When can the origin of surnames be traced?

Preface: In the historical knowledge we learned in junior high school, we know about ancient Chinese history.

Especially the primitive society of our human race.

is a matrilineal clan.

System. Therefore, the origin of Chinese surnames can be traced back to the time of the matrilineal clan system. Especially when we see the two characters of the surname, the surname is a kind of symbol to distinguish the clan, so his character is composed of a female character.

Especially in those tribes of ancient primitive societies, the most famous tribal surnames are all based on the female character as the side character.

Matrilineal clan When we see the word surname, we can see that our country mainly followed the mother in the ancient primitive society, so for those primitive societies, there was a surname and a surname, so it became the current surname. Especially the emperor we know, the emperor is surnamed Ji, and his Ji character is next to the female character. At the same time, we knew Dayu when we were children.

The story of water control, Dayu at that time because of his meritorious work in water control, so the emperor gave him the surname of Ji. From this, we can all see that the earliest surnames in our China can be traced back to the matrilineal clan period.

Patrilineal clansLater, with the progress of society and the change of the times, the matrilineal clan gradually evolved from the matrilineal clan to the paternal clan. From the very first primitive societies to the Stone Age, those people gradually became male, because they could do some manual labor. Therefore, the later children followed their father's surname.

Later, the father was a clan, and was gradually replaced by a class society.

Xia Shang Zhou, especially in the Xia Shang Zhou period, those nobles will have their own surnames. Especially during the Zhou Dynasty, there was an important period in the development of my surname. At that time, there were already a lot of records of the new style, and the king of Zhou at that time.

Surname Ji like the emperor. So much so that other surnames such as Ji, Qi, and Ying appeared in the later Spring and Autumn Period. Later, when the Zhou Dynasty came, the patriarchal system was implemented.

In the patriarchal system, there is a distinction between a large sect and a small sect, and a surname represents a large or minor clan.

As for the origin of surnames, the earliest can be traced back to primitive societies, that is, the matrilineal clan system has appeared.

The earliest can be traced back to the primitive society, which was still a matriarchal society at that time, so the surname at that time was based on the female character.

The origin of surnames can be traced back to the early matrilineal clan period in China, because during that period, many tribes used their names to distinguish clans.

The origin of surnames can generally be traced back to matrilineal clan societies, and the history of surnames is very complex.

As a surname that continues by blood, it first appeared in China. Beginning with the first Chinese surname in 3000 BC, the surname Feng, Chinese surnames have continued to change with the development of society. According to the latest research statistics by relevant experts, Chinese have used as many as 22,000 surnames, and many of them have a history of thousands of years.

The unity and continuity of Chinese culture is reflected in the inheritance of surnames.

According to research, Chinese had surnames 5,000 years ago. At that time, it was a matriarchal society, and people only knew that there was a mother, but not a father. Therefore, the word "surname" is composed of "female" and "sheng", which vividly shows that the earliest surname is related to the mother.

During the Xia, Shang, and Zhou periods, people had surnames and surnames. The surname is derived from the name of the village in which it lives, or the tribe to which it belongs. "Clan" is derived from the title given by the monarch, the title bestowed by the monarch, the official position held, or the title added after death according to merit.

Therefore, nobles have surnames, names, and clans; Commoners have surnames, names, and no clans. Men and women with the same "clan" may intermarry, but men and women with the same "surname" may not intermarry. Because the Chinese discovered this genetic law very early:

Misgenarian marriage is detrimental to offspring.

Difference between surname and given name: In the pre-Qin period, the meaning of surname and given name was different. The surname represents the blood relationship, the same surname cannot intermarry, and the clan is a branch that is bred from the surname, which is a sign of privilege and status, used to distinguish the noble from the low, and those who have a clan are noble. Therefore, in the pre-Qin period, men were called names but not surnames.

