Why is the level of psychological development the fundamental basis of education?

To take an extreme example: why can't kindergarten children take college courses? Obviously, the cognitive level of kindergarten children has not yet reached the level of college students.

Individual psychology includes mental processes and personality psychological characteristics. Mental processes include cognitive, emotional, and volitional processes. I'll just talk about the level of cognition.

This has a lot to do with intellectual education in education. Cognitive processes include attention, feeling, perception, memory, imagination, thinking. In infancy, the individual's attention span is no more than 15 minutes (the younger the shorter); The level of memory is also only at the stage of image memory; Are learning a language; The mind is in the perceptual-motor stage.

Therefore, in terms of attention, the time in teaching should not be too long. Beyond their attention span, they are unable to receive knowledge of the timed out portion. In terms of memory process, infants and toddlers are also unable to remember language materials (illiterate).

In terms of thought process, there is no logical deduction either. Therefore, education should be based on the level of psychological development of the individual. Different levels of psychological development, teaching methods and teaching materials are also different.

Of course, education includes morality, physical fitness, aesthetics, and labor, so it is also necessary to consider the individual's emotional, will, motivational, personality and other development levels. Conversely, education also affects the level of psychological development of the individual.

Recommend a classic experiment that I hope will be helpful to your question.

Gesell's twin stair climbing experiment. Go for yourself. Hope mine can help you.

First, the development of the same aspect of an individual is uneven at different ages. For example, people's height and weight develop at different rates at different ages.

Second, the development of different aspects of the individual is uneven. Some areas reach a more mature level of development at an earlier age, while others do not reach a more mature level at a later age.

Third, due to the increase of social development on individual requirements, the study period is extended, and the period of independent life and work is postponed, so that people's psychological maturity and social maturity are correspondingly backward; Due to the improvement of food nutrition and the influence of social culture, the age of individual physiological maturity is correspondingly advanced, so that the imbalance of individual physical and mental development is more prominent.

Answer]: [Key Points of Answer] There is a complex interdependence between education and students' psychological development, which is mainly manifested in:

1) Education plays a leading role in children's psychological development. Education, as a decisive condition, restricts the process and direction of psychological development. Scientific education can promote children's psychological development, and without appropriate educational measures, it is impossible to guide students' psychological development.

It is worth noting that education is only the main condition for psychological development, and its role is not unique and unconditional, because in addition to education, there are other factors that have an important impact on students' psychological development, such as quality, family environment, social environment, etc.

2) Education must be based on the level and characteristics of students' psychological development. Teaching should follow the principle of preparation for teaching.

The so-called preparatory principle refers to the new teaching according to the original state of readiness of the students. In Chinese pedagogy, it is also called the "principle of capacity" or "the principle of acceptability". Readiness refers to the suitability of students' original knowledge level and original psychological development level to new learning when engaging in new learning.

There are two meanings of suitability here: first, the preparation of students should ensure that they are likely to succeed in their new studies; Second, students should be prepared in such a way that the time and energy they spend on learning is economical and reasonable.

Learning can be divided into three areas: cognitive, affective, and motor-actual. Learning preparation can also be divided into these three aspects accordingly.

Maturity and learning are the two most important factors that affect study readiness. Teaching according to the principle of preparation involves at least two main issues: what teaching materials to choose and what teaching methods to use.

That is, to determine the teaching materials that children of each age can grasp most effectively, to adopt the teaching methods that are most suitable for the cognitive development level of children of a certain age, and to dialectically understand the relationship between education and psychological development, in order to implement the principle of reciprocity between teaching and development in school teaching practice.

The relationship between education and psychological development is as follows:

Education is the most important influence from the environment that individuals receive in the process of psychological development, and it is also the factor that plays a leading role in the process of individual psychological development. The relationship between education and psychological development is mainly reflected in two aspects: on the one hand, education is restricted by the individual's existing level of psychological development; On the other hand, education can promote the psychological development of the individual.

1) The restrictive effect of individual psychological development on education. An individual's learning readiness includes both physical readiness and psychological readiness. Physiological readiness, especially the degree of development and maturation of the brain and nervous system, is a prerequisite for an individual's education.

Mental readiness includes two aspects: preparation for intellectual factors and preparation for non-intellectual factors.

2) The role of education in promoting individual psychological development. First, developmental teaching. Education is conditioned by the individual's pre-existing level of psychological development, and is only one aspect of the relationship between education and psychological development.

In the relationship between education and psychological development, it is more important to see the role of education in promoting psychological development. Second, early education.

Education is a social practice unique to human beings, and it is a practical activity in which educators have a purpose, a royal plan, and a systematic way to influence and cultivate people with the help of certain conditions, so that they can become members of a certain society. The purpose of education in China is to enable the educated to be fully developed in moral, intellectual, and physical education, so that they can become members of society with socialist consciousness and cultural and scientific knowledge.

Summary. Education and people's psychological development are unified, and the educational process and development process are dialectically unified.

Discuss the relationship between education and psychological development.

Hello, I have received your questions and will be happy to answer your questions.

Discuss the relationship between education and psychological development.

Education and people's psychological development are unified, and the educational process and development process are dialectically unified.

In order for a person to become a sound member of society, he must be continuously educated from an early age. In order to turn every head into a person with ideals, morality, scientific knowledge, discipline, and good health, it is necessary to take education as a favorable information for all stages of this stage and to induce the normal development of his or her psyche.

At the same time, education is carried out in stages, sequentially and at multiple levels according to the process and characteristics of the stages of development from early childhood to young adulthood. Education and people's psychological development are unified, and the educational process and development process are dialectically unified. If we do not understand the general laws of children's physiological and psychological development, education and teaching will lose their theoretical basis and will not be able to play their due role.

In a person's life, the most beautiful period of plasticity and affection is from early childhood to adolescence. Around the age of 10, especially in infancy and early childhood, it is the critical period for children's psychological development and personality formation, and it is also the best period.

During this period, with the rapid physical and mental growth of children, education, especially early education, has become a matter of great significance for promoting development. Education and development are mutually reinforcing and interactive, and each stage, every characteristic and every aspect of a child's development can only be properly understood in relation to the education he or she receives in his or her way of life.

1. The ultimate decisive factor in the level of educational development is productivity. According to the dialectical relationship between Marx's economic base and superstructure, the productive forces are the material conditions for the development of education.

Factors: 1. The development of productive forces and the development of science and technology.

From the perspective of the entire historical process of human society, productive forces have always been the ultimate decisive factor in promoting the development of human society. This is a truth that has long been revealed by Marxist historical materialism.

2. Socio-political and economic system.

The political and economic system determines the leadership of education; Political and economic systems determine the right to education; The political and economic system determines the purpose of education; The political and economic systems determine the choice of educational content.

3. Children's physical and mental development planning education.

It is necessary to follow the stages of children's physical and mental development. For example, Piaget's theory of stages of cognitive development points out that children have different physical and mental characteristics at different ages.

4. Population development.

The development of science has led to the progress of medical treatment, and with the development of medical and health care and the improvement of modern medical facilities, the number of new babies born each year is much larger than the number of deaths, so that the total population can continue to grow.

5. The historical development of the early childhood education system in China and the influence of the early childhood education system in foreign countries.

The education system is the sum total of norms, rules or regulations required for the proper functioning of the organic composition of all levels of educational institutions and organizational systems of a country. It includes pre-school educational institutions, school educational institutions, amateur educational institutions, social educational institutions, etc., as well as the organizational relationship between the institutions, the tasks of each institution, organizational management, etc., and its establishment of the main body is the state, which is the embodiment of the institutionalization of the national education policy.