Black holes are the most gravitational objects known, how much do you know about black holes?

I don't know much about black holes, I only know about black holes, which is still an unknown number, and everyone has been studying black holes, but they haven't understood it clearly. Black holes are still being studied.

Black hole is a celestial body that exists in the universe, and the gravitational attraction is very strong, and scientists are constantly studying the mystery of black holes, and there are still many unsolved mysteries.

I don't know much about black holes, but I think black holes are very mysterious, and they have a very strong meaning for the universe, and human beings are still exploring them.

A black hole can devour everything, it is different from a wormhole, a wormhole can have the ability to teleport, and once a black hole is swallowed by it, it is impossible to come out. To put it simply, the formation of black holes is one of the outcomes due to the star's demise.

To date, astronomers have identified three types of black holes: stellar black holes, supermassive black holes, and intermediate black holes.

Stellar black holes

When a star burns out, it may collapse inward. For smaller stars (those with no more than three times the mass of the Sun), the new core will become a neutron star or white dwarf. But if a larger star collapses, it continues to collapse inward and forms a stellar black hole.

Black holes, formed by the collapse of a single star, are relatively small, but surprisingly dense. It's like packing more than three times the mass of the sun into a place the size of a city. This results in a huge gravitational pull acting on the surrounding objects.

When a stellar black hole is created, it devours the dust and gas of the galaxies around it, which makes it grow in size.

According to a study by researchers, the Milky Way galaxy in which we live is home to up to 100 million black holes.

Supermassive black holes

Small black holes (stellar black holes) fill the universe, but their relatives, supermassive black holes, dominate. These massive black holes are millions or even billions of times the mass of the Sun, but they are essentially the same in diameter. Such black holes are thought to be located at the center of almost all galaxies, including the Milky Way.

Scientists aren't sure how such large black holes came about. Once these behemoths form, they collect mass from the surrounding dust and gas, which are abundant in the center of galaxies, allowing them to grow to even greater sizes.

There are four speculations about the creation of supermassive black holes:

First, supermassive black holes may be the result of hundreds or thousands of small black holes merging together.

Second, large gas clouds collapse together and quickly absorb the accumulated mass.

Third, the collapse of the star cluster, the collapse of a group of stars together.

Fourth, supermassive black holes may be formed from large clusters of dark matter. Dark matter is a substance that we can observe through its gravitational effects on other objects, however, we don't know what dark matter is made of because it doesn't emit light and can't be directly observed.

Intermediate black holes

Scientists used to think that black holes were only small and large, but recent studies have revealed the possibility of the existence of intermediate black holes (IMBHS). Such objects are formed when stars in a star cluster collide in a chain reaction. Several such IMBHs formed in the same region may end up falling together at the center of a galaxy, forming a supermassive black hole.

In 2014, astronomers discovered what appeared to be an intermediate-mass black hole in the arm of a spiral galaxy. And in 2021, astronomers detected an ancient gamma-ray burst.

Astronomers have been trying to find these medium-sized black holes, but the IMBHS has been behaving like a long-lost relative, uninterested in being discovered.

In terms of composition, black holes can be divided into two main categories. One is a dark energy black hole, and the other is a physical black hole.

Dark energy black hole: It is mainly composed of huge dark energy that rotates at high speed, and it does not have a huge mass inside. Huge amounts of dark energy rotate at nearly the speed of light, and a huge negative pressure is generated inside it to engulf objects, thus forming black holes.

Dark energy black holes are the basis for the formation of galaxies, as well as for the formation of star clusters and galaxy clusters. Physical black holes are formed by the collapse of one or more celestial bodies and have enormous mass. When a physical black hole has a mass equal to or greater than the mass of a galaxy, we call it a singularity black hole.

Dark energy black holes are so large that they can be as big as the solar system.

Physical black holes: They are so small that they can even shrink to a singularity.

There are two types of black holes, namely dark energy black holes and physical black holes, which cause different damage and have different degrees of damage to other bodies.

At present, there is relatively little research on black holes. As for black holes, only their existence can be understood, and all conclusions are deduced from existing theories.

Perseverance black holes, intermediate black holes, supermassive black holes, these mysterious black holes are much larger and smaller, and there are three kinds of discoveries by writers at present.

The gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance : the distance doubles and the gravitational force becomes 1 4. So, even supermassive black holes are barely felt at a distance of enough distance.

[Introduction to Black Holes].

Black holes are very dense planets, absorbing everything, and light cannot escape. (Now some scientists have analyzed that there are no black holes in the universe, which needs to be further proven, but we can have different opinions academically).

Black holes have a huge gravitational pull, and even light is attracted to it and cannot escape. There is a huge gravitational field hidden in a black hole, and this gravitational force is so great that anything, not even light, can escape the palm of the black hole. Black holes do not allow anything within their boundaries to be seen by the outside world, which is why such objects are called "black holes".

We cannot observe it through the reflection of light, we can only know about the black hole indirectly through the surrounding objects affected by it. That being said, black holes have their boundaries, known as the "event horizon" It is speculated that black holes are remnants of dead stars that are created when a special massive supergiant collapses and contracts. In addition, a black hole must be formed by a star with a mass greater than the Chandrasekhar limit at the end of its evolution, and a star with a mass smaller than the Chandrasekhar limit cannot form a black hole (see also:

A Brief History of Time - Stephen Hawking).

Explanation from the point of view of physics.

