The cultural characteristics of Qiuci country, where is the ancient country of Qiuci now

Silk Road Qiuzi Culture, Magical Aksu.

Guizi country. It is one of the ancient Western Regions, and the residents are good at it, and the turtle music and dance originated here. The ancient city is located in Kuqa County.

About two kilometers west of the city, the village of Pirang. During the Han and Tang dynasties in China, the **** capital took Qiuci as the political center and set up political institutions to manage the Western Regions. In the third year of the Eastern Han Dynasty and Emperor Yongyuan (91 AD), Ban Chao assumed the post of protector and moved the capital of the Western Regions to Qiuzi.

The circumference of the ancient city is nearly 8,000 meters, with the north wall being 2,000 meters, the south wall being 1,806 meters, the east wall being 1,646 meters, and the west wall being about 2,200 meters. Except for the eastern, southern, and northern walls, which are still recognizable, the west wall is gone. The whole city is an irregular square, the city wall is about 2-7 meters high, it is built of rammed earth, and there is a battlement every 40 meters or so.

In 1985, Mr. Huang Wenbi, a famous archaeologist in China, had carried out excavation work in this city, and unearthed cultural relics include stone tools, bone tools, painted pottery pieces, bronze pieces, Han five baht coins, turtle coins, Kaiyuan Tongbao and so on.

The ancient kingdom of Qiuci was a great country in the ancient Western Regions, located on the Silk Road.

As early as the third century A.D., Buddhism was transmitted to Qiuci through the Silk Road, and was widely spread in the Qiuci area, and the activities of monks and laymen building temples, opening caves, statues, paintings, and offering to Buddha have been very frequent. To Tang Xuanzang.

When he traveled west to India to learn scriptures and passed through Qiuci, Qiuci Buddhism was already "more than 100 Jialan, more than 5,000 monks, learning Hinayana teachings, cutting and participating". The famous translator of the scriptures in history, Kumarosh, was a native of Qiuzi.

The ancient Qiuci Kingdom was once known as the "Buddha Capital of the Western Regions" and "the Music Capital of the Western Regions", and the Qiuci Cave Art and Qiuci Music and Dance that were bred have widely influenced the Central Plains, Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia.

area, among which the Qiuci Grottoes are known as "China's Four Great Religions."

One of the blind caves of the stone year.

Of course there is, Kuqa ancient name"Guizi country. "It is one of the great powers in the Western Regions in ancient China, where it has a longer history than the Mogao Grottoes, and it is called by modern grotto artists"The second Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes"。The residents are good at **, and the turtle music and dance originated here. One of the four towns of Anxi in the Tang Dynasty of China.

Also known as Qiu Ci, Qiu Zi, Qiu Zi, it is the place where iron tools are produced in the Western Regions in ancient times, and it is also a famous country. The ancient inhabitants belonged to the Indo-European species. After the arrival of the Uighurs, the race and language were gradually Uighurized, and the Kuqa Oasis was the center, and at its peak its jurisdiction was equivalent to the six counties and cities of Luntai, Kucha, Shaya, Baicheng, Aksu, and Xinhe in present-day Xinjiang.

Qiuci is a country in the Western Regions, and it was one of our vassal countries during the Han Dynasty.

Now Kuqa was called in ancient times"Guizi country. "It is one of the great powers in the Western Regions in ancient China.

Qiuci is now the ancient city of Pilang in the eastern suburbs of Kuqa, during the Han Dynasty, Qiuci was called Qiuci, the residents here are good at singing and dancing**, and Qiuzi music and dance was born in this place. As one of the four towns of Anxi in the Han Dynasty, this has a very long history and culture. During the Tang Dynasty, the Anxi capital was specially set up to protect this place.

1. The ancient history of Qiuzi

In the early beginning, as one of the 36 states in the Western Regions, Qiuci was under the administration of the Xiongnu. It was thriving and heavily guarded. During the Western Han Dynasty, because the proton Lai Dan was killed in the country of Qiuci, he sent troops to Qiuci and finally seized the country.

Later, because of the rebellion of the country, the country of Qiuci was recaptured by the Xiongnu. In the early days of Emperor Zhang of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he ordered the surrender of the Qiuzi Kingdom.

2. The history and civilization of the country of Qiuzi

Qiuzi is the intersection of the four major civilizations of Rome, Persia, Han and Tang Dynasties, so the flow of people here is very dense, so this cultural civilization is also very prosperous. In the country, Buddhist culture is very prosperous. Buddhism was widely spread from India to this place, and at that time, there were already many statues and offerings to Buddha in the country.

