include grubs, mole crickets, needleworms, ground tigers, etc. Underground pests are the main pests that affect peanut germination, fruit set, pod setting, yield and quality.

Before planting peanuts, the first thing to do is to make preparations, remove the turf on the planting ground, collect the turf after being exposed to the sun, and then spread soil on top of the turf, light it on fire, and call it "fire ash" in the local dialect. Therefore, underground pests have become a major obstacle to the high and stable yield of peanuts. According to the survey of Xinxiang Plant Protection Station, the main types of underground pests of peanuts are grubs, mole crickets, needleworms, and new black ground bead scales.

At the same time of insecticide, we should pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases, that is, the seed dressing agent must have excellent fungicides, and it is best to add special seed dressing fertilizer.

It is necessary to purchase the most efficient and economical peanut seed dressing from agricultural material stores; Before sowing, farmers should mix seeds evenly, which can effectively prevent and reduce the harm of underground pests and soil-borne diseases to peanut seeds and growth, and effectively increase the stress resistance of peanut plant growth"Low concentration of poison (agent), high efficiency effect". When purchasing, you must go to the entire agricultural material store, so that it is a formal channel, which can well ensure the effectiveness of the seed dressing, which is a foundation. Try to use a special peanut seed dressing machine, and stir carefully to avoid peeling and crushing of peanut seeds.

Seed dressing should be even, so that each peanut seed can be coated. After mixing, find a cool and ventilated place to spread out and dry evenly, and handle it gently during the operation.

<> kinds of peanuts are generally dressed, and imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, dinotefuran and other pests are controlled. At present, there are many peanut fertilizers, such as chlorpyrifos peanut fertilizers of Henan Vision. Peanut has a relatively high demand for geological soil, so it is advisable to choose sandy loam land with relatively flat terrain and strong drainage ability in peanut planting.

Choose the right recipe for the seed dressing. At present, there are a variety of peanut seed dressing on the market, and a formula of high-efficiency and low-cost peanut seed dressing is recommended for growers, which can not only control underground pests but also aphids at the seedling stage, and at the same time prevent dead seedlings and rotten roots. The best principle of seed dressing is "low concentration of poison (agent), high efficiency".

When purchasing, you must go to the entire agricultural material store, so that it is a formal channel, which can well ensure the effectiveness of the seed dressing, which is a foundation.