A black hole is actually a planet (similar to a planet), except that it is very, very dense, and objects close to it are bound by its gravitational pull (as if a person did not fly away on Earth), and cannot be separated from it no matter how fast it is. For the earth, it is possible to escape the earth at the second cosmic speed (to fly, but for the black hole, its second cosmic speed is so great that it exceeds the speed of light, so even the light can't escape, so the light that goes in is not reflected back, and our eyes can't see anything, just a black patch.

The largest black hole in the universe, Ton618, a quasar with a mass 66 billion times that of the Sun, a diameter of 384 billion kilometers, and a distance of 10.4 billion light-years from us, was first discovered by humans in 1970. ton 618 is a very distant and very bright quasar, which is a giant accretion disk of a supermassive black hole at the center of a huge galaxy.

The gravitational pull of a black hole is beyond imagination. A black hole is not a space, but a mass of matter with a super-dense density. Not to mention that the black hole can continuously absorb most of the surrounding materials, even the light shining on the black hole cannot escape, and the light will be attracted to form curvilinear light when it passes far away from the black hole.

It is precisely because of the strong attraction of this super-dense mass of matter that we cannot get reflected light from its surface, so it appears as a black hole in the universe.

How big is the gravitational pull of the black hole that was photographed for the first time?

The gravitational pull of a black hole is so strong that even light cannot escape.

In the universe, if there is something that is certain to exist and has mysterious overtones, it must be a black hole.

To put it simply, a black hole is an extremely aggressive and mysterious celestial body. The mystery of a black hole is that no one knows its internal structure, and the aggressiveness of a black hole lies in the fact that everything around the black hole is swallowed by it, even light.

Black holes were first discovered by a German astronomer, and the discovery of black holes by this astronomer is inseparable from Einstein's contributions to astronomy.

Newton believed that inertia is a property of an object, and the greater the mass of the object, the greater the inertia, i.e., mass is the physical quantity that describes the magnitude of the object's inertia. Newton's first law states that the inertia of an object does not change due to changes in the state of motion of the object, i.e., the law of invariance of inertia. This law was considered absolutely true for a long time.

It was not until the end of the 19th century that scientists discovered that the phenomenon of microscopic particles moving at high speed could not be explained by classical mechanics, and people began to doubt the correctness of classical mechanics.

At this time, Einstein proposed the special theory of relativity, and he pointed out that when an object moves at high speed, the mass of the object increases with the increase in speed. After this, he proposed that mass and energy can be converted into each other, i.e., energy is equal to mass multiplied by the square of the speed of light. This means that for an object with mass to reach the speed of light, the energy required would need to be close to infinity.

Therefore, an object with mass does not reach the speed of light.

When the first cosmic velocity of a celestial body reaches or exceeds the speed of light, the object can capture all the objects around it. Even light can be caught. This type of object is what we call a black hole.

Black holes are evolved from the death of massive stars, and after the collapse of celestial bodies into black holes, black holes are like bottomless deep wells in the universe, and all matter cannot escape from black holes, not even light.

Many physicists believe that the center of a black hole is a singularity, a point at which a large amount of matter is compressed into an infinitesimal space.

The center of a black hole, although it is a singularity, has a very significant spatial distortion due to the very large mass of the black hole's center. Just like when we stand on a mattress, the mattress will sink downward, the center of the black hole will make the space appear extremely depressed, and near the singularity at the center of the black hole, the curvature of space is very steep, forming a special space similar to a "bottomless pit".

Therefore, the center of the black hole is basically an inaccessible place, and all matter, even if it is close to the center of the black hole, will continue to move along the steep space and never reach the bottom of the "bottomless pit".

The black hole swallows all the matter, but all the matter cannot reach the center of the black hole, this limit is very common inside the black hole, which also makes many scientists doubt whether the relevant theory of the black hole is correct, because the singularity is currently only a physical theory that exists in the theory.

Singularity, which is also the origin theory of the universe, means that the energy density is infinite, so the singularity may occur large**, and a universe will be born, and the energy density of the center of the black hole will also tend to be infinite, so there may also be a singularity.

When scientists were exploring black holes, they found that the singularity at the center of the black hole was very similar to the singularity of the universe, so some scientists proposed that there may be a universe inside the black hole.

There are black holes in the universe, and there is a universe in black holes, which forms a simple fractal structure. Regardless of whether you look at the universe macroscopic or microscopic, you can find the same type of structure in the end. In nature, this fractal structure is very common, many plants have this fractal structure, and scientists believe that the multiverse will also be based on fractal structure, just like our solar system is very similar to the atomic structure, continue to explore the macro and micro worlds, and more such worlds will be discovered.

The possibilities inside a black hole are endless, but the inside of a black hole cannot be observed. When falling into a black hole, our relative time is also affected by being too close to the black hole event horizon, and the time passage slows down, and when we fall into the black hole, we can see the universe developing rapidly until we fall into the event horizon or are torn apart by the black hole.

Direct observation of the inside of a black hole is very unrealistic, so humans can only deduce and model the situation inside the black hole by expanding their own physical theories.

Black holes are the ultimate celestial bodies of human physics, and the mysterious manifestations of black holes make modern physics incomprehensible. Perhaps only when human beings have a deeper understanding of the physical theory of the universe can we truly see the whole picture of black holes and the appearance of their centers.

Black holes are the most critical celestial bodies in the universe, and when humans truly understand black holes, they may be able to grasp the real physical laws of the universe.

The gravitational pull of a black hole is due to its infinite density. So black holes, no matter how big or small, are capable of swallowing everything within their gravitational limits.