The correct way to use organic fertilizer can be applied directly to the surface of the soil?

1.Fertilize according to soil fertility.

Soil fertility is the ability of the soil to supply different quantities and proportions of nutrients in crops and adapt to crop growth. It includes soil available nutrients**, soil aeration, soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and the number of soil microorganisms, among others. The level of soil fertility directly determines the level of crop yield.

First, determine the appropriate target yield based on soil fertility. Based on soil fertility and target yield, the amount of fertilizer to be applied is determined. For high-fertility plots, the soil has a strong fertilizer capacity, appropriately reduce the proportion of basal fertilizer in the whole growth period, and increase the later stage.

top dressing ratio; For low fertility soils, where the amount of nutrients provided by the soil is small, the amount of base fertilizer should be increased. Reasonable topdressing in the later stage. In particular, the amount of organic fertilizer in the base fertilizer of low-fertility plots should be increased, which provides the nutrients needed for the growth of crops in the current season, and the soil should be fertilized.

2.Fertilize according to the texture of the soil.

Different fertilization schemes should be adopted according to the nutrient release, transformation performance and soil fertilizer retention capacity of organic fertilizer in different textures of soil. The sandy soil has low fertility, low content of organic matter and various nutrients, poor soil water retention capacity, and easy loss of nutrients. However, the sandy soil has good permeability, fast decomposition of organic matter, and fast nutrient supply.

Organic fertilizer should be added to sandy soil, increase the content of soil organic matter, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and enhance the fertilizer and water retention performance. However, the amount of organic fertilizer can not be used too much at one time, too much is easy to burn seedlings, and it is easy to lose, and the organic fertilizer with high nutrient content is divided into base fertilizer and multiple top dressing. It can also be deeply applied a large number of decomposed straw and coarse organic fertilizer with low nutrient content and slow nutrient release.

Clay soil has good fertilizer and water retention properties, and nutrients are not easy to be lost. However, the soil fertilizer is slow, and the soil is dense and permeable, and the organic components in the soil are decomposed slowly, and the organic fertilizer applied to the clay soil must be decomposed; Clay soil nutrients are slow, and organic fertilizer should be applied early, close to the roots of crops. Water scarcity in dryland hinders the migration of nutrients from soil solution to the root surface, affecting the uptake and utilization of nutrients by crops.

A large amount of organic fertilizer should be applied to increase the soil aggregate structure, improve soil permeability, and enhance soil water storage and water retention capacity.

Apply to the surface and then spin into the soil.

<> complete guide to organic fertilization methods.

Basal fertilizer (base fertilizer) application.

Basal fertilizer, generally called base fertilizer, is a fertilizer that is applied before sowing or transplanting. When ploughing, the organic manure is evenly applied, and the fertilizer is turned into the soil with the ploughing, this method is simple, easy to operate, can play a good purpose of improving the soil, but in its uniform application to the soil, can not all or even most of the contact with the root system and be utilized by the root system, therefore, the fertilizer utilization rate is bound to cause excess waste, bring certain economic losses, and secondly, it is easy to produce soil obstacles. Therefore, this method is more suitable for planting crops with higher densities.

Top dressing application. There are two methods of topdressing for organic fertilizer: deep soil application and extra-root topdressing. Deep soil application generally applies organic fertilizer near the dense layer of the root system, and covers the soil after application to avoid the loss of nutrient volatilization.

Extra-root topdressing is to mix the compost with 10 times the water evenly, take its supernatant after standing, and spray the fertilizer solution on the foliar surface of the crop with the help of a sprayer for foliar absorption.

It is used as seed fertilizer. There are many ways to use seed fertilizer, such as seed dressing, soaking, strip application, hole application, etc. Seed dressing is a method of dissolving or diluting fertilizer with a small amount of water, spraying on the surface of seeds, and mixing while spraying, so that the fertilizer solution is evenly stained on the surface of the seeds, and sown after drying.

Soaking is to dissolve or dilute the fertilizer solution into a certain concentration of solution, according to the ratio of 1:10 of the liquid seed, put the seeds into the solution and soak for 12 24h, so that the fertilizer solution penetrates into the seed coat with water, and then sows after drying. After ditching or digging holes, fertilizer is applied into the ditch and hole of 3 5cm of the cultivated layer, and then sown near the fertilizer belt, and the distance between the fertilizer is kept above 3cm.

