What are the differences between the human brain and other mammalian brains?

The range of mammals is very large, including chimpanzees, gibbons, etc., which are close relatives of humans who are similar to humans in structure, as well as elephants and cetaceans whose absolute brain volume is greater than that of humans, and dolphins whose relative brain size is close to that of humans. First, let's discuss the common characteristics of the mammalian brain, which will help us understand the differences between them. Mammals all have a cerebral cortex, but the size is different, and they also have the thalamus and limbic system, and the midbrain is generally smaller, indicating that the cerebral cortex and thalamus have taken over many functions of the midbrain, thus causing the midbrain to atrophy.

Reptilian brain. The old cortex, also known as the primitive (reptile) brain or "basal brain," which includes the brainstem and cerebellum, is the first brain component to appear, which McLean calls the "R-complex." It consists of the brainstem—the medulla, pons, cerebellum, and midbrain—and, the oldest basal nucleus, the globus pallidus and olfactory bulb.

For reptiles, the brainstem and cerebellum play a controlling role in species behavior, and for this reason, the old cortex is referred to as the "reptilian brain". Under the control of reptilian brains, humans have the same behavior patterns as snakes and lizards: dull, paranoid, impulsive, immutable, and suspicious, as if "the memory has imprinted the survival mark of the ancestors in the barbaric era".

Endlessly copying the same way of behaving, never learning from previous mistakes (as opposed to the mechanical mind that Sri Aurobindo speaks of). This brain controls the body's muscles, balance, and automatic functions, such as breathing and heartbeat. This part of the brain remains active all the time and does not rest even in deep sleep.

Limbic system (paleomammalian brain).In 1952 McLean coined the term "limbic system" for the first time to refer to the middle part of the brain, which can also be called the paleocortex or mesobrain (ancient mammalian brain), which corresponds to most of the mammalian brain, especially in the early evolutionary period. The paleomammalian brain, located in the limbic system, is closely associated with emotion, intuition, nurturing, fighting, avoidance, and sexuality.

As McLean observes, the emotional system has always been love-hate, and there is no intermediate state between "pleasant" and "unsuitable" things. In a harsh environment, it is precisely by relying on this simple principle of "seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages" that survival is guaranteed. <>

The human brain is characterized first and foremost by the cerebral cortex.

Developed, of course this is not peculiar to humans, chimpanzees.

and dolphins also have a well-developed cerebral cortex. The relative brain volume of humans is the largest, but there is not much difference compared with dolphins, the human brain accounts for % of their own body weight The brain of dolphins accounts for their own body weight, considering that dolphins live in the water and have relatively thick fat, it is likely that the relative brain volume of dolphins with sufficient ** can catch up with or even exceed humans. Therefore, this is not an essential difference, the most fundamental feature of the human brain lies in the form and function of each brain region.

The neocortex, the cerebrum, the cerebral cortex, or to put it another way: the neocortex, which is what we know as the higher brain or rational brain, encompasses almost all of the left and right cerebral hemispheres (made up of a relatively new type of cortical form called the neocortex), as well as some subcortical neuronal groups. The cerebral cortex corresponds to primate mammals.

The brain, of course, includes humans. It is the higher-order cognitive functions in the cerebral cortex that make humans stand out from the animal population, and McLean calls the cerebral cortex "the mother of invention and creativity, abstract thinking."

The Father". In the human brain, the neocortex occupies two-thirds of the total brain volume, while other animal species do have neocortex, but it is relatively small, with few or no folds (meaning the surface area of the neocortex).

complexity and degree of development). Rats lose their cerebral cortex and can still function normally (at least on the surface), while humans lose their cerebral cortex and become like vegetables. <>

The differences between the human brain and the brains of other animals are as follows. The first characteristic of the human brain is the well-developed cerebral cortex, which is not unique to humans. Chimpanzees and dolphins also have a well-developed cerebral cortex.

The relative brain of humans is the largest, but there is no big difference compared to dolphins. The human brain accounts for its body weight, while the dolphin brain accounts for its body weight. Considering that dolphins live in water and have a thick layer of fat, dolphins are likely to catch up with or even surpass the relative brains of humans when fully **.

So these are not essential differences, the most basic feature of the human brain is the shape and function of each brain region.

The human brain is about three times larger than the chimpanzee's brain. This is not a simple amplification of the chimpanzee's brain, but a noticeable difference in structure. Not every part of the human brain is larger than a chimpanzee.

The cerebellum and occipital lobe of the human brain are almost identical to those of chimpanzees. The thalamus and limbic system are not visible in **, but are not very different from chimpanzees. The temporal, parietal, and frontal lobes of the human brain are significantly larger than those of chimpanzees.

Humans can thrive in many different environments, from tundra to mountains to bustling urban centers, because the human brain is clearly unfinished at birth. The human brain is not born with all the wiring, but is shaped by the details of life experience, which means that it has a long time to adapt to its environment when it is young. The way an animal's brain is programmed is often referred to as:"Hardwired", and the human brain is"Wiring on the spot"。

It is even less likely to thrive.

There is a big difference between the two in terms of degree of development, brain volume, tissue form, function, and degree of response to the outside world.

I think the main thing is that the human brain is more complex and more sophisticated. Specific differences:

1. The human brain is characterized by a well-developed cerebral cortex.

2. The human brain is about 3 times the size of a chimpanzee.

3. Compared with animals, humans have different tissue forms. Compared with animals, the frontal lobe, the inferior parietal lobe, the temporoparietal-occipital symphysis, and the temporal polar region are particularly developed.

That's why human beings can learn more knowledge and invent more things, so that human beings can become the top of the food chain. Although human beings are inferior to some large animals in terms of physical strength and ability, it is because human brains are smart enough that they can build a civilized society.

The biggest difference between human and animal brains is the different degrees of development. The human brain is characterized by a relatively developed cerebral cortex, while the cerebral cortex of other animals is relatively simple and generally only has physiological functions.

The biggest difference is that the brain capacity of humans is much larger than that of animals.

The human brain can think independently, and can complete a series of complex and sophisticated thinking processes, and have an obvious judgment about things.

Man is an animal,Mammals, primates,Advanced animalsBut there is a difference with other animals, that is, human beings have consciousness, consciousness is a product unique to the human brain, and other animals can only be called instinct.

There is also language, writing, the reason why human beings can stand at the top of the food chain has a lot to do with human sociality, and human sociality is based on the fact that human beings have a language and writing to communicate with each other, and there is no research to prove that there are other species outside human beings that have their own language or writing.

The difference between humans and animals

Humans are more creative and know how to use and invent tools, while other animals are weaker. The second is that human individuals have strong thinking and correction ability, and the weight of the human brain ranks among the top among animals of the same quality, and the factor affecting animal intelligence is the cerebral cortex.

surface area, the larger the surface area, the stronger the ability to think, and the surface area of the cerebral cortex of humans is larger than that of chimpanzees.

It's four times larger.

Man knows how to use tools and invent tools. Moreover, people can also walk upright, and at the same time can communicate verbally, and people have a strong subjective initiative.

Become the most intelligent animal, become a social animal. People have a strong sense of thinking, thinking, and language, and through language people have contributed to a unified society.

Through language, people can accumulate culture, and future generations can quickly pass on the cultural achievements of their predecessors.

Generally speaking, the corrective ability of the majority is the behavior that reflects the will and interests of the majority through exchanges between individuals on the premise of respecting the freedom of individual thought. The institutions, systems, laws, and so on of human society are all manifestations of this ability.

The human brain grinds harder than the mammals

a.That's right. b.Mistake.

Correct answer: B