Fusion of surnames and surnames: The Qin Dynasty abolished the original patriarchal feudal system and implemented the county system, and the clan lost its meaning of representing the noble and the lowly, and gradually became a symbol of patrilineal blood inheritance. Most of the surnames in China today are inherited from the Zhou dynasty.

The earliest surnames of the Chinese are the eight surnames of ancient times, namely Ji, Jiang, Ji, Huan, Yu, You, Yao, and Yao. The other said: Ji, Jiang, Ji, Ying, Fei, Fei, Yao, and Pregnancy.

1, Ji surname. The ancient tribes such as the Xuanyuan clan and the Qingqiu clan all had the surname Ji. Sima Qian wrote in "Historical Records. The Five Emperors Benji said: "The Yellow Emperor has twenty-five sons, and there are fourteen of those who have the surname. ”

2. Jiang surname. The surname Jiang originated from the Yandi Shennong clan. Emperor Yan was born in Jiang Shui, because he took Jiang as his surname, Shennong's, Gonggong's, Youtai's, and Lu's surnames were all Jiang's. The surname Jiang is also one of the important origins of the surnames Lu, Xie, Qi, Gao, Lu, Cui, etc.

3. Surname. The surname Ji originated from Dayu. Legend has it that Kun's wife, Xiuji, was the daughter of the Xin family, who became pregnant because she devoured the coix plant and gave birth to Yu.

4. Ying's surname. The surname Ying originated from Gaotao, Gaotao was born in Qufu, so he took Ying as his surname.

5. Yao, concubine surname.

Yao and Fei are of the same origin, both of which originated from Shun. "Tongzhi Clan Strategy" records:"Shun has two surnames, called Yao and concubine. Because of the birth of Yao Xu, he was surnamed Yao, and because of the residence of the concubine, he was surnamed Yao.

6. Concubine surname. The surname of Concubine originated from Zhurong's family. After Zhu Rong, he was known as Zhu Rong's eight surnames, including himself, Dong, Peng, Bald, Fei, Cao, Xu, and Mi. He originally came from the surname Ying, Shao Hao's virtue declined, the rise of Zhuan, and the solid surname was recaptured by Zhuan.

7. Yao surname. The surname Yao originates from the legendary founder of the Yellow Emperor Dynasty, Ji Xuanyuan, and is directly given by the Yellow Emperor.

Ji Jiang seems to win the concubine Yao is pregnant.

Surnames first originated from the name of the tribe or the name of the tribal leader. It marks the transition from the group marriage system to the marriage system based on blood relations, and is an important milestone in the progress of human civilization. 1.

Mi surname: It is the ancestral surname of the nobles of Chu during the Zhou Dynasty. 2.

Xuan surname: Since the Xuan character is relatively rare, the Xuan surname is also regarded as one of the rarer surnames. According to the records of "Hundred Family Names", the surname Xuan originated from a doctor named Xuan Chi during the Shang Dynasty, and some people believe that it is related to Lao Tzu, the founder of Taoism.

3.Hao surname: The surname Hao appeared relatively early in the literature, according to legend, it originated from a tribal leader named Da Vulture during the Xia Dynasty, and later the family continued to multiply, and it became the surname Hao.

4.The surname Murong: Originally derived from the Xianbei people, its ancestor was the Xianbei nobleman Murong Chui, and later became the surname of the Qiang and Donghu ethnic minorities in northern China.

5.Zhen surname: The surname Zhen originally originated in the Qi State in the Spring and Autumn Period and was created by the descendants of Zhen Dun, the prime minister of the Qi State.

There are many well-known figures in history, such as Zhen Mi (Zhen) during the Three Kingdoms period and Zhen Luo during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which may not be widely known, but they represent the historical origins and cultural heritage of their respective families. It is worth noting that the emergence and circulation of surnames are also related to historical, regional and other factors, so it is not necessarily that all places have the same surname, and every time there will be new surnames born in the town, and the old surnames are lost.