Used as seed fertilizer, fertilizer requires the release of nutrients to be fast, can not be too acidic, too alkaline, the fertilizer itself has no toxic effect on seed germination, and the organic fertilizer that is fully decomposed after composting is a good seed fertilizer.

Used as seedling fertilizer.

Fully decomposed organic fertilizer, evenly released, comprehensive nutrients, is an ideal fertilizer for seedlings. Generally, 10% fermented organic fertilizer with sufficient fermentation is added to a certain amount of peat, fly stone or perlite, and the soil is mixed evenly to make seedling substrate.

Full-layer fertilization and concentrated fertilization of organic fertilizer.

Full-layer application is to sprinkle organic fertilizer all over the surface, and apply organic fertilizer into the whole soil layer through cultivated land, this fertilization method can be applied in the case of more organic fertilizer (4000 6000kg per mu) or crop density. Concentrated application into the soil is to apply compost near the root system of crops by ditching, and this fertilization method is worth using when there is less fertilizer (1500 3000 kg per mu) and soil fertility is relatively low.

(1) Advance fertilization of organic fertilizer is a long-acting fertilizer, and nutrients can be released slowly under the combined action of water and temperature. Accordingly, fertilization should be applied in advance. Generally, after about 7 days of high-quality organic fertilizer in summer, 8 12 days of fertilizer in autumn, and 15 to 20 days of fertilizer in winter and spring, organic fertilizer begins to release nutrients.

According to this phenomenon, the planting time of seedlings should be combined with the application time of fertilizer, so that the organic combination of fertilizer release nutrients and root absorption can maximize fertilizer efficiency.

2) Concentrated fertilization, if the seedlings are pulled late in the previous stubble, the top dressing of the later stubble can be applied in holes or strips, and the fertilizer and soil are fully stirred evenly, and then the planting can also improve the fertilizer efficiency.

3) livestock and poultry manure is a high-quality organic fertilizer, but it contains a lot of uric acid, easy to burn roots, burn seedlings, smoke leaves, etc., and contain a large number of nematode eggs, mold, etc., if the manure is not rotted, it is easy to cause great damage to the plant, thereby reducing the yield a lot, so it is necessary to eliminate the use of raw manure.

The application of organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed, and raw fertilizer should not be applied. Fertilization depends on the growth and the dosage. Namely:

Apply more to yellow thinness, more before germination, more application to pregnant buds, and more application after flowering; Less fertilization, less germination, less flowering, and less in the rainy season; Do not apply for new planting, do not apply in the summer, do not apply for longevity, and do not apply for dormancy.

There are three taboos for potted flower fertilization: one taboo thick fertilizer, two taboo hot fertilizer (high soil temperature at noon in summer, fertilization is easy to hurt the roots), three taboo sitting on fertilizer (that is, when planting flowers, apply base fertilizer at the bottom of the pot, do not put the roots directly on the fertilizer, but add a layer of soil to the fertilizer, and then plant the flowers into the pot). In addition, it is important to loosen the soil before fertilization, as the compacted topsoil will affect the penetration of fertilizer into the soil and the absorption of the roots.

1. The long-term effect of commercial organic fertilizer cannot replace the rapidity of chemical fertilizer, and it must be applied according to different crops and soils, and then combined with urea, formula fertilizer, etc., in order to achieve the best effect.

2. The application method of commercial organic fertilizer is generally used as base fertilizer and seed fertilizer, and the fertilizer is evenly sprinkled before the crop is planted, and the fertilizer is turned into the soil or brought in before sowing with the fertilizer fertilizer, and attention should be paid to preventing the phenomenon of burning seedlings in the concentrated application of fertilizer.

3. When commercial organic fertilizer is used as top dressing, it must be watered in time.

4. When commercial organic fertilizer is used on dryland crops in the high temperature season, attention must be paid to appropriately reducing the amount of application to prevent the phenomenon of seedling burning.

5. Pay attention to the pH value (pH value) of commercial organic fertilizer, and pay attention to its adaptability and application amount in different soil environments.

It is not recommended to apply directly to the soil, the nutrient content of organic fertilizer is high, and the direct use of soil will cause the phenomenon of burning roots and seedlings, and will also cause waste of organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer can generally be used as base fertilizer, about 1500 kg per mu can be used, applied into the soil and shallowly turned before sowing or transplanting, or using strip application, hole application and other methods to balance and make trouble.

It is good to use organic fertilizer to improve the soil, and it is also very good for crops.