In this place, the Buddhist grottoes are also very famous, so it is called "the second Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes" by many people, there are six grottoes here, and it is also the earliest Pailiang Buddhist grottoes found and excavated today. As an important location on the Silk Road, according to records, Buddhism in China is the propaganda of the Qiuci country.

3. The art and culture of the country of Qiuci

In this country, many people are good at singing and dancing. At first, after Zhang Sai went to the Western Regions, the description of the "Zuole Tu" obtained from it was very similar to the customs and customs in Qiuci. After the migration of the Qiuzi people after the withering envy of Bihou, most of them went to the north and south borders of the Great River in our country, which made a great contribution to the rise of the local area at that time.

During the pre-Qin period, the music was introduced into China and was loved by many people, and after that, the music was compiled into a song and passed down from generation to generation.

Qiuci is centered on Kuqa Oasis, with the Tianshan Mountains in the north, the desert in the south, Shule in the west, and Yanqi in the east, which is equivalent to the Aksu Prefecture of Xinjiang and part of Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in the east. The capital is in Yancheng, according to research, in the ancient city of Pilang in the eastern suburbs of Kuqa today.

Buddhism originated in India and spread to Qiuci, an important town in the northern Silk Road, through the Silk Road. As early as the third century A.D., Buddhism has been widely spread in the Qiuci area, and activities such as monks and laymen building temples, opening caves, statues, paintings, and offering to Buddha have been very frequent.

Around the beginning of the Common Era, Indian Buddhism was introduced to Qiuzi through Bactria (present-day northern Afghanistan, the eastern frontier of the former Persian Empire and Alexander's Empire), Anxi (present-day Iranian Plateau), Dayueshi (present-day Amu Darya Valley), and across the Green Ridge (present-day Pamir Plateau). Qiuzi Buddhism is mainly Hinayana and Mahayana. In the middle of the 3rd century AD, Qiuci Buddhism entered its heyday

Guizi country west to Luoyang 8,280 miles, there is a city, its city is threefold, there are thousands of pagodas and temples. "After the Western Jin Dynasty, Buddhism in Qiuci has been quite popular. In the first year of Tang Zhenguan (627), the famous monk Xuanzang went to India to learn scriptures, and recorded the Buddhism of Quzhi State Lapai (i.e., Qiuzi) in the "Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty".

There are more than 100 Jialan. More than 5,000 monks studied the Hinayana teachings. The Scriptures and Ordinances are taken from India.

The Buddhist caves of Qiuzi are the earliest excavated Buddhist caves in China, including 6 main cave groups: Kizil Caves, Kumutula Caves, Senmusem Caves, Kizigaha Caves, Mazabeha Caves, and Tohulakee Caves. Among them, the Kizil Caves are the earliest built in the Qiuzi Caves, and they are also the largest in existence, with 236 numbered caves.

After the Islamic conquest of the Western Regions, the Qiuci Grottoes were buried in the barren sand and vines for nearly a thousand years until they were discovered by later generations.

It is likely that Buddhism was first introduced to China by Qiuzi. The French sinologist Levy pointed out in the article "The So-called Tocharian B is the Examination of the Qiuci Language" that according to the Buddhist terms such as "shamen" in the earliest Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures in the second century, "Shami" cannot be compared with the Sanskrit sramana and sramenera, but it is very close to the samane and sanmir in Qiuci language, so it is concluded that the Chinese Buddhist scriptures in the second century must have been translated from the original Qiuci language, and the Qiuci language was introduced to China as a Buddhist scripture in the first century AD. Famous translators of Buddhist scriptures, such as Kumarosh, the national master of Qiuci, came to Chang'an in 401 and organized a translation field to translate Buddhist scriptures.

The high monks from the Qiuzi wheel are also the prince of the king of Qiuci, the silky pear honey, the silk torch, the Buddha Tucheng, the lotus pei donghua Jingjin and so on.

Qiuzi, pronounced qiu ci (都一), was an ancient kingdom in the Western Regions on the Silk Road, located in the present-day Kuqa region of Xinjiang. According to records, the state of Qiuci existed for nearly 1,700 years, and around 840 AD, the Uighurs moved westward, passing through the country of Qiuci, and destroyed this ancient kingdom, returned to the rule of the Uighurs, and established a new regime, and the state of Qiuci withdrew from the stage of history.

The cave art of Qiuci Kingdom, which is higher than that of Dunhuang in Gansu Province, is also rich in iron tools, and was a powerful country at that time. Now, all the cultural treasures about this country are buried under the desert, lying quietly in the long river of history, and one day more will be discovered.