What are the causes of attribution bias and what are the common attribution biases?

The first type of bias is that teachers tend to attribute students' problems to the student's own factors, rather than the teacher's own factors. For example, a young middle school math teacher who taught a class of students did not perform well, which he attributed to the low ability of the students in the class. After being transferred to another class, the academic performance of the students in this class dropped significantly, and he said that the students in this class were against him.

The survey found that when asking class teachers to attribute students' problem behaviors, teachers often attributed it to students' abilities, personalities, and families, and rarely thought that it had anything to do with teachers' attitudes and teaching methods, but students thought it was related to teachers' behaviors. The danger of this type of attribution bias is that the teacher puts the blame for the problem on the student, abdicating the responsibility of the educator before the education. The second type of attribution bias is that teachers attribute good and poor students differently.

When excellent students do good things or get good grades, teachers often attribute it to internal factors such as ability and quality, while when poor students also do good things or achieve good grades, they are often attributed by teachers to external factors such as simple tasks and luck. Conversely, when problems arise with top students, teachers often attribute them to external factors. However, when problems arise in poor students, they are attributed to internal factors.

For example, there is a middle school student who has not been doing well in foreign languages, and after hard work, he got the highest score in the class in an exam, and the foreign language teacher said that he copied the test papers of his classmates. In a fit of rage, the student stopped taking foreign language lessons. Obviously, this type of attribution bias is extremely detrimental to the development of poor students, even if they show some good behavior, it is difficult to get accurate evaluation from teachers, and if they do not perform well, they are considered incorrigible.

Basic attribution bias refers to the general tendency to overestimate the role of intrinsic tendencies and ignore the role of situational factors when attributing people's behaviors. Put simply, it refers to the phenomenon in which an individual's attribution is more or stronger than the attribution of the situation. For example, when a person retires from a leadership position, the perception of him changes dramatically, as if many of the good qualities of a leader he had left him overnight.

In fact, he is still him, but his behavior has changed due to the change in his social role.

Most of the attribution bias is because I don't have an objective understanding of myself, and I don't objectively compare it with some social rules

The appearance of attribution bias is a psychological reaction that inevitably occurs under certain conditions. Psychological research has long shown that people's normal psychological reaction when they succeed is to feel that they are capable, and when they fail, they try to shift the blame to the outside world and others. Such attribution is beneficial to people's psychological adjustment and self-defense, and is therefore understandable.

However, the two types of attribution bias we mentioned above are not conducive to student development and should be consciously prevented by teachers.

1. Actors and observers.

attribution bias.

Attribution disagreement is a common attribution bias between the perpetrator and the observer, that is, for the same behavior, the attribution made by the person who performed the behavior and the bystander are different and divergent.

2. Egoism.

Attribution bias. The so-called egoistic attribution bias refers to the fact that people generally attribute good behavior or success to themselves and bad behavior or failure to external circumstances or others.

3. The attribution of other auspicious eggplants caused by withered covers.

Such as superstition, fatalism.

Differences in actors' social status, appearance, and personality can also lead to attribution bias.

Overcoming attribution bias:

1. Strengthen correction. When the individual makes the correct attribution, it is reinforced to make it stable.

2. Observation and learning.

Law. Through the demonstration of attribution methods by role models, it is the individual who learns the correct attribution method.

3. The group is careful to observe the law. In a small group, everyone brainstorms the subjective and objective factors that lead to success or failure, as well as the factors of stability and instability, and finally determines the real cause.

Basic attribution bias, according to social psychology, refers to the fact that when attributing the behavior of others, it tends to attribute the behavior of others to internal factors and underestimate the influence of situational factors.

In layman's terms, when a problem arises in someone else, we are used to attributing the problem to someone else, and it is that person who makes Cong collapse have his own problem. And when the same problem happens to you, you instead attribute the problem to external factors. When someone else has an accident, it's a matter of character; If something happens to you, it's a problem with the external environment.

The reverse is also true, the success of others is the luck of shit, and the success of oneself is the result of hard work.

This is also a double standard that often exists in interpersonal communication, treating oneself and treating others are two different standards, which is also a manifestation of basic attribution bias.

In the face of this basic attribution bias, we need to recognize its existence, and we must face it cautiously, and try to eliminate its negative impact in the process of getting along with others.

1. Self-service bias.

Self-serving bias, also known as self-serving bias, refers to the fact that individuals generally take a meritorious attitude towards good behavior, and deny their responsibility for bad and inappropriate behavior. Self-service bias tends to vary with the depth of self-involvement, and the deeper the self-involvement, the higher the degree of self-service.

2. The actor-observer effect.

The actor-observer effect refers to the fact that actors attribute their own behavior differently than others: actors tend to attribute success to individuals and failure to situation; Observers, on the other hand, attribute success more to the situation and failure to personal traits.

3. Basic attribution errors.

Fundamental attribution error, also known as primary attribution error, refers to the fact that when attributing the behavior of others, the behavior is often attributed to internally stable personality traits, and the role of the situation is underestimated.

<> Basic Attribution Bias.

Have you ignored the impact of the environment on people?

1. Definitions. Fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency of people to overemphasize internal traits (e.g., personality, motivation, abilities, etc.) when interpreting the behavior of others, while ignoring the influence of external situational factors. This bias often leads to misunderstandings and errors in judgment about the behavior of others.

2. Examples. 1.On the road, a driver suddenly braked violently.

Observers may think that the driver is poor or careless. However, the observer may have overlooked possible external factors, such as obstacles that suddenly appear in the dust cavity of the road surface and force the driver to brake suddenly.

2.An employee in a shirt behaved nervously in an important meeting. Colleagues may perceive this employee as incompetent and lacking in communication skills.

However, they may have overlooked the employee's previous stay up late at night, or had some sudden family problems in the morning, and these external factors caused the employee to be nervous in the meeting.

3. How to avoid it?

1.Keep an open mind: Be open and humble when evaluating the behavior of others, and don't overdo it with your own opinions.

2.Consider situational factors: When analyzing behavior, consider the influence of the external environment on behavior. Try to think from the perspective of others and understand the possible situational reasons behind the behavior.

3.Avoid jumping to conclusions: Try to avoid judging the actions of others until you know enough information.

4.Increased self-awareness: Understanding that self-esteem can be affected by underlying attribution bias can help you be cautious when evaluating the behavior of others.

5.Develop empathy: Trying to understand the feelings and needs of others and putting yourself in their shoes can help mitigate the impact of basic attribution bias.