In addition to enhancing soil fertility, organic fertilizer and farmhouse fertilizer have the biggest advantage of improving soil activity and increasing soil organic matter content and water content. In order to achieve the purpose of increasing production!

It will greatly improve the soil quality, and the effect of the bumper harvest of bio-organic fertilizer is very good, which contains biocontrol flora, nutrient growth-promoting flora and high-quality organic carbon source material.

Excessive application of organic fertilizer will also cause the same harm as excessive application of chemical fertilizer, which is manifested as difficulty in water absorption of crop roots, easy to burn roots and yellow leaves, stiff seedlings are not long, leaf deformity and other diseases, and the serious consequence is that crops gradually shrink and die. The main factor is the excessive application of organic fertilizer caused by the lack of water in the soil, the imbalance of supply, the accumulation of nitrate ions in the soil, and the nitrate content exceeding the standard, so that the crops are damaged by fertilizer. How to avoid overuse of organic fertilizer, HSBC Agriculture reminds you to control organic fertilizer.

The dosage to be applied, while also paying attention to the following:

1. Strictly abide by the formula proportion. Publicize the scientific and technological knowledge that organic fertilizer is beneficial to the growth of crops, reasonably match farmhouse organic fertilizer with biological fertilizer, mineral fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, and guide fertilization according to the nutritional needs of crops during the growth period.

2. Fully decomposed and fermented before application. Organic fertilizer can activate the soil, improve the soil, enhance the ability of crops to resist diseases, insects and disasters, and improve crop quality and increase yield. However, organic fertilizers such as livestock, human manure and cake meal in nature must be fully decomposed and fermented before application.

After fermentation, the acidity in the organic fertilizer is balanced, the nitrate content is reduced, and the water is supplemented, which is conducive to the combined application of microorganisms and bacteria in the natural soil; Second, after fermentation, it can kill the parasite eggs, pests and bacteria in the raw manure that directly bring the bacteria and harm to the crops and soil.

3. Try to apply the base fertilizer after deep ploughing. To improve the fertilization method, one is to fully mix the organic fertilizer with the soil as much as possible, so as not to spread fertilizer on the surface and reduce the waste of fertilizer and environmental pollution; Second, the base fertilizer at the seedling stage of crops should be applied deeply or early, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer at the seedling stage should be strictly controlled; Third, it is necessary to fertilize according to the law of crop growth nutrient demand, and generally the crops with a short growth period can be applied as a base fertilizer at one time, such as the cultivation and fertilization of cotton with a long growth period, which should be applied in the early and late stages, that is, "light before and heavy after" to be applied reasonably, in order to achieve the expected target yield effect.

Fourth, with the application of biological organic fertilizer. In real production, the lack of organic matter in the soil is easy to cause crop diseases and low yields. More organic matter fertilizer can not only improve crop yield and quality, but also make crops resistant to drought, premature aging, diseases and pests.

In particular, the combined application of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer can make the soil have better functions of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus and potassium solution, and play a role in improving the soil, improving fertilizer utilization rate and saving costs, increasing yield and increasing income.

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4. New organic fertilizer.

At present, many manufacturers will produce some organic fertilizers containing organic matter, some advanced technology can be added to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and other trace elements, crops and soil are very good, in line with the needs of modern society for organic fertilizer, such as the product of Fertile Leaf biological fertilizer, which not only contains organic matter, but also contains 18 kinds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium trace elements, and also contains 4 kinds of biological flora, is a composite type of green organic fertilizer, which can not only improve the soil, but also loosen the soil. Promote the full utilization of nutrients in the soil.

3. Analysis of the situation of organic fertilizers.

In recent years, the state has paid more and more attention to the fertilizer industry, putting the "three rural" issues in the "top priority" of the modernization period, and the country is also advocating more and more safe, green, organic and pollution-free products, and Woye bacterial fertilizer is very in line with the requirements of modern agricultural production because it does not contain hormones!

As a very safe product, organic fertilizer is a product that is very in line with the development of the times and the call of society. Israel Vosch Leaf Fertilizer is a green product certified by the EU organic, which has very good feedback on different crops, and has no excessive ingredients such as hormones and heavy metals, which is very safe.

Many modern manufacturers are also learning to produce some organic fertilizers, but some because the technology can not be reached, the content of the production can not reach the marked content, or the content can not be added to the corresponding strain content, so we must look at the production standards of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer, carefully screen the products, find the products of big brand manufacturers, and the quality will be ***! In order to achieve the nutrients required by crops, improve the soil and supplement trace elements.