What happens to recurrent transient ischemic attacks

What does a transient ischemic attack look like, expert: it gets better after a while.

a.Cerebral atherosclerosis.

b.Smoking, drinking.

c.Diabetes.

d.Hypertension.

e.Emotions Lu Chan was excited.

Correct Answer: Early Dust A

Answer: A

Transient ischemic attack, also known as mini-stroke, is mainly arteriosclerosis, and the cellulose and platelets in the extracranial atherosclerotic part of the internal carotid artery adhere to Hezi, and become microemboli after falling off, entering the intracranial artery, causing the intracranial small blood vessels to be blocked and ischemia and develop the disease. However, the emboli are small and tend to autolyze or be broken by the impact of the blood flow, allowing smaller fragments to enter the distal peripheral blood vessels, allowing circulation to be restored and neurologic symptoms to disappear. Microemboli can occur repeatedly, so the disease can be reversed.

Carotid artery compression or hemodynamic changes can also cause transient cerebral avascular septicemia attacks.

Answer]: C Transient ischemic attack (TIA) refers to transient and localized brain function loss or retinal dysfunction caused by cerebrovascular disease, and the clinical symptoms generally last for 10 15 minutes, mostly relieved within 1 hour, and the longest is not more than 24 hours, leaving no trace of neurological deficit symptoms.

Today we will introduce the disease "transient ischemic attack".

Transient ischemic attack is a transient neurological deficit caused by local cerebral or retinal ischemia, and the clinical symptoms are generally less than 1 hour and the longest is not more than 24 hours, and there is no evidence of the responsible lesion (i.e., no clear lesion on imaging examination).

Clinical manifestations 1. General features.

It is more common in middle-aged and elderly people, more men than women, and patients are more likely to have hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes or hyperlipidemia and other diseases. The onset is sudden, and the local brain or retinal dysfunction lasts for a short time, with a maximum duration of no more than 24 hours, leaving no sequelae.

Depending on the blood vessels involved, it can be divided into the following two systems:

2. Internal carotid artery system.

The clinical presentation is related to the distribution of the blood vessels involved.

Middle cerebral artery: paralysis of the contralateral limb with ischemia, facial paralysis, and tongue paralysis may occur, with sensory impairment and hemianopia, and aphasia and apraxia are often present with damage to the dominant hemisphere, and spatial disorientation may occur with damage to the non-dominant hemisphere.

Anterior cerebral artery supply area: ischemia can cause personality and emotional disorders, contralateral lower limb weakness, etc.

Internal carotid artery ocular branch blood supply area: ischemia manifests as a gray sensation in front of the eyes, cloudy or blurred vision, and even transient amaurosis and blindness in one eye. Internal carotid artery trunk blood supply area:

Ischemia may present with ophthalmic artery cross paralysis (transient amaurosis in one eye on the affected side, blindness, and/or contralateral hemiplegia and sensory deficits).

3. Vertebrobasilar artery system.

The most common manifestations are vertigo, impaired balance, abnormal eye movements, and diplopia. There may be unilateral or bilateral facial and perioral numbness, alone or with contralateral limb paralysis and sensory deficits. In addition, vertebrobasilar artery system TIA can also present with the following clinical syndromes:

1) Fall seizure: It is manifested as a sudden loss of tension in the lower limbs and falling, loss of consciousness, and often quick to stand up on its own. Sometimes seen when the person turns or tilts their head.

2) Transient global amnesia: short-term memory loss occurs during the episode, disorientation to time and place, but the ability to talk, write and calculate is normal, and the general symptoms last for several hours, and then completely improve, leaving no memory damage.

3) Binocular vision impairment episodes.

Prognosis Patients are at high risk of early stroke, with the incidence of cerebral infarction occurring in 4% to 10% within 7 days of onset and 10% to 20% within 90 days of onset (mean 11%). Progressive transient ischemic attack with shortened intervals, prolonged duration, and progressively worsening clinical symptoms is a strong warning sign of impending cerebral infarction. Patients are not only susceptible to cerebral infarction, but also to myocardial infarction and sudden death.

Eventually, TIA partially progressed to cerebral infarction, some continued to attack, and some resolved spontaneously.

That's all for today.

Answer]: B Cerebral embolism: It refers to the acute occlusion of the lumen of the blood vessel by entering the intracranial artery with the blood flow, causing ischemia and necrosis and dysfunction of the brain tissue in the corresponding blood supply area.

Most of them have a sudden onset during activity, there are no prodromal symptoms, focal neurological signs reach a peak in seconds to minutes, and most of them manifest as complete stroke, so choose C in question 1. Intracerebral hemorrhage: refers to primary non-traumatic intraparenchymal hemorrhage.

Most of them have a history of hypertension, and most of them have a sudden onset of illness during emotional agitation or activities, and the slag of the disease reaches a peak within a few minutes to a few hours after the onset of the disease, and the symptoms of intracranial hypertension are obvious, so choose D in question 2. Transient ischemic attack (TIA): Each episode lasts 10 to 20 minutes, usually recovers within 1 hour, but can be reversed, and the time limit is 24 hours, so choose B for question 3.

Cerebral thrombosis: often occurs in quiet or sleep, some cases have TIA prodromal symptoms such as numbness, weakness, etc., focal signs mostly reach their peak more than 10 hours or 1 2 days after the onset of the disease, and the clinical manifestations depend on the size and location of the infarct foci, so 4 questions choose A.